Reference
Description
Out put
1 DECK SLAB DESIGN
1.1 Deck data
Width of road
5m
BS 5400-2
No of notional lanes
1978
Width of a notional lane
2.5 m
3.2.9.3.1
Span of slab
3.5 + 0.5
4m
Thickness of slab
350 mm
Asphalt thickness
50 mm
new deck
new deck
0.5
existing deck
3.5
0.5
Figure 1.1 . Bridge deck arrangement
1.2 External Load and Internal Forces Calculation
BS 5400-2
Ha udl
1978
Cl 6.2
Ha kel
30 kN/m lane
12 kN/m2
120 kN/ lane
48 kN/m
Reference
Description
Out put
Density of concrete
24 kN/m3
Density of Asphalt
22 kN/m3
Load due to slab
8.4 kN/m2
Load due to asphalt
1.1 kN/m2
Load factors
Load
ULS
SLS
Concrete
1.15
1.00
Asphalt
1.75
1.20
Ha
1.50
1.20
Considering 1m stript
ULS BM (kNm/m)
Nominal
ULS
SLS
Concrete
16.8
19.3
16.8
Asphalt
2.2
3.9
2.6
Ha udl
24.0
36.0
28.8
Ha kel
48.0
72.0
57.6
Total Moment
91.0
131.2
105.8
ULS Design Moment
1.1 x Total moment
1.1 x
131.2
144.3
kNm/m
Reference
Description
Out put
SLS Moment
105.8
kNm/m
Mg
19.4
kNm/m
Mq
86.4
kNm/m
Mq/Mg
4.4
ULS SF due to
Concrete
19.3
Asphalt
3.9
Ha udl
36.0
Ha kel
72.0
Total Shear force
131.2
Design SF
1.1 x Total SF
1.1 x
131.2
144.3 kN
Reference
Description
Out put
1.3 Design for bending(ULS)
BS 5400
Part 4: 1990
Design BM
144.3
kNm/m
Thickness of the Abutment
350
mm
cover
50
mm
Diametre of main(vertical) R/F
16
mm
Characteristic strength of concrete, fcu
30
N/mm2
Effective depth, d
292
mm
cl.5.4.2
BS 5400
Part 4: 1990
M = (0.87fy)Asz
equation 1
cl.5.3.2.3
Z= (1 - 1.1fyAs/ fcubd) d
equation 5
From these two equations
Z= 0.5d [1+ (1-5M/fcubd2)1/2 ]
0.92
269
mm
Main reinforcement
As = M / 0.87fyz
As req =
As req =
use
16 @
0.46
1338
provide
mm2
T16-100 for
100
bottom main
As pro =
2011
mm2
direction
Reference
Description
Out put
1.4 Design for Shear ULS
BS 5400
Design Shear force at the face
144.3
kN/m
Effective depth, d
292
mm
Design shear stress, v
V / bd
144.287*1000/(1000*292)
0.75X(fcu)1/2
or
4.75 (minimum)
v
Part 4: 1990
5.3.3.1
0.49
N/mm2
4.11
N/mm
<
4.11
Hence O.K
equation 8
BS 5400
Part 4: 1990
Allow. shear resistance
(0.27/gm)(100As/bwd)
xs
(500/d)1/4
Where, depth ratio,
5.3.3.2
xsvc =
=
1/3
(fcu)
1/3
xs
0.7 (max)
or
1.14
(0.27/1.25)(100*2011/1000*292)^(1/3)*(30)^(1/3)*1.14
2
0.68 N/mm
v
Hence O.K
<
0.68
Reference
Description
Out put
1.5 Design for crack width and check stress at SLS
Design crack width
5.8.8.2
As Provided
2011
mm /m
eq : 24
1000
mm
292
mm
0.007
Es
200
kN/mm2
Ec
14
kN/mm2
BS 5400
3acrm
1+2(acr-cnom)/(h-dc)
Part 4
Depth of
concrete in
compression
dc/d
dc
Es/Ec
14.29
er [(1+2/aer)1/2-1]
103.9
mm
d-dc/3
257
105.84
mm
Check for stress levels
BS 5400
Bending moment at
Part 4
serviceability limit state
(Ms)
kNm/m
Table 2
sc
sca
sc
2Ms/bzdc
7.91
0.5 * Fcu
15
<
Hence ok
sca
N/mm2
N/mm2
Reference
Description
sse
Ms/zAs
2
205 N/mm
=
ssa
0.75 * fy
2
345 N/mm
=
sse
Out put
ssa
<
Hence ok
em
e1-e
{(3.8).bt.h.(a'-dc)/(es.As.(h-dc)}.{(1-Mq/Mg).10-9}
e1
sse
Es
(depth-dc)
(d-dc)
(Mg) =
19.4
kNm/m
(Mq) =
86.4
kNm/m
e1
0.00134
-0.00223
em
e1
acr
=
=
BS 5400
Design crack width
0.00134
[(50+16/2)^2 + (100/2)^2]^0.5 -16/2
69
mm
3acrm
1+2(acr-cnom)/(h-dc)
Part 4
eq : 24
BS 5400
Allowable crack width=
mm
0.25
mm
crack width
Part 4
Table 2
0.239
Hence OK
0.239 mm
Reference
Description
Out put
1.6 Design of main direction top bars
since slab is simply supported hogging moment is zero
but provde minimum reinforcement for top net main direction
assume 12 mm bars for top net main direction
d
100 x As/( b x d )
As
350-50-12/2
provide
294
T12-200 for
0.15
top main
=
=
0.15 x 1000 x 294 / 100
direction
441 mm2
provide 12 mm bars with 200 spacing
As provided
=
=
(1000/200) x x 6 x 6
565 mm2
1.7 Design of distribution bars
for bottom distribution bars use 12 mm @200mm
for top distribution bars use 12 mm @ 200mm
100 x As/( b x d )
As
350-50-16-6
278
provide
0.12
T12-200 for
=
=
top net As provided
0.12x 1000 x 278/ 100
334
top distribution
bars
=
=
(1000/200) x x 6 x 6
565 mm2
provide
T12-200 for
bottom
bottom net As provided
=
=
(1000/200) x x 8x8
1005 mm2
distribution
bars
Reference
Description
Out put
1.8 Check for punching shear for wheel load
shear capacity in lateral direction
Characteristic strength of concrete, fcu
30
N/mm2
Effective depth, d
278
mm
As pro =
565
mm2
BS 5400
Part 4: 1990
12 @
200
Allow. shear resistance
(0.27/gm)(100As/bwd)
xs
(500/d)
1.16
Where, depth ratio,
5.3.3.2
xsvc =
1/4
1/3
or
(fcu)
1/3
xs
0.7 (max)
(0.27/1.15)(100*565/1000*278)^(1/3)*(30)^(1/3)*1.16
2
0.46 N/mm
shear capacity in main direction
from 2.6
xsvc =
2
0.68 N/mm
check for punching shere 1.5 d away from wheel load
perimeter
1.5 d =
417 mm
1134 mm
300 mm
417 mm
1134 mm
300 mm
Figure 2.5 Punching shere peremeter
Reference
Description
Out put
punching shear capacity
=
=
2 x (1134 x 292 x 0.68 + 1116 x 278 x 0.46) / 1000
736 kN
punching shear force (wheel load)
=
=
1.65 x 100
165 kN
<
736 kN
slab is safe
hence ok
for punching
shear
