IJREAT International Journal of Research in Engineering & Advanced Technology, Volume 2, Issue 2, Apr-May, 2014

ISSN: 2320 8791(Impact Factor: 1.479)

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Stress Analysis Of Connecting Rod Using Finite

Element Method
1

Digvijay , Mohd.Ahmad , Ajay Mishra , Karunakar Mishra ,

5
Alok Kumar Panday
1,2,3,4 B.
5,6

tech Students, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Buddha Institute of technology GIDA Gorakhpur Utter Pradesh (India)

Professor (H.O.D.) Mechanical Engineering Department, Buddha Institute of technology GIDA Gorakhpur Utter Pradesh (India)
Abstract

In a reciprocating piston engine, the connecting rod

connects the piston to the crank or crankshaft. The
connecting rod is the intermediate member between the
piston and crankshaft. Its primer function is to transmit the
push and pull from the piston pin to the crankpin and thus
convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into the

of axial bending stress in operation. The axial stresses are

produced due to cylinder gas pressure (compressive only)
and the inertia force arising in account of reciprocating
action (both tensile and compressive), where as bending
stresses are caused due to the centrifugal effects [2]. It

alloy, cost Iron, Structural steel. This was entailed by

performing a detailed load analysis. Therefore this study
has deals with two subject first static load and stress
analysis of connecting rod and second, Design
optimization for suitable material to minimize the
deflection. We used Solid works software for Design and

consists of a long shank, a small and a big end. The crosssection of the Shank may be rectangular, circular, tubular,
I-section or H-section. Generally circular section is used
for low speed engine while I-section is preferred for high
speed engine [9]. This work investigated weight reduction
and the suitable better material for minimizing deflection
in connecting rod. First the connecting rod was digitized.
Load analysis was performed which comprised of the
connecting rod , small and big ends of connecting rod
using analytical techniques and computer based
mechanism simulation tools. FEA was then performed
using the results from load analysis to gain insight on the
structural behavior of the connecting rod and to determine
the design loads for optimization and deflection.

ANSYS Workbench 14.0 for analysis.

2. Specification of the problem

rotary motion of the crank. There are different types of

material and production method used in the creation of

connecting rod. For the project work we have selected
connecting rod used in light commercial vehicle of Tata
motors.
The main objective of this work is to explore
weight reduction opportunities in the connecting rod of an
I. C. engine by examining various materials such as steel

Keywords: Connecting rod, FEM, Stress analysis, FEA, ANSYS

Workbench 14.0.

1. Introduction
One source of energy in automobile industry in internal
combustion engine, I.C. engine converts chemical energy

into mechanical energy in the form of reciprocating

motion of piston. Crankshaft and connecting rod convert
reciprocating motion into rotary motion [6]. The
Automobile engine connecting rod is a high volume
production, critical component. If connects reciprocating
piston to rotating crankshaft, transmitting the thrust of the
piston to crankshaft. Every vehicle that uses an internal
combustion engine requires at least one connecting rod
depending upon the number of cylinder in the engine.
They are different types of materials and production
method used in the creation of connecting rods. The major

stresses induced in the connecting rod are a combination

The objective of the present work is to design and

analyses of connecting rod made of structural steel
material are used to design the connecting rod. In this
project the material Steel alloy of connecting rod replaced
with Structural steel connecting rod was created in solid

works. Modal is import in ANSYS 14.0 for analysis .after

analysis a given the FEA results.

3. Finite Element Method

The finite element method is numerical analysis technical
of opening approximate solution to a wide verity of
engineering problems. Because of its diversity and
flexibility as an analysis tool , it is
receiving much
attention in engineering school and industries in more and
more engineering situation today we find that it is
necessary to obtain approximate solution to problems
rather than exact close from solution it is not possible to

obtain analytical mathematical solutions are many

engineerings problems.
An analytical solution is a

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IJREAT International Journal of Research in Engineering & Advanced Technology, Volume 2, Issue 2, Apr-May, 2014

ISSN: 2320 8791(Impact Factor: 1.479)

www.ijreat.org

mathematical expression that gives value of the desire

5. Methodology

unknown quantity an any location in the body, as

consequence it is valid for infinite number of location in

the body.
For problem involving complex material properties and
bounder condition, the engineer resource to numerical

method that provide approximate that eatable solution.

Table.1 Design Calculation for Connecting

Rod
Particulars

Value

Maximum engine speed

5700 RPM

Maximum gas pressure

37.3 bar

Crank shaft Radius

48.5mm

Connecting rod length

141mm

5.1 Procedure of statics analysis

First of all, we have prepared assembly in Solid Works for
connecting rod and save as this part as IGES for exporting
into ANSYS workbench environment. Import IGES mode
in ANSYS workbench simulation module.

4. Modeling
Connecting rod of Tata Light Commercial Vehicle, market
available is selected for the present investigation.
The
dimensions of selected connecting rod are measured using
vernier calipers, screw gauge and are tabulated and present
in a table. According to the model of the connecting rod is
developed using solid works. The modeled connecting rod
is shown in figure 1. In this analysis two materials
are
used.

Fig. No.2: Equivalent (Von-Mises) Stress

4.1 Material Names: select material

Alloy Steel AISI4340 (present in market)
Structural steel (own paper)

Fig. No.3: Equivalent Elastic Strain

Fig. No.1:Modal of connecting rod

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IJREAT International Journal of Research in Engineering & Advanced Technology, Volume 2, Issue 2, Apr-May, 2014

ISSN: 2320 8791(Impact Factor: 1.479)

www.ijreat.org

Fig No.4: Maximum Shear Elastic Strain

Fig No. 7: Directional Deformation

Fig No.5: Maximum Principal Stress

Fig No.8: Stress Intensity

6. FEA Result
S.no
1
2
3

Type Of
stress
Equivalent
(Von misses stress)
Equivalent
(Von misses stress)
Equivalent Elastic Strain

FEA Analysis
2.3265e6 (Alloy
Steel)
2.066e6
(Structural steel )
1.046e-5

Maximum Principal
Stress

1.849e6

Maximum shear stress

1.0637e6

Fig No.6: Maximum Shear Stress

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IJREAT International Journal of Research in Engineering & Advanced Technology, Volume 2, Issue 2, Apr-May, 2014

ISSN: 2320 8791(Impact Factor: 1.479)

www.ijreat.org

7. Conclusions
Books:

In this paper , Finite Element analysis of the connecting rod

of a Tata light commercial vehicle has been done using
FEA tool ANSYS and are tabulated in a table. The

following conclusion obtained from this study.

1- For the structural steel factor of safety and stiffness is

increase compared to steel alloy.

2-FEA analysis shows the stress induced are lie within
permissible limit. So our, this design of connecting rod safe

buckling.
3- The material used for connecting rod is steel alloy which
is replaced by structural steel .The weight of the connecting

rod reduces, and reduces the deflection of connecting rod.

.

Acknowledgments
We gratitude Director Dr.Amar Singh for their valuable
regards
and highly obliged kindness to HOD ME ( Mr.
Satish Kumar Diwedi)

BIT GIDA GORAKHPUR for his

kind support and courage to write a paper.

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[3].Pravardhan S. Sheony and Ali Fatemi Connecting Rod
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