ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We take extreme pleasure to express our deep sense of gratitude to our project
guide Mr. P. SRIDHAR, Associate Professor in Department of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering, TRRCE For his inspiring guidance and encouragement throughout the
preparation and completion of this project.
We express our heartiest gratitude to Mr. K. HUSSANAIAH, Associate
Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, TRRCE for his
inspiring guidance and encouragement.
We would like to thank Dr. J. PRAVEEN, Head of the Department of Electrical
and Electronics Engineering, for being his support throughout the period of study in
TRRCE.
We wish to express our heartiest gratitude to Dr. K. SRINIVASA RAO,
Principal, TRRCE for his permission in proceeding with project work.
Our sincere thanks to our external project guide Mr. S. CHANDRAMOULI,
A.D.E, APTRANSCO, Hyderabad for the guidance and support pertain to use workshop
facilities and come out with this project work.
We are thankful to faculty members of Dept of EEE, TRRCE and laboratory staff
for their constructive help rendered to us for completion of this project work. Last but not
least, we are thankful to our friends for helping us in carrying out this project.
R.RAJESH KUMAR GOUD
(06L01A0224)
T.VEENA
(06L01A0252)
M.PRADEEP KUMAR
(06L01A0260)
ABSTRACT
APTRANSCO extends power supply to the railways through railway traction
feeders, as railways are one of the bulk consumers. APTRANSCO provide uninterrupted
power supply to railways as any interruption to railways will cause revenue loss to the
transmission utility besides causing inconvenience to general public.
Presently in this project, General layout of the substation, equipment functioning
and the process of arranging electric supply to the traction examined .The schematic
diagram of extension power supply to railway traction substation from APTRANSCO
substation enclosed along with Remote Terminal Units (RTU), which uses SCADA
System and microprocessor based electronic signals. Measures for supplying
uninterrupted power to railways will be suggested for improving availability of power
and for accruing revenue to APTRANSCO.
Organisation of the Project Work
In this project work, Chapter 1 Deals with introduction to Electric traction system
and History of electric traction in India.
Chapter 2 Deals with System of track electrification.
Chapter 3 Deals with Electrical and Switching equipments in traction sub-station.
Chapter 4 Deals with Over head lines and main components of Over head line.
Chapter 5 Deals with Maintenance of traction feeders and protection schemes, protection
requirements.
Chapter 6 Deals with SCADA system and SCADA application in traction.
Chapter 7 Deals with Locomotives and current collection in traction system.
Chapter 8 Deals with Conclusion of the project.
ii
CONTENTS
CHAPTER
1
TITLE
Page.
ELECTRICAL TRACTION SYSTEM
No
1-5
1.0
Introduction1
1.1
Introduction to electrical traction system
1.2
How does electric traction works?
1.3
History of electric traction in India
1.4
Features of electric traction
1.5
Conclusion
SYSTEM OF TRACK ELECTRIFICATION
6-12
2.0
Introduction
2.1
Electric traction basics
2.2
Ac supply Vs dc supply
2.3
System of track electrification
2.4
Description of the AC traction system
10
2.5
Conclusion
12
ELECTRICAL AND SWITCHING EQUIPMENT IN
TRACTION SUBSTATION
13-25
3.0
Introduction
13
3.1
Traction substation
13
3.2
Equipment used in Traction Substation
15
3.3
Supply arrangement for AC traction system
19
3.4
Liaison with Power Supply Authorities
20
3.5
Electric traction glossary
21
3.6
Protection Scheme
25
3.7
Conclusion
25
iii
5.
OVER HEAD LINES
26-42
4.0
Introduction
26
4.1
Over head lines
26
4.2
Third Rail
26
4.3
Main components of overhead lines
30
4.4
Spacing between conductors of overhead lines
31
4.5
Circuit breaker
32
4.6
Air brake system
33
4.7
Maintenance
35
4.8
Methods of current collection
36
4.9
Traction with lowered pantographs
41
4.10 Conclusion
42
MAINTANENCE OF TRACTION FEEDERS
43-51
5.0
Introduction
43
5.1
Protection schemes provided
43
5.2
Bulk load feeder protection
44
5.3
Power factor improvement
44
5.4
Shut-downs of traction supply to be pre planned
44
5.5
Electrical traction protection requirements
46
5.6
Points that will be observed during preventive
Maintenance of traction feeder
5.7
6.
47
Conclusion
51
SCADA APPLICATION IN TRACTION SYSTEM
52-59
6.0
Introduction
52
6.1
SCADA system
52
6.2
System concepts
53
iv
6.3
Remote terminal unit
53
6.4
Types of equipment used in remote control unit
54
6.5
Automatic localization of OHE faults
58
6.6
Safety measures
58
6.7
Conclusion
59
ABOUT OUR LOCOS
60-66
7.0
Introduction
60
7.1
Introduction
60
7.2
Function of the equipment in ac loco
61
7.3
Electrification of traction motor
63
7.4
Existing tractions system
64
7.5
Advantages of Electric Traction
65
7.6
Conclusion
66
CASE STUDY
67-72
8.1
67
Sanathnagar railway traction substation
CONCLUSION
73
9.0
Conclusion
73
BIBLIOGRAPHY
74
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE. NO
TITLE
Page. No
3.1
View of traction sub-station
14
3.2
Power supply arrangement of AC traction system
16
4.1
Third Rail
26
4.2
Shoes and shoe gear
27
4.3
Over head lines
37
4.4
Single catenary construction
38
4.5
Compound catenary construction
39
5.1
O/L, E/L relay on traction feeder
43
6.1
SCADA system arrangement
56
7.1
Block diagram of modern A.C locomotive
60
8.1
Power
supply arrangement to Sanathnagar traction
8.2
Sub-station
67
Basic block diagram of 25kv A.C locomotive
71
vi
LIST OF TABLES
Table. No
1
TITLE
Page. No
Supply to Railway traction from the
Various sub-stations
68
Interruptions occurred on the railway traction
Feeders in the year 2009-10
vii
69
