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Handout For Diffiusion

This document contains information about the diffusion of various gas mixtures through tubes or conduits at steady state conditions, including: 1) Methane diffusing through helium in a tube, with the partial pressure of methane decreasing from one end to the other. 2) Carbon dioxide diffusing through nitrogen in a tube, with the partial pressure of CO2 decreasing between the ends. 3) Helium and nitrogen counterdiffusing in a conduit, with the partial pressure of helium decreasing between the ends. 4) Ammonia diffusing through stagnant nitrogen, and calculating the flux with nitrogen either stagnant or counterdiffusing. It provides the conditions, equations, and worked examples for

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AbdulrazzaqAL-Maliky
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411 views2 pages

Handout For Diffiusion

This document contains information about the diffusion of various gas mixtures through tubes or conduits at steady state conditions, including: 1) Methane diffusing through helium in a tube, with the partial pressure of methane decreasing from one end to the other. 2) Carbon dioxide diffusing through nitrogen in a tube, with the partial pressure of CO2 decreasing between the ends. 3) Helium and nitrogen counterdiffusing in a conduit, with the partial pressure of helium decreasing between the ends. 4) Ammonia diffusing through stagnant nitrogen, and calculating the flux with nitrogen either stagnant or counterdiffusing. It provides the conditions, equations, and worked examples for

Uploaded by

AbdulrazzaqAL-Maliky
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Handout 1 for Diffusion

M.Sc. Akram Al-asadi


6.1-1. Diffusion of Methane Through Helium.
A gas of CH4 and He is contained in a tube at 101.32 kPa pressure and
298 K. At one point the partial pressure of methane is PAl = 60.79 kPa
and at a point 0.02 m distance away, PA2 = 20.26 kPa. The diffusivity
DAB is 0.675 X 10-

m2/s at 298 K. If the total pressure is constant

throughout the tube, Prove that

J Az

is equal to NA and calculate the

flux of CH4 (methane) at steady state for equimolar counter diffusion.


Ans.

J Az

= 5.52 x 10- 5 kg mol A/s' m2 (5.52 x 10- 6 g mol A/s cm2)

6.1-2. Diffusion of CO2 in a Binary Gas Mixture.


The gas CO2 is diffusing at steady state through a tube 0.20 m long
having a diameter of 0.01 m and containing N 2 at 298 K. The total
pressure is constant at 101.32 kPa. The partial pressure of CO 2 at one
end is 456 mm Hg and 76 mm Hg at the other end. The diffusivity DAB
is 1.67 X 10-

m2/s at 298 K. Calculate the flux of CO 2 in cgs and SI

units for equimolar counter diffusion.


Ans.

J Az

= 1.707 x 10- 6 kg mol A/s' m2 (1.707 x 10- 7 g mol A/s cm2)

6.2-1. Equimolar Counterdiffusion of a Binary Gas Mixture.


Helium and nitrogen gas are contained in a conduit 5 mm in diameter
and 0.1 m long at 298 K and a uniform constant pressure of 1.0 atm
abs. The partial pressure of He at one end of the tube is 0.060 atm and
0.020 atm at the other end. The diffusivity DAB is 0.687 X 10- 4 m2/s at
298 K. Calculate the following for steady-state equimolar counter
diffusion.
(a) Flux of He in kg mol/s m2 and g mol/s cm2.
(b) Flux of N2.
(c) Partial Pressure of He at a point 0.05 m from either end.
Ans. (a)
cm2),

J Az

= 1.124 x 10- 6 kg mol A/s' m2 (1.142 x 10- 7 g mol A/s

Handout 1 for Diffusion


M.Sc. Akram Al-asadi

(b) J Bz = - 1.124 x 10- 6 kg mol A/s' m2 (-1.142 x 10- 7 g mol A/s


cm2),
(c) PA=0.040 atm

6.2-3. Diffusion of A Through Stagnant B and Effect of Type of


Boundary on Flux.
Ammonia gas is diffusing through N2 under steady-state conditions with
N2 nondiffusing since it is insoluble in one boundary. The total pressure
is 1.013 x 105 Pa and the temperature is 298 K. The partial pressure of
NH3 at one point is 1.333 x 104 Pa and at the other point 20 mm away
it is 6.666 x 103 Pa. The DAB for the mixture at 1.013 x 10 5 Pa and 298
K is 2.30 x 10- 5 m2/s.
(a) Calculate the flux of NH3 in kg mol/s' m2.
(b) Do the same as (a) but assume that N2 also diffuses; i.e., both
boundaries are permeable to both gases and the flux is equimolar
counter diffusion. In which case is the flux greater?
Ans. (a) NA = 3.44 x 10- 6 kg mol/s . m2

Q6: A gas is being transferred across a stagnant air film at a


total pressure of 100 kN/m 2. The partial pressure of the gas
is 40 kN/m2 at one boundary of the film and 10 kN/m 2 at the
other. If the partial pressures remain constant. Calculate the
total pressure to double the transfer rate of the gas.

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