Applied Process Control System
Computer Control
Lecture -4
Systems
Dr. Ing. Naveed Ramzan
PEC UET Lahore Dr. Shahid Naveed 28. Mai 2002 / Dr. Ing Naveed Ramzan 1
Sequence of Presentation
Basics of Computerized Control
Essential components of computer control system
Advantages of Computer Control
Types of computer control implementation
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Evolution of Process Control
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Single Loop Control (SLC)
Feedback Control Loop
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Single Loop Control (SLC) (Contd)
Traditional Single Loop Controller
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Single Loop Control (SLC) (Contd)
From Traditional Analog Controller to Computer Control
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Multiple loop Control
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Essential Components of Computer Control
Actuators Process
Sensors
Hold Amplifier
Instrumentation
DA Converter Multiplexer
Amplifier/
Multiplexer
Attenuator
A D Converter
Digital
Computer
Operator
Log
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Essential Components of Computer Control (Contd)
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Essential Components of Computer Control (Contd)
Types of Signal
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Essential Components of Computer Control (Contd)
Memory
Slow
Fast
ROM
Central
Communication Processing Unit (CPU)
Peripherals Mass Storage
Basic Features
Printers Controllers Disks
Type writers Arithmetic Unit Fixed Head
Video Display unit Logical Unit Moving Head
Graphic Terminals Registers Floppy
Card Reader
X-Y Platters Options Magnetic Tapes
Floating Point Processor
Real time Clock
Power fail-safe auto restart
Watchdog timer
Input-Output
Interface
Components of digital
Digital Analog computer
I/0 I/0
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Essential Components of Computer Control (Contd)
Plant Inputs : Multiplexing
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Process control computer vs data processing computer
Control System
Figure 1b
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Process control computer vs data processing computer
Monitoring System
Figure 1a
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Advantages of Computer Control
-- all plant data is available at a central point and/or distributed
points around the plant or works
-- alarm conditions are detected and reported quickly
-- plant is run according to the plan set by management, which
may not be the case where there is a lot of manual
intervention
-- displays and printouts of information are available readily
-- changes to the operating conditions or recipes are made in
smooth, repeatable and closely controlled manner
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Advantages of Computer Control
-- written records of all alarms and operator actions are
available for post-incident or routine analysis
-- alarm conditions are detected and reported quickly
-- control room and control panel size is reduced
-- all batches of material are treated identically
-- batch logs are recorded automatically
-- complex start-up and shut-down procedure can be automated
-- safety interlocks can be programmed into the system
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Direct Digital Control loop
Figure 4
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Direct Digital Control loop
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Direct Digital Control loop
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Digitally Directed Analog Control (DDAC)
- Supervisory computer control
Figure 4
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Digitally Directed Analog Control (DDAC)
- Supervisory computer control
Figure 4
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Simplified Diagram of supervisory control
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Centralized Computer System
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Supervisory computer control
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Distributed Control System
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Distributed Control System
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Programmable Logic Controller
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Programmable Logic Controller
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Programmable Logic Controller
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Programmable Logic Controller
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Programmable Logic Controller
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Programmable Logic Controller
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Comparing DCS with PLC for ease of configuration
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Open System Configuration
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Emerging (Ideal) Configuration
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Integrated Computer Control System
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Integrated Computer Control System for a paper and pulp mill
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Traditional SCADA
Field Instrumentation
Remote Stations
Communications Network
Central Monitoring Station
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Types of Computer Control Implementation
Water distribution system using SCADA
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Discussion
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