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BA Economics PDF

The document outlines the scheme of examination for a B.A. in Economics, detailing the subjects, duration, and maximum marks for each paper across three years. It includes core courses such as Indian Economy, Micro and Macro Economics, and Statistics, along with allied subjects like Principles of Commerce and Rural Banking. Each paper is broken down into units covering various economic concepts, theories, and policies, with recommended study materials listed for each subject.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
178 views27 pages

BA Economics PDF

The document outlines the scheme of examination for a B.A. in Economics, detailing the subjects, duration, and maximum marks for each paper across three years. It includes core courses such as Indian Economy, Micro and Macro Economics, and Statistics, along with allied subjects like Principles of Commerce and Rural Banking. Each paper is broken down into units covering various economic concepts, theories, and policies, with recommended study materials listed for each subject.

Uploaded by

mchakra72
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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B.A. ECONOMICS
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION
FIRST YEAR
Paper Subjects Duration Max.
Hours Marks

Core Courses - Main Subjects


I Indian Economy : 3 100
Problems and Policies
II Statistics for Economists 3 100
Core Course - Allied Subject
I Principles of Commerce 3 100

SECOND YEAR

Core Courses - Main Subjects


III Micro Economics 3 100
IV Monetary Economics 3 100
Core Course - Allied Subject
II Rural Banking 3 100

THIRD YEAR
Core Courses - Main Subjects
V Macro Economics 3 100
VI Fiscal Economics 3 100
VII History of Economic Thought 3 100
VIII Mangerial Economics 3 100
Application Oriented Subject
Environmental Economics 3 100
2
INSTITUTE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION
B.A. DEGREE COURSE IN
ECONOMICS

SYLLABUS

FIRST YEAR

PAPER I - INDIAN ECONOMY -


PROBLEMS AND POLICIES
Unit - I
Features of less developed and developing economies
- Economic and non-Economic factors impeding Economic
development - Concept of Economic growth and
development - Factors determining Economic development.
Unit - II
Capital formation - Human and Physical - Savings and
investment pattern during the plans - National Income -
Methods, Trends, Limitation - Distribution - Recent trends
in National Income.
Unit - III
Human resources - Population growth as a retarding
factor - Population policy.

3
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Unit - IV
Agriculture - Its contribution to economic development -
Food problems - Methods of solving it - Measures to increase
agricultural productivity - Land reforms - Green revolution -
Agricultural inputs and agricultural credit - Evaluation of
agricultural policy during plan period.
Unit - V
Role of technology - Its impact on Economic
development.
Role of Industries in Economic development - Cottages,
Small scale and Large scale (Cotton, Iron, STeel, Paper,
Jute, Sugar and Tea) - Assessment of Industrial policy during
the plan period. - Public sector - Privatizaiton - (Industrial
policy 1948, 1956, 1977, 1980, 1991 - Industrial licensing
policy - Industrial Finance Development banking (IDBI, IFCA,
ICICI, IRBI, SFC, SIDCS AND SIDBI)
Unit - VII
Agricultural Labour and Industrial Labour - Trade Unions
and Labour unrest - Industrial Relations - Social security
schemes - Unemployment and employment policy -
Evaluation of Government policy.
Unit - VIII
Transport - Importance of Transport (Road, Railways,
Shipping and Civil Aviation) to Economic growth- Evaluation
of Government policy - Transport co-ordination.

4
Unit - IX
Planning in India - A brief resume of Indians Five Year
Plans - Ninth Plan performance - The Ninth Five Year Plan
1997-2002 objectives - Growth rate targets - Ninth plan
outlay and invesment - Sectoral development profile - Role
of deficit financing - Effects of deficit financing - External
assistance or foreign aid - Role of foreign aid in Indias
Economic development - Problems of foreign aid - Planning
for self sufficiency.
Unit - X
Poverty in India - Poverty eradication programmes -
Regional Development Disparities - Economic development
and social changes - Indias Foreign Trade and Balance of
payments - Exim policy ()2000) - 11th Finance Commission
Report - New Textile policy (2000) - National Agricultural
policy (2000) - GATT, WTO and Indias Foreign trade -
Government subsidies in India - Antyodaya Anna Yojana.
STUDY MATERIAL
1. Dhingara. I.C - Indian Economy
2. Dutt and Sundaram - Indian Economy
3. Jhingan. M.L - Economics of Development and
Planning
4. Sankaran. S - Indian Economy
5. Five Year Plan - Government of India Publication
6. The Economic & Political Weekly
7. Economic Survey - Government of India.

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PAPER - II - STATISTICS FOR ECONOMISTS - I

Unit - I

Nature, significance and limitations of statistics -


Collection, Classification and tabulation of data.

Unit - II

Diagrammatic and graphic representation - Bar


diagrams - Pie diagrams - Histograms - Pictograms -
cartograms - Frequency distribution - Frequency graphs -
Ogives - Lorenz curve.

Unit - III

Measures of central tendency - Arthimetic mean -


Median-Mode.

Unit - IV

Measures of dispersion - Range - Quartile Deviation -


Mean Deviation Standard Deviation - Co-efficient of variation
- Percentiles and deciles.

Unit - V

Skewness and Kurtosis - Pearsonian measures of


skewness - Bowleys measure of skewness - Kurtosis.

Unit - VI

Sampling - Population and Sample - Types of Sampling


- Simple, random and stratified sampling - Design of
Questionnaire - Sampling errors - Sampling design.

6
Unit - VII
Correlation - Limits of coefficient of correlation -
Calculation of co-efficient of correlation - Rank correlation
of co-efficient.
Unit - VIII
Regression - Two variable linear regression - Meaning
- Regression lines and regression co-efficient.
Unit - IX
Index numbers - Simple and weighted - Laspeyers and
Paaches Index numbers - Fishers Ideal Index Number -
Marshall and Edgeworths Index numbers - Construction -
Tests to be satisfied by an ideal Index number - Uses -
Wholesale price index and consumer price index - Index of
Industrial production.
Unit - X
Analysis of Time series - Four components -
Measurement of secular Trend - Moving average Methods
and Methods of least squares - Uses of Time series analysis.
STUDY MATERIAL
1. D.N. Elhance : Fundamental Statistics
2. S.P. Guptha : Statistical Methods
3. R.S.N. Pillai and
V. Bhagavathi : Statistics
4. R.G.D. Allen : Statistics for Economists -
Macmillan India

7
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5. Crompton F.B. and


Cowden. D.J. : Applied General Statistics
6. Hooda. R.P. : Introduction to Statistics
7. Hooda. R.P. : Statistics for Business and
Economics - Macmillan India

ALLIED I - PRINCIPLES OF COMMERCE

Unit - I
Economics Basis of Commerce - Types of Business -
Sole Proprietorship - Partnership - Joint Stock Company.
Unit - II
Office Organisation - Its Methods - Office Appliances.
Unit - III
Means of Instruments - Instrument of Credit - Its Uses.
Unit - IV
Banks Evaluation - Functions of Commercial Banks -
Functions of Central Banks
Unit - V
Agents Rights - Agents duties - Agents Liabilities -
Terminations.
Unit - VI
Its meaning and importance - Various Procedures -
Shipping - Insurance.

8
Unit - VII
Types of Industries - Large and Scale Industries -
Sources of Finance - Long Term Sources - Short Term
Sources.
Unit - VIII
Its Functions and Importance - Allied Institutions for
promotion of trade.
Unit - IX
Retail and Wholesale - Hire Purchase and Installment
Trade - International Trade.
Unit - X
Marketing Functions - Marketing Mix - Advertising -
Salesmanship - Media and Transport - Advantages and
Disadvantages

SECOND YEAR
PAPER III - MICRO ECONOMICS - I

Unit - I
Economic Problems - Scarcity and choice - Definitions
of Economics - Smith, Marshall, Lionel Robins, Samuelson.
Unit - II
Definition of Micro Economics - Wants - Utility - Value in
use - Value in exchange - Demand - Demand schedule -
Drawing demand curve from demand schedule - Supply -
Supply schedule - Drawing supply curve from supply

9
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schedule - Demand and supply equilibrium - Graphical


representation.
Unit - III
Consumer behaviour - Cardinal & ordinal utility -
Marshallian theory of Diminishing Marginal utility - Hicks
indifference curve analysis - Consumer equilibrium using
indifference curve analysis - Derivation of demand curve
using Marshalls & Hicks approach.
Unit - IV
Determinants of demand - Causes of downward sloping
demand curve - Income and substitution effect (concept only)
- Revealed preference (concept only) - Construction of graph
depicting Marshalls and Hicks analysis of consumer
behaviour from a given schedule - Consumer surplus
(concept only).
Unit - V
Price elasticity of demand - Definition - Formulae - Arc
and point method - Derivation - Simple problems and shape
of demand curve - Determinants of price elasticity of demand
- Income and cross elasticity of demand (concept only) -
Price elasticity of supply.
Unit - VI
Factors of production - Production - Shortrun and
longrun production - Law of variable proporations - Laws of
returns - Producers equilibrium - Expansion paths (concept
only) - Construction of graph explaining short run and long
run production functions from given schedules.

10
Unit - VII
Cost - types - Accounting and Economic costs -
Opportunity cost - Cost functions - Short run cost functions -
Long run cost functions - Construction of cost curves from a
given data set - Revenue functions - Total, average, marginal
revenue curves under different market conditions - Conditions
for equilibrium of firm - Relationship between, AR and MR.
Unit - VIII
Market Equilibrium - Element of time in price
determination - Perfect competition - Characteristics -
Equilibrium of firm under perfect competition - Monopoly -
Characteristics equilibrium of firm - Price discrimination
(concept and kinds only) - Monopolistic competition -
Characteristics - Group equilibrium - Under utilization of
capacity - Oligopoly - Kinked demand curve concept only.
Unit - IX
Functional and personal distribution of income - Macro
economic theories of distribution - Simple exposition to Marx
and Kaldor - Marginal productivity theory of factor pricing -
Wages - Real and nominal - Modern theories of wages -
Trade Union and collective bargaining.
Unit - X
Rent - Recordian, Marshall and Modern theories of rent
- Interest - Loanble fund theory - Keynes liquiditiy preference
theory IS - LM Model of interest determination - Profit -
Modern theories of profit - Innovation - Risk Bearing -
Uncertainity bearing.

11
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STUDY MATERIAL
1. H.L. Ahuja - Principle of Micro Economics.
2. S. Sankaran - Economics Analysis
3. Hs. Agarwall - Micro Economics
4. M.L. Seeth - Principle of Economics
5. Storvier & Hangue - A text book of Economics Theory
6. Watson D.S. - Price theory and Its uses.
7. Prichard A. Prilas - Micro Economics theory.
8. Lispey and Steiner - Economics

PAPER IV - MONETARY ECONOMICS - I

Unit - I
Money - Functions and classification- Greshams Law -
Role of Money in Capitalist, Socialist and Mixed Economies.
Unit - II
Value of money - Index numbers - Fishers equation -
Cambridge equation - General evaluation of the quantity
Theory of money.
Unit - III
Monetary standards - Paper currency - Systems of note
issue - Gold Standard - Indian currency system -
Development and problems.

12
Unit - IV
Factors influencing money supply - Money supply and
price level - Keynesian approach - Neutrality of money -
Classical Dichotomy - Real balance effect - Friedmans
restatement of quantity theory.
Unit - V
Inflation - Causes, types and remedies - Inflationary
trend in India - Trade Cycles - General Features.
Unit - VI
Commercial Banking - Types - Function - The process
of credit creation - purpose and limitations - Liabilities and
assets of banks.
Unit - VII
Nationalisation of banks - A Critical appraisal of the
progress of commercial banking after nationalization -
Recent reforms in banking sector in India.
Unit - VIII
Central Banking - Functions of a central bank -
Quantitative and qualitative methods of credit control -
Efficiency and limitations.
Unit - IX
Functions of Reserve Bank of India - Its role in
agricultural and industrial development - RBI and credit
control - Objectives and limitations - RBI and monetary
policy.

13
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Unit - X
Euro currency - Meaning and scope - Important features
of the market - Origin and growth - An evaluation of the
currency.
STUDY MATERIAL
1. Basu C.R. - Central Banking in an planned
economy
2. Chandler L.V. - Economics of money and Banking
3. Clower (Ed) - Monetary theory
4. Crowther G. - An outline of money
5. Gupta G.P. - Monetary policy of the Reserve
Bank of India
6. Gupta S.B. - Monetary Economics
7. Kurihara K. - Monetary Theory and Public Policy
8. Milton Friedman - Studies in quantity Theory of money
9. Seth M.L. - Money, Banking and International
Trade
10. Sen S.N. - Central Banking in underdeveloped
countries
11. Sankaran S. - Monetary Economics
12. Narendra Jadhav - Monetary Economics for India
13. Vaish M.C - Monetary Theory

14
ALLIED II - RURAL BANKING

Unit - I
Features of Rural Economy in India and Tamil Nadu -
Size - Structure and issue - Relative importance of
agricultural, Industry, trade and other activities.
Unit - II
Backwardness of Indian agriculture - Production pattern
in villages - Land tenure and methods of production - Low
yield per acre - Cause for Backwardness - Effects of
Backwardness - Suggestions.
Unit - III
Rural povety - Meaning - Extent of rural poverty - Causes
and consequences - Eradication of poverty - Remedies -
Eradication of rural poverty during five year plan.
Unit - IV
Rural indebtedness - Causes - Consequences -
Suggestions to solve the problem of rural indebtedness -
Steps taken to solve the problem.
Unit - V
Saving pattern in rural India - Causes for low saving in
rural sector - Measures promote rural savings - Mode of
savings in rural India.
Unit - VI
Sources of rural credit - Non-Institutional sources -
Money-lending - Friend and relatives - Government Sources.

15
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Unit - VII
Institutional sources - Co-operative credit Agencies -
Structure of co-operation credit in India - Weakness of co-
operative credit agencies - Taccavi loans - Need transfer of
taccavi funds to co-operatives - Suggestions to improve the
working co-operative credit agencies.
Unit - VIII
State Bank of India - Before and after nationalization -
Commercial Bank and agricultural finance - Weakness -
Land development Bank - Lead Bank Scheme - Connection
with S.F.D.A. and M.F.A.L.A.
Unit - IX
Agricultural Refinance Corporation - Origin and structure
- Management - Critical appraisal - Reserve Bank of India -
Its role as an apex body - Agricultural credit department -
Direct and indirect lending approvals.
Unit - X
Measures taken under 20 points Programme in rural
Banking - Recent trends in Rural Banking.
STUDY MATERIAL
1. All India Rural Credit Survey Committee Report.
2. All India Rural Credit Review Committee Report.
3. S.N. Ghosal - Agricultural financing in India.
4. Dr. S.G. Jain - Indian Rural Economics
5. Dr. S.G. Jain - Economic Institutions of Rural uplift.
6. John W. Meller - The Economics of Agricultural
Development.
7. Mamoriah - Agricultural problems of India.

16
THIRD YEAR
PAPER V - MACRO ECONOMICS
Unit - I
Nature and scope of macro Economics - Micro and
Macro Economics - Circular flow of income - Two Sector
model.
Unit - II
National income - GNP - NNP - Personal Income -
Disposable Income - Real Income - Per capita Income -
Measurement - Uses - Social Accounting.
Unit - III
Classical Theory of Employment and Income - Says
Law of market.
Unit - IV
Consumption Function - Meaning - Keynes
Psychological Law of consumption - Theories of
consumption function.
Unit - V
Investment Function - Meaning - Types - Determinants
of Investment - MEC - Keynesian model of income and
employment determination.
Unit - VI
Multiplier - Static and dynamic multipliers - Induced
investment and accelerator - The interaction principle -
Basics of Income and Employment multiplier.

17
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Unit - VII
Money in the Keynesian Model - Demand for money in
the Keynesian theory - Liquidity trap - Keynesian Revolution
and its application to less developed countries.
Unit - VIII
Monetary theory in relation to underemployment and
full employment - Integration of monetary and output theories
- Patinkin.
Unit - IX
Post Keynesian macro analysis - General equilibrium
of monetary and real sector - Contribution of Hicks, Hanson
- ISLM - Diagram.
Unit - X
Objectives and importance of Macro Economic policy.
STUDY MATERIAL
1. Broo man : Macro Economics
2. Derberg and Mc. Dougal : Macro Economics
3. Dillard D. : Macro Economics
4. Shapiro. E : Macro Economics Analysis.
5. Gupta R.D : Introduction of post
Keynesian Economics.
6. Jhingam M.L. : Macro Economic Theory
7. Vaish M.C. : Macro Economic Theory
8. Sankaran. S : Macro Economics

18
PAPER VI - FISCAL ECONOMICS - I

Unit - I
Definition, Meaning and Scope of public finance -
Distinction between private and public finance - Public goods
verses private goods - Principle of maximum social
advantage.
Unit - II
Principles of public expenditure - Classification - Causes
and effects of public expenditure with reference to India.
Unit - III
Public revenue sources - Distinction between tax
revenue and non tax Revenue - Trend in revenue - Taxation
- Meaning - Sources of taxation - Classification of taxes -
Canons - Theories of taxation - Impact and incidence of
taxation - Effects of taxation.
Unit - IV
Individual taxes - (with reference to India) Income Tax -
Expenditure tax - Wealth tax - Property tax - Estate duty -
Gift tax - Death duty - Customs duty - Excise duty - Sales
tax - Value added tax.
Unit - V
Characteristics of a good tax System - Taxable capacity
- Factors determining taxable capacity - Limits -
Measurement of taxable capacity.
Unit - VI
Public Debt - Sources - Effects of public debt - Public
debt of Central Government - Management of public debt.
19
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Unit - VII
Deficit financing - Meaning - Objectives - Role of deficit
financing in Indian plans - Effects on prices, production and
distribution.
Unit - VIII
Federal finance - Principles - Analyais of division of
revenue, expenditure other powers between union, State
and local Governments - Finance commission - Analysis of
latest finance commission recommendation.
Unit - IX
Local finance - Sources of finance to local bodies.
Unit - X
Fiscal policy - Objectives and instruments of fiscal policy
in a developing economy - economy with reference to India
- Analysis of central budgets.
STUDY MATERIAL
1. Bhargava R.N. - Indian public finance.
2. Bhatia - Public finance.
3. Chelliah. R - Fiscal policy in under
developed countries.
4. Dalton. H - Principles of public finance.
5. U.K. Hicks - Public finance.
6. Musgrave and Musgrave - Theory and practice of
public finance.
7. Sankaran. S - Fiscal Economics.
8. Sundaram K.P.M. - Fiscal Economics.
20
9. K.P.M. Sundaram and - Public Finance Theory and
K.K. Andley Practice.
10. Edited by M. Govinda rao - Development, Poverty and
Fiscal Policy.
11. Sampat Mukherjee - Simple Analytics of Public
Finance.

PAPER VII - HISTORY OF


ECONOMIC THOUGHT
Unit - I
Nature and significance of the History of Economic
thought - Mercantilism - Physiocracy.
Unit - II
Classical school - A. Smith - T.R. Malthus - D. Ricardo -
J.S. Mill - J.B. Say.
Unit - III

Role of Socialism - Karl Marx - Different Schools of


Socialism, utopian - Christian - Fabian - Syndicalism - Guild
Socialism.

Unit - IV

Historical School - List - Veblen and institutional school


- Marginal school and Austrians.

Unit - V

Alfred Marshall - J.A. Schumpeter.

21
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Unit - VI

Keynes and Keynesian Revolution - Limitations.

Unit - VII

Welfare Economics - Pigou - Hicks - Pareto.

Unit - VIII

Nobel Leureates since 1985.

Unit - IX

Indian Economic Thought - D. Naoroji - Ranade -


Gokhale - M.K. Gandhi - B.R. Ambedkar.

Unit - X

Indian Economic Thought - Rajaji - Nehru - V.K.R.V.


Rao - Gandhi - Indira Gandhi - E.V.R. Periyar- Anna.
STUDY MATERIAL
1. E. Roll - History of Economic Thought.
2. A. Grey - Development of Economic
Doctrines.
3. L.H. Haney - History of Economic Thought.
4. Dr. Shanmuga - Indian Economic Thought
Sundaram Development and policies.
5. V.B. Singh - From Naoroji to Nehru.
6. Srivatsava - History of Economic Thought
7. T.N. Hajela - History of Economic Thought
8. Sankaran. S - A History of Economic Thought
22
PAPER VIII - MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS

Unit - I
Definition, Scope and method of managerial economics
- demand analysis - importance of elasticity measures :
prices, income and cross elasticity.
Unit - II
Estimating demand - Forecasting techniques.
Unit - III
Production functions and optimising objectives - Cost,
cost output relationships, cost control and reduction.
Unit - IV
Pricing methods - Full cost pricing, target pricing, going
rate pricing - differential pricing - specific pricing, pricing a
new product - pricing by manufacturers and pricing by
retailers - price regulations - dual pricing - mark-up-resale
price maintenance.
Unit - V
Linear Programming - graphical methods - simplex
methods.
Unit - VI
Profit and profit management - Accounting profit and
economic profit measurement - profit-planning and
forecasting : Break even point.
Unit - VII
Capital Budgeting - Cost of capital - Capital management
and financial policy.

23
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Unit - VIII
Project profitability - methods of appraising project
profitability.
Unit - IX
Decision Theory - Subject matter some proposed
decision rules - Geometric interpretation of the decision rules
- axiomatiration - Newmann Morgenstern utility and Bayes
criterion.
Unit - X
Game Theory - Taking account of competitive decisions
- The zero-sum 2 persons game - maximum and minimax
strategies - qualibrium points (saddle).
BOOKS FOR STUDY
1. Davies & Hughes : Managerial Economics
2. Dean, Joel : Managerial Economics
3. Hague, D.C. : Managerial Economics
4. Mote, Paul and Gupta : Managerial Economics -
concept and cases.
5. Savage and Small : Introduction to
Managerial Economics
6. Spencer, M.H. : Managerial Economics -
Text, Problems,
Short cases.
7. Stokes, C.J. : Economics for
Managers.
8. Varshney & Maheswari : Managerial Economics
9. Boumal William, J : Economic Theory and
Operation Analysis.
24
APPLICATION ORIENTED SUBJECT -
ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS

Unit - I
Economics and Environment - Definition and role of
Environmental Economics - Scope and Significance of
Environmental Economics - Ecology and its system -
Relationship between the Environment and the Economic
System - Environment as a Resource - Environmental
Quality.
Unit - II
Resources - Concept and Definition - Classification of
Resources - Renewal and Non-Renewable Resources -
Definition and Meaning of Conservation Resources - Material
Substitution - Product Life Extension - Recycling.

Unit - III
Energy - Definition - Sources of Energy and their
Classification - Renewal and Non Renewable Source of
Energy - Conventional and Non-Conventional Energy
Resources - Direct and Indirect Energy - Atomic Energy -
Energy Scenario in India.
Unit - IV
Water Pollution - Meaning - River Water Pollutions in
India - Control of War Pollution - Marine Pollution - causes
and extent of Marine Pollution - Air Pollution - Sources and
their Effects - Pollution by Automobiles - Acid Rain - Air
Pollution in India.
25
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Unit - V
Forest and Environmental Quality - Benevolent role of
the forest - Deforestation in India - Effects of deforestation -
CHIPKO Movement - Social forestry.
Unit - VI
Population and Urbanisation - Malthusian Prediction -
Demographic - Transition Effects of Over Population -
Urbanisation - Problem, impact - Trend in Urbanisation.
Unit - VII
Pollution as an Economic Problem - Pollution Control -
L - Moral suation - Direct Control - Regulation - Fiscal
Technique - Effluent Charges - Subsidies Compared.
Unit - VIII
Global Warming - Ozone Depletion - Green House Effect
- Effect of Global Warming Contribution of India Towards
Waming - Programmes in India.
Unit - IX
Environmental Awareness - Environmental Education -
Education Through Environmental Movements -
Environmental Protection - Tiwari Committees Findings the
Environment (Protection) Act, 19868 - The Forest
Conservation Act.
Unit - X
International Environmental Policy - Transfrontier
Pollution - International Investments - Stockholm Conference
on Human Environment - Recommendations - United
Nations Conference on Environment and Development at
Rio De Janeiro Agenda 21, June (1992) - An Assessment.
26
STUDY MATERIAL
1. S. W. Pearu - Environmental Economics
J. Sereca and
2. K. Taussig - Environmental Economics
3. A.V. - Economics of the Environmental
4. Higalte Lidgren -
and Stand - Environmental Policy and Welfare
Economics
5. Paul - The Economics Theory of Pollution
Control
6. Bandopadhyay - Indias Environmental Crisis and
responses
7. gam. M - Environmental Economics. A text
book
8. Sankaran - Environmental Economics.

27

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