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Solubility Questions and Answers

This document contains questions and answers about solubility equilibria. Question 1 shows a calculation to demonstrate that a precipitate of silver chloride will form when solutions of potassium chloride and silver nitrate are mixed. Question 2 provides the solubility product expression for lead(II) bromide and calculates the value of Ksp. Question 3 defines solubility and explains that the solubility product constant Ks is higher at 100°C for silver chloride because more solid dissolves at higher temperatures, shifting the equilibrium to produce more ions. It also shows the solubility of silver chromate is higher than silver chloride based on their respective Ksp values.

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9K views2 pages

Solubility Questions and Answers

This document contains questions and answers about solubility equilibria. Question 1 shows a calculation to demonstrate that a precipitate of silver chloride will form when solutions of potassium chloride and silver nitrate are mixed. Question 2 provides the solubility product expression for lead(II) bromide and calculates the value of Ksp. Question 3 defines solubility and explains that the solubility product constant Ks is higher at 100°C for silver chloride because more solid dissolves at higher temperatures, shifting the equilibrium to produce more ions. It also shows the solubility of silver chromate is higher than silver chloride based on their respective Ksp values.

Uploaded by

Brittany
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solubility Questions and answers

Question 1
Show, by calculation, that a precipitate forms when 50.0 mL of 0.100 mol L1 KCl(aq) and 50.0 mL
of 0.0200 mol L1 AgNO3(aq) are mixed.

Ks (AgCl) = 1.56 1010

After mixing volume = 100 mL


[Ag+] = 0.020 2 = 0.01 mol L1
[Cl] = 0.100 2 = 0.05 mol L1
IP = [Ag+][Cl] = 0.01 0.05 = 5 104

IP > Ks so precipitate forms.

Question 2
A 50.0 mL sample of a saturated aqueous solution of lead bromide, PbBr2, was evaporated to
dryness. 0.422 g of solid PbBr2 was obtained.

(a) (i) Write the equation for the equilibrium present in a saturated solution of lead bromide.

(ii) Complete the expression for K (PbBr ). s 2

(a) (i) PbBr2 (s) Pb2+(aq) + 2Br-(aq) (ii) Ks = [Pb ][Br ] Ks expression
2+ 2

(b) Calculate the value of K (PbBr ). s 2

M (PbBr2) = 367 g mol1


(b) n(PbBr2) in 50 mL = 0.422 367
= 1.15 10 mol 3

n(PbBr2) in 1 L = 1.15 10 20 3

= 2.30 10 mol 2

solubility(s) of PbBr2 = 2.30 10 mol L 2 -1

or directly n(PbBr2) in 1 L = 8.44 367


= 2.30 10 mol 2

[Pb ] =2.30 10 mol L


2+ 2 -1

[Br ]= 4.60 X 10 mol L


2 -1

Ks = [Pb ][Br ]2 2+

= 2.30 10 (4.60 10 )2
2 2

= 4.87 10 5

Or 4s = 4(2.30 10 )
3 2 3

Ks= 4.87 10 (3 s.f.) 5


Question 3

(a) Describe what is meant by the term solubility.


(a) Solubility is the amount of substance that will dissolve in a given volume to form a
saturated solution (at that temperature).

(b) The solubility product, Ks, of AgCl has a value of 1.56 1010 at 25C and this value increases
to 2.15 108 at 100C.

Explain why Ks is higher at 100C. Include reference to the relevant equilibrium equation in
your answer.
(b) Ks is an equilibrium constant for the reaction AgCl(s) Ag+ (aq) + Cl (aq) AgCl(s) Ag+(aq) +
Cl(aq)
and Ks = [Ag+][Cl]
More solid dissolves when the temperature is increased as equilibrium shifts in the
endothermic direction, which means it shifts to the right and increases the concentration of
ions in solution. This increases Ks. Answer recognises that increased Ks value means increased
solubility or concentration of ions

The chloride ion concentration in sea water can be determined by titrating a sample with aqueous
silver nitrate (AgNO3) using potassium chromate (K2CrO4) as the indicator.

As the silver nitrate is added, a precipitate of silver chloride, (AgCl) forms. When most of the AgCl
has precipitated, the Ag+(aq) concentration becomes high enough for a red precipitate of Ag2CrO4
to form.

(c) Show that the solubility of Ag2CrO4 in pure water at 25oC is higher than that of AgCl.

Ks(AgCl) = 1.56 1010 Ks(Ag2CrO4) = 1.30 1012

(c) (i)
[Ag+] = [Cl] = solubility, s
Ks = s so s =Ks = 1.25 10 mol L
2 5 1

ii) Ks = [Ag ] [CrO4 ]


+ 2 2

s = 6.88 10 mol L
5 1

(d) If the concentration of chromate ions is 6.30 103 mol L1 at the point when the Ag2CrO4
starts to precipitate, calculate the concentration of Ag+ ions in the solution.

(d)

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