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CSFB Guideline

1 CSFB Related Features

1.1 Reselection from a UTRAN Cell to an E-UTRAN Cell

Reselection from a UTRAN cell to an E-UTRAN cell is based on cell priorities and

criterion S. The reselection decision method is similar to that in the LTE system.

1.1.1 UTRAN Cell Priorities

Similar to E-UTRAN cells, each UTRAN cell has an absolute priority. Comparison

between absolute priorities of cells determines the reselection to a high-priority or

low-priority cell.

Information about the priorities of the neighboring cells and the serving cell is sent in

SIB19.

1.1.2 Conditions for Triggering Cell Measurement

To trigger inter-frequency or inter-RAT measurements, the following rules apply:

 The UE always performs measurements on the inter-frequency or

inter-RAT neighboring cells if the priorities of the neighboring cells
are higher than the priority of the serving cell.
 If the priorities of inter-frequency or inter-RAT neighboring cells
are lower than or equal to the priority of the serving cell, the UE
determines whether to start the corresponding measurements
according to the following rules:
− The UE starts inter-frequency or inter-RAT measurements if
SrxlevServingCell or SqualServingCell is not greater than Sprioritysearch1 or
Sprioritysearch2, respectively.
− The UE does not start inter-frequency or inter-RAT
measurements if SrxlevServingCell and SqualServingCell are both
greater than Sprioritysearch1 and Sprioritysearch2, respectively.
The values of Sprioritysearch1 and Sprioritysearch2 are sent in SIB19.
In Bharti network, LTE has higher priority than UMTS, so the UE always performs
measurement on LTE frequency.
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1.1.3 Conditions for Triggering Cell Reselection

Criterion S is the same as that used in the LTE system, except that Srxlev is

replaced with RSCP and Squal is replaced with CPICH Ec/N0.

Cell reselection is triggered if the following conditions, similar to those used in the

LTE system, are met:

 The E-UTRAN cell has a higher priority (applicable in Bharti

Network):
− Threshx,high2 or Threshx,low2 is not configured and
SrxlevnonServingCell,x of the E-UTRAN cell is always greater than
Threshx,high during the cell reselection time specified by
TreselectionRAT.
− Both Threshx,high2 and Threshx,low2 are configured and
SqualnonServingCell,x of the E-UTRAN cell is always greater than
Threshx,high2 during the cell reselection time specified by
TreselectionRAT.
 The E-UTRAN cell has a lower priority:
− Threshx,high2 or Threshx,low2 is not configured, SrxlevServingCell of the
UTRAN cell is always less than Threshserving,low or SqualServingCell
of the UTRAN cell is not greater than 0, and SrxlevnonServingCell,x of
the E-UTRAN cell is always greater than Threshx,low during the
cell reselection time specified by TreselectionRAT.
− Both Threshx,high2 and Threshx,low2 are configured, SqualServingCell of
the UTRAN cell is always less than Threshserving,low2 or
SrxlevServingCell of the UTRAN cell is not greater than 0, and
SqualnonServingCell,x of the E-UTRAN cell is always greater than
Threshx,low2 during the cell reselection time specified by
TreselectionRAT.
An E-UTRAN cell becomes a suitable cell when both the following conditions are

met:

 Srxlev > 0
 Squal > 0
Where,

 Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas – (Qrxlevmin + Qrxlevminoffset) – Pcompensation

 Squal = Qqualmeas – (Qqualmin + Qqualminoffset)

1.2 CSFB

1.2.1 Overview

CSFB enables operators to use the CS domain in the existing 2G or 3G network to

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provide CS services while the E-UTRAN only provides PS services. During CSFB, a

UE performs combined attach to register with both the E-UTRAN and the CS domain

in the 2G or 3G network. When the UE is to be performed CS services, it sends an

Extended Service Request message to request CSFB to the 2G or 3G network. The

following-up CSFB procedure is performed by means of redirection or PS handover.

Based on the calls originated and terminated by the UE, CSFB is classified into

CSFB for mobile-originated calls and mobile-terminated calls.

In the early phase of E-UTRAN construction, CSFB, a Release 8 feature, enables

operators to use legacy 2G or 3G networks to provide CS services without deploying

the IP multimedia subsystem (IMS), which will increase operators' investment.

1.2.2 Feature Requirements

To implement CSFB and SMS, the MME and MSC server must support the SGs

interface. The following figure shows the network architecture for CSFB.

Figure1

The MME and MSC server communicate through the SGs interface so that the E-

UTRAN is connected to the CS domain in the GERAN and UNTRAN. The SGs

interface is responsible for mobility management procedures and CS paging, which

are implemented over the Gs interface. In addition, the SGs interface can be used to

receive and send short messages.

A UE in the E-UTRAN originates a voice call as follows:

i The UE sends the MME an NAS message Extended Service

Request message, requesting CSFB.
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ii The MME sends an S1-AP Request message, instructing the

eNodeB to initiate a CSFB procedure.
− If the eNodeB does not support inter-RAT PS handover, it
performs CSFB by means of redirection.
− If the eNodeB supports R9 RIM, it obtains the RAN information
about the target network in Multiple Report mode and sends
the information to the UE to speed up the access to the target
network.
iii After the UE accesses the target network:
− When the LA information differs from that saved on the UE, it
initiates an LAU procedure without the Gs interface if the NMO
type is NMOII, or it initiates a combined LAU/RAU procedure
through the Gs interface if the NMO type is NMOI.
− If the target network does not support DTM, the PS services of
the UE are suspended. After the UE terminates the voice call, it
requests the SGSN to initiate an RAU procedure to recover the
PS services.
If the UE in the idle state originates a call, its state is changed to connected mode.

The following-up steps are similar to those in the connected state.

CSFB is implemented based on combined attach in the CS domain. For details, see

the procedure for combined attach.

2 Test Procedure for Interoperations between LTE

Systems and UMTS Systems

Interoperations between LTE systems and UMTS systems include reselection,

redirection, PS handover (PSHO), and CSFB between them.

PSHO is not supported in LTE TDD.

2.1 Common Parameter Configurations

2.1.1 Common Parameter Configuration on eNodeBs
Common parameters on an eNodeB are required in all operations associated with

interoperations from an E-UTRAN cell to a UTRAN cell. If not otherwise specified,

common parameters on eNodeBs are set on the local maintenance terminal (LMT)

for the DBS3900.

Run the following command to add a neighboring UTRAN frequency:

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ADD UTRANNFREQ: LocalCellId=0, UtranDlArfcn=10833,

UtranFddTddType=UTRAN_FDD, UtranUlArfcnCfgInd=NOT_CFG,

CellReselPriorityCfgInd=NOT_CFG;
Figure2

2.1.2 Common Parameter Configuration on NodeBs

Most configurations related to interoperation from a UTRAN cell to an E-UTRAN cell

are performed on the RNC. If not otherwise specified, all the following operations are

performed on the RNC LMT.

Run the following command to activate the license:

ACT LICENSE:;

Figure3

In laboratories, the license for commissioning can be used. You can run the LST

LICENSE command to check the uploaded license file and license control items

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associated with interoperability between an E-UTRAN cell and a UTRAN cell. If the

license control items associated with interoperability are unavailable, apply for the

license control items and activate them.

LST LICENSE: FN="LIC_ONXXXX.dat";

Figure4

2.1.3 Checking NodeB Protocol Version

Run the following to verify that the NodeB protocol version is release 8 or later:

LST UNODEB:;

Figure5

If the NodeB protocol version is earlier than release 8, run the following command to
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set it to release 8:

MOD UNODEB: NodeBId=1, NodeBProtclVer=R8;

2.1.4 Configuring Neighboring E-UTRAN Frequencies

Run the following command to configure the neighboring LTE frequency:

ADD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO: CellId=0, EARFCN=39000, NPriority=7,

EMeasBW=D100, BlacklstCellNumber=D0;

2.2 Reselection from a UTRAN Cell to an E-UTRAN Cell

2.2.1 Overview
For reselection from a UTRAN cell to an E-UTRAN cell, the following are crucial:

 Delivery of system messages

 Triggering of reselection
 Tracking area update (TAU) in the E-UTRAN
Redirection Category UE eNodeB EPC
Priority- High-priority Compatibility Configuration of RAU is
based reselection a high priority supported.
reselection Low-priority Configuration of
reselection a low priority

2.2.2 Common Parameter Configurations

Confirm the license and configure neighboring frequencies. For details, see common

parameter settings in the previous section.

i. Run the following command to enable broadcasting of SIB19:

MOD UCELLSIBSWITCH: CellId=0, SibCfgBitMap=SIB19-1;

Figure6

SIB19 contains E-UTRAN frequencies and neighboring cell information. A UE can be

reselected to an E-UTRAN cell only when SIB19 is delivered.

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ii. Run the following command to configure the absolute priority level of the serving
cell:
MOD UCELLSELRESEL: CellId=10, SPriority=6;

The SPriority parameter must be set based on test requirements.

Run the following command to verify reselection-related parameter settings:

LST UCELLSELRESEL: CellId=10;

iii. Run the following command to configure the UE inactivity timer:

SET UPSINACTTIMER: PsInactTmrForInt=10, ProtectTmrForInt=10,

PsInactTmrForBac=10, ProtectTmrForBac=10;

Figure7

2.2.3 Coverage-based High-Priority Reselection from a UTRAN Cell to an E-

UTRAN Cell
2. Parameter Setting

Run the following command to set the LTE priority that is higher than the UMTS

priority:

MOD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO: CellId=10, EARFCN=39000, NPriority=7;

3. Typical Test Procedure

i. Run the following command to configure the neighboring E-UTRAN frequency:

Run the following command to set the priority level of the neighboring E-UTRAN

frequency to 7:

MOD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO: CellId=10, EARFCN=39000, NPriority=7;

Based on the parameter settings, the related parameter values are calculated as

follows:

 ThdToHigh = 2 x 2 = 4 dB
 ThdToLow = 2 x 2 = 4 dB
 EQrxlevmin = –70 x 2 = –140 dB
ii. Run the following command to configure SIB19 delivery:

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MOD UCELLSIBSWITCH: CellId=0, SibCfgBitMap=SIB19-1;

iii. Run the following command to query parameter settings related to reselection:
LST UCELLSELRESEL: CellId=10;

Based on the previous configurations and Ec/N0, the reselection-related thresholds

are determined as follows:

 SsearchRat = 2 x 2 = 4 dB
 ThdPrioritySearch1 (RSCP threshold) = 2 x 2 = 4 dB
 ThdPrioritySearch2 (Ec/No threshold) = 2 x 2 = 4 dB
 ThdServingLow = 1 x 2 = 2 dB
 The UTRAN reselection priority level is 6.
iv. Run the following command to adjust the UE inactivity timer so that the UE can
enter the idle state.
SET UPSINACTTIMER: PsInactTmrForInt=10, ProtectTmrForInt=10,

PsInactTmrForBac=10, ProtectTmrForBac=10;

v. Adjust VAM to trigger reselection from a UTRAN cell to an E-UTRAN cell:

E-UTRAN cells configured with high priorities are searched continuously. If the value

of SrxlevnonServingCell,x is greater than the value of Threshx,high, reselection is triggered.

The value of Srvlev can be calculated in the following formula:

Srvlev= Qrxlevmeas – (Qrxlevmin + Qrxlevminoffset) – Pcompensation

Therefore,

Qrxlevmeas(RSRP) > Qrxlevmin + TreshHigh

Namely, a UE is reselected from a UTRAN cell to an E-UTRAN cell when RSRP is

greater than –136 dB.

2.3 CSFB from an E-UTRAN Cell to a UTRAN Cell

2.3.1 Overview
CSFB from an E-UTRAN cell to a UTRAN cell is supported when both of the

following conditions are met:

 UEs are attached to both the E-UTRAN and the UTRAN.

 The SGs interface is configured.
Based on CSFB triggering modes, CSFB is classified into CSFB for mobile-

originated calls and CSFB for mobile-terminated calls. CSFB can be implemented by

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means of redirection and PSHO (TDD not support PSHO till now).

2.3.2 Parameter Setting

CSFB is performed between an E-UTRAN cell and the CS domain of a UTRAN.

Therefore, CSFB-related parameters must be set both on the E-UTRAN and on the

UTRAN.

The SGs interface must be properly configured so that a UE can be attached to the

E-UTRAN and UTRAN/GERAN simultaneously.

Configure UMTS frequencies based on common parameter settings on the E-

UTRAN.

i. Configuring CSFB Algorithms

Run the following command to enable CSFB on the UTRAN:

MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH:HOALGOSWITCH=UtranCsfbSwitch-1;

Figure8

CSFB is subject to algorithm switches and UE support. If the base station and the

UE support PSHO, CSFB is implemented based on PSHO. Otherwise, CSFB is

implemented based on redirection, regardless of whether redirection is enabled.

The blind-handover switch and UE measurement capabilities determine whether

handovers and redirection are performed based on measurement results. If the

blind-handover switch is turned on, CSFB is performed based on blind handovers. If

the blind-handover switch is turned off, CSFB is performed based on UE

measurement capabilities.

In LTE TDD systems, UEs support only blind redirection. Therefore, only blind-

redirection-based CSFB is supported in LTE TDD systems.

In a test, the UE inactivity timer can be configured to meet test requirements.

ii. Setting Redirection-associated Parameters

Configurations are similar for CSFB-oriented redirection and common redirection.

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The neighboring cells of the target UTRAN cell, neighboring frequencies, and

external cells must be configured.

During non-measurement-based redirection, the target RAN and cell of CSFB are

selected based on RAT priorities and the blind-redirection priorities of neighboring

cells. Run the following command to configure the highest priority for the UTRAN

cell:

MOD

CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCFG:CNOPERATORID=0,INTERRATHIGHESTPRI=UTRA

N,INTERRATSECONDPRI=GERAN;

After the previous configuration, CSFB can be performed to an UTRAN cell in

priority.

2.3.3 Typical Test Procedure

i. Configuring Redirection Algorithms

Configure redirection algorithms in the same methods as described previously.

ii. Using an UE to Enter the E-UTRAN

After the UE enters the E-UTRAN, construct different scenarios for CSFB using the

following methods:

 Configuring the UE inactivity timer

 Establishing multiple bearers
 Performing continuous services
iii. Initiating a Call to Trigger CSFB

Currently we use Huawei P1 handset to trigger the CSFB when the WCDMA/LTE

mode is selected.

3. Fast retrun to LTE Configuration:

Need to enable the following Switch in RNC for Fast Return.

HO_UMTS_TO_LTE_FAST_RETURN_SWITCH under the HoSwitch parameter is

the
switch for UMTS-to-LTE fast return.

SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH:

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HoSwitch=HO_UMTS_TO_LTE_FAST_RETURN_SWITCH-1;

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