Essential Mathematics 30s
Strand
Drawing and Design
Learning Outcomes:
Model and draw 3-D objects and their views
Draw a 2-D representation of a 3-D object.
Draw, using isometric dot paper, a 3-D object.
Draw to scale top, front, and side views of a 3-D object.
Construct a model of a 3-D object, given the top, front, and side
views.
Draw a 3-D object, given the top, front, and side views.
Determine if views of a 3-D object represent the object, and explain
the reasoning.
Identify the point of perspective of a one-point perspective drawing
of a 3-D object.
Draw a one-point perspective view of a 3-D object.
Draw and describe exploded views, component parts, and scale diagrams
of simple 3-D objects.
Draw the component parts of an exploded diagram, and explain their
relationship to the original 3-D object.
Sketch an exploded view of a 3-D object to represent the component
parts.
Draw to scale the component parts of a 3-D object.
Sketch a 2-D representation of a 3-D object, given its exploded view.
Solve a contextual problem that involves scale.
Working with Scales
What is a scale?
Ex. 1 cm:1m means, 1 cm on the diagram represents 1m in real life
1 cm = 1m
Scales are represented as ________________ of two numbers:
Ex. 1:2 1:200 1:72 1:1000
Diagram Length : Real Length
Scales can also include ______________ of measure
Ex. 1cm: 1m 1cm: 1km
Diagram Unit : Real Unit
Scales can also be given as ___________________
Ex. 1cm =10m 1=50 1=32
Diagram Distance = Real Distance
Using Scales
We can use scales to ________________ between real life and
drawing/diagram lengths.
To use a scale we must set up a ratio.
Example 1 – Finding Model Length
A box car on a train has a length of 50 feet (600 inches). If we were to make
a 1:87 scale model of the box car, how long would the box car be?
Example 2 – Finding Real
A model of the Millennium Falcon measures 48.26 cm in length. How long is
the Millennium Falcon?
Example 3 – Finding Scale
It is 325m in a straight line from here to Vicky’s. If the distance from here to
Vicky’s on a map is 5 cm, what is the scale of this map?
If you are scaling up from a smaller figure to a larger one, use the ratio:
Scale Factor = Larger Length : Smaller Length
If you are scaling down from a larger figure to a small one, use the ratio:
Scale Factor = Smaller Length: Larger Length
Determining Scale Factor
Scaling Up:
Larger Length
Smaller Length
Ex. S=180/36
Orthographic Projections/ Isometric Perspective Notes
Being Technical
Precise
Clean and Neat
Detailed
How?
Using rulers, pencils, appropriate dot paper
Orthographic Projections
Orthographic Projections are used to represent a 2 dimensional (2D)
view of a 3 dimensional (3D) object
They show what an object looks like from the ______, the _______,
and a _________ (left or right).
When all 3 of these projections are shown it is called an
____________________________.
Examples.
Your turn
Draw an orthographic multi-view of this object. Make sure to label each
view.
Activity: Click Blocks
Get into groups of 4
Each person in each group needs 6 blocks, a ruler, pencil, and paper
(graph if you have)
Each person will use their blocks to make a shape
Pass your shape to one person in your group
Create a orthographic multi-view for the shape you received, label
each view (top, front, side)
Make sure that you are drawing each block (show where the blocks
connect)
Pass the shape you have to the person to your right
Repeat until you have drawn everyone in your group’s shapes
Isometric Perspective
Isometric 3-D drawings simulate _________ by _____________the
object and drawing the “depth” at an___________ on the page.
We can use ______________________ to help us make these
drawings.
Use isometric dot paper to draw a cube.
Now try drawing this object.
Practice
Pg 76-77, #1-10
Pg. 82-83, #1-4
Assignment #2
Component Diagrams/ Exploded Diagrams
Component Diagrams
• Component Diagrams show all of the ____________ that are used to
build something.
• Think: a graphical list of parts.
• Can be _____________ or ___________
• The list of items shows ____________ of each piece is present in the
object
Your Turn!
Make a component diagram of this object
Exploded Diagrams (Views)
Exploded Diagrams are very much like component diagrams, but they
show how the parts ________________.
Because they show how the parts go together, exploded diagrams
are in _____________.
_______________ -__________________ diagrams are very often
used in assembly instructions.
Like Lego, or Ikea!
An exploded view diagram is:
They are often used to show the sequence of steps for assembling an
object
They are usually shown as a set of isometric drawing
They often have lines indicating where the parts fit together
Your Turn!
Draw an exploded view (as best as you can) of this chair
Assignment #3
One-Point Perspective Notes
One-Point Perspective
This is done by using a _________________.
A vanishing point is a point toward which parallel lines appear to
____________________________________.
Identifying the Vanishing Point
To find the vanishing point:
Extend straight lines on the picture or object by drawing them
further then they exist
Continue to draw straight lines on top of other straight lines
The _____________________ of these lines is the vanishing point
Where is the vanishing point?
Drawing Using One-Point Perspective
• Draw the face of the shape on your page
• Choose a spot in the background to be your vanishing point
• Draw a straight line from each corner of the face to the vanishing
point
• Draw lines parallel to the face between the lines drawn towards the
vanishing point
• Connect the corners of the parallel lines and the corners of the face
• Erase what would be hidden from the shape, the vanishing point, and
the vanishing lines
Ex. Draw a cube using one-point perspective.
Your Turn
Try to draw a triangular prism using one-point perspective.
Point of Perspective
The point of perspective is the ___________ from which an ____________
is being _______________.
Another way to think of this is the _____________ of the ______________
in relation to the object.
Pg. 88-89. #2,3,5
Assignment #4
