Differential Equation

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JEE MAINS PATTERN

Mathematics : Differential Equation

Practice Paper – 01
ANSWER KEY
1. (B) 11. (B) 21. (A)
2. (D) 12. (C) 22. (C)
3. (D) 13. (A) 23. (A)
4. (D) 14. (C) 24. (B)
5. (D) 15. (A) 25. (A)
6. (C) 16. (A) 26. (A)
7. (B) 17. (A) 27. (A)
8. (C) 18. (B) 28. (C)
9. (A) 19. (A) 29. (B)
10. (D) 20. (B) 30. (B)

Hints and Solutions

1. We have, IF  sin x

e
p dx
  sin x

  P dx  logsin x
d
 P  logsin x   cot x
dx

x dx  y dy y3
2. We have, 
x dx  y dy x3

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
   y
d x 3/2  d y3/2 3/2

dx   dy  x
3/2 3/2 3/2

du  dv v
  , where u  x 3/2 and v  y3/2
du  dv u
 u du  u dv  v du  v dv

 u du  v dv  v du  u dv

u du  v dv v du  u dv
 
u 2  v2 u 2  v2



d u 2  v2   2d tan 1 
v
 
u v
2 2
u
On integrating, we get

  v
log u 2  v2  2 tan 1    c
u
3/2

1
2
 y
log x 3  y3  tan 1  
x

c
2

2
 dy 
3. We have, y 1     c
 dx 

  dy 2 
2 
 y 1      c2
  dx  
 
2
2  dy 
 y    y2  c2
 dx 
Clearly, it is a differential equation of degree 2.
dy
4. The equation of the tangent at any point P  x, y  is Y  y   X  x .
dx

 dx   dy 
This cuts the coordinate axes at A  x  y , 0  and B  0, y  x  .
 dy   dx 

It is given that P  x, y  is the mid point of AB.

dx dy
 xy  2x and y  x  2y
dy dx

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 Differential Equation
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dx dy
 xy  0 and yx 0
dy dx

 x dy  y dx  0 and y dx  x dy  0

 d  xy   0  xy  c

Clearly, it represents a rectangular hyperbola.

5. cos x dy  y  sin x  y  dx

dy
 y tan x  y 2 sec x
dx
1 dy 1
 tan x   sec x ………..(i)
y2 dx y

1 1 dy dt
Let t   2 
y y dx dx
From equations (i)
dt dt
  t tan x   sec x    tan x  t  sec x
dx dx

I.F.  e  e
tan x dx log sec x
sec x

1
Solution: t  I.F     I.F  sec x dx  sec x  tan x  c
y

dx x 1
6.  2 3
dy y y
1
 dy 
1
y2
I.F.  e e y

1 1
 1 
So x.e y
  3 e y dy
y

1 1
Let  t  2 dy  dt
y y
1 1
 1 
 I    te dt  e  te  e
t t t y
 e y c
y

1
 x  1  c.e1/ 
y

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 Differential Equation
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Since y 1  1

1
 c
e
1 1 1/y
 x  1  .e
y e
7. The equation of the tangent at P(x, y) to the curve is
dy
Yy X  x
dx

Since, it passes through (0, y3 )

dy
 y3  y  0  x 
dx

dy dx y2  1 c
     2
y3  y x y2 x

 
 x 2 y2  1  cy2

x dy
8.  y  log y  log x  1
dx

dy y   y  
 log    1
dx x   x  

Put y = vx
dy x dv x dv
 v  v  v  log v  1
dx dx dx
x dv dv dx
 v log v  
dx v log v x

Put log v  z

1 dz dx
dv  dz  
v z x
ln z  ln x  ln c

 y
z  cx or log v  cx or log    cx.
x

9. Equation of the circle is x 2  y2  4 and equation of the line is x = 1.

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2 2
Required area = area ABCDA  2 y dx  2 4  x 2 dx
1 1

2
 x 22  x 2 22 
1 x
 2  sin 
 2 2 2
1

 3  1   4  3 3
 0  2sin 1 1  2   2sin 1     sq. unit
 2  2   3

 y1  y2 dx
2
10. Required area  
1/2

2 
2
 x
 log x dx
1/2


 4  2   5 log 2  3 sq unit
log 2 2 2

11. We have, xy  cex  be x  x 2 ………(i)

On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get

dy
x  y  ce x  be x  2x …….(ii)
dx
On differentiating again,

d 2 y dy
x 2
  ce x  be x  2  xy  x 2  2 [Using Eq. (i)]
dx dx
Hence, the required differentiable equation is

d 2 y dy
x 2  xy  x 2  2  0
dx dx
The order of this differential equation is 2 and degree 1.
Hence, (B) is the correct answer

12. We have, y  c1 cos  2x  c2    c3  c4  a x c5  c6 sin  x  c7 

 c1 cos  2x  c2   c8.a c5 .a x  c6 sin  x  c7 

where c3  c4  c8

Since, the above relation contains five arbitrary constants, so the order of the
differential equation satisfying it, is 5.

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Hence, (C) is the correct answer.

13. Put x 2  sin , y2  sin 

 Given equation reduces to cos   cos   a  sin   sin  

              
 2cos   cos    2a cos   sin  
 2   2   2   2 

   
 cot  a
 2 

     2cot 1 a

 sin 1 x 2  sin 1 y2  2cot 1 a

On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get

1 1 dy
.2x  .2y 0
1  x4 1  y4 dx

dy x 1  y 4
 
dx y 1  x 4
which is a differential equation of first order and first degree.
Hence, (A) is the correct answer

14. We have, y  ex  Acos x  Bsin x  ……..(i)

On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get

dy
 e x  A cos x  Bsin x   e x  Asin x  Bcos x 
dx

 y  ex  Asin x  Bcos x  [From Eq. (i)] ……..(ii)

On differentiating again,

d 2 y dy x
2
  e  A cos x  Bsin x   e x  Asin x  Bcos x 
dx dx

dy  dy 
  y    y [From Eqs. (i) and (ii)]
dx  dx 

d2 y dy
 2  2  2y  0
dx dx

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 Differential Equation
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15. Let the directrix be x = - 2a and latusrectum be 4a. Then, the equation of the parabola
is (distance from focus = distance from directrix),

x 2  y2   2a  x   y2  4a  a  x  ………(i)
2

On differentiating w.r.t, we get

dy 1 dy
y  2a  a  y
dx 2 dx
On putting this value of a in Eq. (i), the differential equation is

dy  y dy 
y2  2y   x
dx  2 dx 
2
 dy   dy 
 y    2x    y  0
 dx   dx 
Hence, (A) is the correct answer
16. We have,  2x  2y  5 dy   x  y  3 dx

dy x y3
 
dx 2  x  y   5

dy dV dy dV
Put x  y  V, So that 1     1
dx dx dx dx
 The given equation becomes
dV V  3 dV V3 V2
1    1 
dx 2V  5 dx 2V  5 2V  5
2V  5  1 
 dx  dV   2   dV
V2  V2

Integrating, x  2V  log  V  2   c,

 x  2  x  y   log  x  y  2   c as V = x – y

 2y  x  log  x  y  2   c is the required solution.

Hence, (A) is the correct answer.

dy y y
17.   cos 2
dx x x
y  vx

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dv
vx  v  cos 2 v
dx
dv dx
 cos2 v  x  C


tan v  ln x  C
y
tan  ln x  C
x
 y e  e
If x  1, y   C  1; tan  1  ln x  ln ; y  x tan 1  ln 
4 x x  x
Hence, (A) is the correct answer.

 xf  y / x  
18. We have, x dy   y   dx
 f '  y / x  

dy y f  y / x 
   which is homogeneous.
dx x f '  y / x 

Put y  Vx

dy dV
 Vx
dx dx

dV f V
We obtain, V  x V
dx f ' V

f ' V  dx
 dV 
f V x

Integrating, we get
log f  V   log x  log c

 log f  V   log cx

y
 f    cx
x
Hence, (B) is the correct answer
dy
19. sin x  y cos x  1
dx

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 Differential Equation
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dy
 ycot x  cosec x
dx

IF  e  e    sin x
cot x dx ln sin x

ysin x   cosec x.sin x dx  x  C

If x  0, y is finite

 C0
x
y  x  cosec x  
sin x

2 
Now, I  and I 
4 2

 2
Hence, I
2 4
Hence, (A) is the correct answer.

2x  x  1
2
ex
20. f ' x   f x 
x 1  x  12
IF  e
2x dx 2
 e x
dx
f  x  .e x  
2

 x  12
1
f  x  .e x  
2
 C
x 1
At x = 0, f  0   5

 C6

 6x  5  x 2
 f x    .e
 x 1 

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 Differential Equation
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dy x 2  y 2  1
21. 
dx 2xy

 
2xydy  x 2  1 dx  y2dx 

 
xd y 2  y 2dx  x2 1 
  2  dx
x2  x 

  dy 2
/ x 

 1 

1 
  x 2  dx
y2 1
  x c
x x

 
y2  x 2  1  cx 
 x  1, y  0

 0  1 1  c
 c0

 y2  x 2  1

 x 2  y2  1
Hence, (A) is the correct answer
x dy  y dx
22. We have, x dx  y dy  0
x 2  y2


1
2
 y

d x 2  y2  d tan 1  0
x

Integrating,
1 2
2
 y c
x  y2  tan 1 
x 2

y
 x 2  y2  2 tan 1 c
x

 c  x 2  y2 
 y  x tan   is the required solution.
 2 
Hence, (C) is the correct answer.

23. Put x 2 y2  z

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 Differential Equation
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Given, x 2 .2y
dy
dx

 y2 .2x  tan x 2 y2 

d 2 2
dx
  
x y  tan x 2 y2 put x 2 y2  z

Now, given expression transforms to

dz
 tan z
dx

  dx   cot z dz
x  ln  sin z   C

 
when x  1, y   z
2 2
 C 1

  
x  ln sin x 2 y2  1

  
sin x 2 y2  e x 1

Hence, (A) is the correct answer

dy 4 ex
24. We have, cos y  sin y  3
dx x x
Let sin y  t

dy dt
 cos y 
dx dx

dt 4 ex
  t 3
dx x x
4
 x dx
IF  e  e4log x  x 4
The solution is

ex
 tx 4   x 4 . 3
dx  xe x  e x  c
x

sin yx 4  xex  ex  c
 x  1, y  0,

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 Differential Equation
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 sin y  e x  x  1 x 4

dy dt
26. y2  t; 2y  ; Hence, the differential equation becomes
dx dx

 e x 2  e t  dt  2e x 2 xt  x  0
   
  dx
dx dz
e x  e t  2e x .x  t  1
2 2

dt dt
2 2 dx dz
Put e x  z  e x .2x 
dt dt
dz
z  et   t  1  0
dt
dt
et 
; IF  e t 1  e    t  1
dz z ln t 1
 
dt  t  1  t  1
 
z  t  1    e t dt

z  t  1  et  C

 y 1  e
2 y2
ex 2
C

 y  1  e
2 y2
ex 2
C

Hence, (A) is the correct answer.

27. We have,
Cartesian sub tangent + abscissa = constant
y
 xa
 dy 
 
 dx 
dx dy dx
 y x a  
dy y ax

Integrating, we get log y  log  x  a   log c

 yx  a  c

As the curve passes through the point (2a, a), we have

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 Differential Equation
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c  a2

 The required curve is y  x  a   a 2

Hence, (A) is the correct answer

dy
28.  k y
dt
0 dy t
4 y
 k  dt
0

t
2 y |04  kt  
15
t
04    t  60min
15
y
29. The slope of the ray 
x
dx
Slope of the normal at P  x, y   
dy

x dx  y dy
Also x 2  y2 
dx
Hence, (B) is the correct answer.
30. We have, f " x   6  x  1

f '  x   3  x  1  c
2
 ………(i)

It is given that, y  3x  5 is tangent to the curve y  f  x  at the point (2, 1)

 dy 
    (slope of the line y  3x  5 )
 dx  2,1

 dy 
   3
 dx  2,1

 f '  x  2,1  3

 f '  2  3

On putting, x  2, f '  2   3 Eq. (i), we get c  0

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 Differential Equation
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f '  x   3  x  1
2


f  x    x  1  c1
3
 ……….(ii)

The curve y  f  x  passes through (2, 1)

 f  2  1

On putting, x  2, f  2   1 in Eq. (ii), we get

c1  0

On putting c1  0 in eq. (ii), we get f  x    x  1

3

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