PETREL COURSE
BASIC SEISMIC INTERPRETATION
INTRODUCTION
Rahmadi Hidayat, M.Eng
MER PROJECT
• Each of you will be given MER Project during this
course as your tutorial project
• This course will also use MER project as reference
so that you can learn the tutorial better
• Every steps of the course will be explained then
you can try in your own project
• MER Project consists of :
– 3 well data
– 1 Seismic 3D
PETREL’S MAIN DISPLAY
Petrel Toolbar
WINDOWS showing “display” of data or
result, various windows to see many kind of
data and model
INPUT, consist of :
• Input group of raw data and interpretation
• Model group of gridding and modelling data
• Result for petroleum engineer analysis
• Templates color template
PROCESSES, consist of :
• Processes workflow
• Case for multiple scenarios in volumetrics, etc.
• Windows displaying the windows
PETREL’S WINDOWS
INTERPRETATION
MODELING
SIM “THE GEOMODELING WORKFLOW”
PETREL COURSE
BASIC SEISMIC INTERPRETATION
SESSION 1 – DATA INPUT
Rahmadi Hidayat, M.Eng
SESSION 1 - DATA INPUT
1. DEFINE PROJECT SETTING
2. INPUT SEISMIC DATA
3. INPUT WELL DATA
4. CREATE AREA OF INTEREST
SET PROJECT SETTING
1. Go to project
2. Settings Set the X, Y, Z and velocity units
3. Put coordinate reference of MER is in Zone 54S of UTM AGD84
VARIOUS INPUT DATA IN PETREL
Various data can be imported to Petrel including Seismic and Well data
SEISMIC AND WELL INPUT DATA
SEISMIC DATA
Mostly in .sgy or segy
WELL LOG DATA
Mostly in .las or .ascii
INPUT SEISMIC DATA
1. Set Seismic Vintage
2. Put position of X and Y coordinates in byte
SEISMIC HEADER
Make sure that the X, Y and number of byte are in exact positions based on Seismic Header
DISPLAYING SEISMIC DATA
1. Go to Windows Interpretation
2. Set to TWT data is in time unit
3. Check the data
it will show in windows
3D WINDOW INTERPRETATION
WELL HEADER
Start and Stop of Recording
Coordinates
Elevation of Kelly Bushing (EKB)
LAS can be opened using Notepad to see well header and what kind of data we have
LOG DATA
1
2
3
LAS data shows what kind of WELL LOG do we have and the units as well
1 2 3
WELL INPUT
1 3
1. Open it from IMPORT DATA, using Las.
2. Match filename and well
3. Match for Log column with log templates, units and description in notepad
WELL COORDINATES AND EKB
4. Change Well head X, Y and EKB using Well Setting to coordinates in well header
RESULTS
1. Set SSTVD, MD or TVD
2. Set “Log Templates”
mostly triple combo or resistivity sonic
WELL SECTION WINDOW
AREA OF INTEREST
1 3
1. Open it from IMPORT DATA, using Zmap lines.
2. Match X and Y coord. And set time or depth unit
3. Display of seismic data and MER boundary in 3D
PETREL COURSE
BASIC SEISMIC INTERPRETATION
SESSION 2 – WELL TOPS
SESSION 2 - WELL TOPS
• STRATIGRAPHY TOOLS
• CURVE FILLING
• WELL TOPS
• DISCRETE LOG / ZONES
WELL SECTION DISPLAY
Well templates and units
Stratigraphy
process
Tools for
Stratigraphy
MAIN STRATIGRAPHY TOOLS
Curve fill
Create well tops
Paint discrete Synchronized well scale
Flood fill discrete
Synchronized well scrolling
Pick up value
Edit well log Make “ghost log”
Create discrete log
CREATE CURVE FILL
3. Open settings for GR in “global well logs”
1. Click on “curve fill”
2. Click on log curve
4. Set min and max value (GR commonly 0 -150)
CREATE WELL TOPS
2. Click on log
curve
4. Make sure you pick 1. Click on
right marker, bold “create well top”
means active marker
5. Change the name 3. You can put
in setting number on well tops
(right click) or drag
the well top for
adjusment
MAKE ZONES
1. Click on
“discrete log”
3. Discrete log will
appear in well logs-
global well logs
2. Choose what discrete log do you want
MAKE ZONES (2)
4. Apply to log curve
using flood fills or paint
PETREL COURSE
BASIC SEISMIC INTERPRETATION
SESSION 3 – SEISMIC INTERPRETATION
SESSION 3 - SEISMIC INTERPRETATION
• INTERPRETATION TOOLS
• TIME-DEPTH CHART
• HORIZON PICKING
• FAULT PICKING
• VELOCITY MODEL
• PRELIMINARY MAP (UNSTRUCTURED)
– TIME MAP
– DEPTH MAP
– DEPTH THICKNESS MAP
2D AND INTERPRETATION DISPLAY
Geophysic
process
Tools for
Seismic Interpretation
INTERPRETATION MAIN TOOLS
Set active horizon/fault
Delete
interpretation (X)
Ghost seismic
Interpret fault (F)
Interpret horizon (H)
Seeded 3D autotracking
Seeded 2D autotracking (A)
Guided autotracking (G)
Manual (U)
INSERT TD CHART
1. Go to Insert
New Checkshot 3. Click Well Filter
Insert Well
2. New Checkshot
will appear in
Global Well Log
4. Click on Well
Setting Link to
well trace of your
well (Cooba-1)
INSERT TD CHART (2)
5. Go to Checkshot
Spreadsheet 6. Make sure well
target is right, time and
depth unit as well
7. Copy and Paste
of TD chart excel
to spreadsheet
INSERT TD CHART (3)
8. Go to Cooba-1
setting 11. Now the well can
be opened in time
domain in nearest
seismic line
9. Check the override
global settings,
10. Promote the
checkshot 1 and check
it and run
HORIZON PICKING
4. Choose the signal
3. Go to Interpr folder
choose insert
seismic horizon
Change the name
Bold means active
Un-bold to deactivate
5. Start Picking
2. Click on Interpret
1. Go to Seismic Interp. Horizon (H) and choose
type of tracking
PICKING TYPE
Seeded 3D
Autotracking good
for bright,high
continuity layers
Guided Autotracking
good for bright
medium continuity
layer
Manual good for
low continuity layers
FAULT PICKING IN 3D OR LINE
3. Start Picking
2. Go to Interpr folder
choose insert fault
Change the name
Bold means active
Un-bold to deactivate
1. Click on Interpret Fault (F)
CREATE SURFACE
2. Put Horizon
3. Put Polygon
/Boundary
4. Set to Automatic
input
1. Go to
utilities 5. Set increment
Make/edit
surface
CREATE SURFACE (2)
6. Go to Algorithm
7. Set type of
interpolation
method
CREATE SURFACE (3)
1 6. Go to Algorithm
7. Set type of
interpolation method
2
8. Go to well adjustment
9. Put welltops and TWT auto
10. Set the method
SURFACE IN 3D WINDOWS
Unstructured Time Map (TWT)
VELOCITY MODEL
2. Put lowermost surface and well tops as well
3. Use Velocity method and data (can be Vavg or Vint)
4. Set radius of well tops correction
1. Go to geophysic Make velocity model
MAKE DEPTH MAP
1. Go to time surface settings
2. Map will appear as TVD unit
2. Click on Domain convert by
active velocity model
THICKNESS MAP
1. Go to Top Structure
Calculator
2. Create formulas
Thickness = Top - Bottom
3. Go to new surface change
template to thickness depth
PETREL COURSE
BASIC GEOMODELING
SESSION 1 – GRIDDING
Rahmadi Hidayat, M.Eng
MODELING WORKFLOW
• CORNER POINT GRIDDING
• PROPERTY MODELING
• UPSCALING (COARSE)
SESSION 1 – GRIDDING
• DEFINE MODEL
• FAULT MODELING
• PILLAR GRIDDING
• MAKE HORIZON
• MAKE ZONES AND LAYERING
• MAKE CONTACTS
FAULT MODELING
3. Right clock on Fault interpretation
(convert it to depth using domain
convert by active velocity model)
2. Go to input
4. Convert to faults
in fault model
1. Click on Fault Modeling
FAULT MODELING (2)
6. Check the fault and
Fault interpretation is
already modeled
5. Go to model again
Do it in every fault interpretation that you have,
if you have 3, means you have to do this 3 times.
PILLAR GRIDDING
4. Set automaticaly I-J direction
1. Go to Pillar Gridding
2. Make a boundary of Gridding
PILLAR GRIDDING (2)
2. Define cell size Increment I and J
1. Double click Pillar Gridding
3. Click APPLY then OK
MAKE HORIZON
3. Go to Faults Set the distance of
fault, more distance means the fault
zone will be larger
2. Insert horizon Top A as input
and well top A as well
4. Go to well adjustment set
to cells penetrated by wells only
1. Double click Make Horizon
MAKE HORIZON (2)
Your Horizon
You can change contour intervals
and else in horizon settings Faults cut the Top Horizon
MAKE ZONES
5. Then we have 2 zones
2. Put the well top between your horizon
3. Set the input type
1. Double click Make Zone 4. Set the building and volume connection
LAYERING
2. Put the number you want to split
the zone, For example reservoir is
about 150 m, split to 30 means we
will have upscaling (next step) for 5 m
each
1. Double click Layering
MAKE CONTACTS
2. Set contact type (whether GWC, GOC or OWC)
OWC
3. Input depth of contact and click OK
1. Go to Make Contacts
PETREL COURSE
BASIC GEOMODELING
SESSION 2 – PROPERTY MODELING
MODELING WORKFLOW
• GEOMETRY MODELING
• SCALE UP WELL LOGS
• FACIES MODELING
• PETROPHYSICAL MODELING
GEOMETRY MODELING
2. Put method
3. Put the surface, in this
1. Double click on Geometrical Modeling case is RMS amplitude to
reservoir zone
SCALE UP WELL LOGS
3. Go to well section windows to see
well log and the upscaled log
2. Put the log that you want to
scale-up and set the settings
1. Double click Scale Up Well Logs
FACIES MODELING
FROM GEOMETRICAL MODELING
1. Go to histogram
2. Activate Property and
Make rectangle for
Histogram
DEP. ENV. FROM GEOMETRICAL MODELING
3. Go to setting of Filter and
define max and min value of
Dep. Env.
DEP. ENV. FROM GEOMETRICAL MODELING
4. Go to Properties and make
calculators to define Dep. Result
Env.
FACIES MODELING
1. Do the upscaling
for facies log
Tips: common settings
for facies log
Most of
FACIES MODELING (2)
3. Select zone which will be
modeled
4. Select facies which will be
confined for modeling
5. Choose algorithm method
for modeling
2. Go to Facies Modeling
FACIES MODELING (3)
6. Set Data Analysis for Modeling in
modeled zone and facies
8. Check the variogram box
(means that modeling will 7. Set Variogram (Major, Minor and Vertical)
use the edited variogram or Tips: direction of major and minor should have
rewrite in variogram in below similarity to paleogeography
FACIES MODELING (4)
9. See the corelation of well
log, upscaled and modeling
should be in similarity
10. See the result and repeat
this analysis for other facies
9. Click OK
PETROPHYSICAL MODELING
1. Do the upscaling
for PHI log
Tips: common settings
for petrophysical
log arithmetic
average
PETROPHYSICAL MODELING (2)
3. Select zone which will be
modeled
4. Select facies which will be
confined for modeling
5. Choose algorithm method
for modeling
2. Go to Facies Modeling
PETROPHYSICAL MODELING (3)
6. Set Data Analysis for Modeling in
modeled zone and facies
8. Check the variogram box
(means that modeling will 7. Set Variogram (Major, Minor and Vertical)
use the edited variogram or Tips: direction of major and minor should have
rewrite in variogram in below similarity to paleogeography
PETROPHYSICAL MODELING (4)
9. Go to distribution 10. Set Co-kriging
- Estimate data range (manually or - Set the property for secondary variable
automatically), method and dsitribution. and method and coefficient.
PETROPHYSICAL MODELING (5)
12. See the corelation of well
log, upscaled and modeling
should be in similarity
13. See the result and repeat
this analysis for other facies
11. Click OK
COARSE MODEL
4. Input initial Grid
1. Go to Make simple Grid
and set boundary and top &
base limit
2. Set Grid increment 3. Go to Scale up
should be coarser than structure 5. Set vertical resolution for Zone
initial grid. and click OK
COARSE MODEL (2)
7. Input properties in initial Grid
which is targeted for coarse Fine Model
model
8. Click OK
Coarse Model
6. Go to Scaleup Properties
PETREL COURSE
BASIC GEOMODELING
SESSION 4 – VOLUMETRIC CALCULATION
Rahmadi Hidayat, M.Eng
VOLUMETRIC CALCULATION
1. Go to
Utilities
Volume
Calculation
2. Input the
contact to fluid
zones
VOLUMETRIC CALCULATION
3. Set N/G and
porosity in
General
4. Set Sw, Bo
and Rec factor
VOLUMETRIC CALCULATION
5. Go to settings, check
property you want to add, in
oil case usually Bulk vol, Pore
Vol, HCPV oil, STOIIP, and
Recoverable Oil
VOLUMETRIC CALCULATION
6. Go to
Boundaries, set
the JTM block
polygon as
boundary of
your calculation
(we only need to
calculate inside
the block)
7. Click RUN
CALCULATION RESULT
RESULT
