1

Complex Numbers
1. Let z = x + yi. Find the values of x and y if (1 – i)z = 1 – 3i. [4]

2. (a) Evaluate (1 + i)2 , where i = 1 .

(b) Prove, by mathematical induction, that (1 + i) 4n = (–4)n , where n  *.
(c) Hence or otherwise, find (1 + i)32 . [10]

6 i 2
3. Let z1 = , and z2 = 1 – i.
2
π π
(a) Write z1 and z2 in the form r(cos θ + i sin θ), where r > 0 and – θ  .
2 2
z1  
(b) Show that = cos + i sin .
z2 12 12
z1
(c) Find the value of in the form a + b i, where a and b are to be determined exactly in radical (surd)
z2
 
form. Hence or otherwise find the exact values of cos and sin . [12]
12 12

4. Let z1 = a  cos   i sin   and z2 = b  cos   i sin  .

 4 4  3 3
3
z 
Express  1  in the form z = x + yi.
 z2 

[3]

5. If z is a complex number and |z + 16| = 4 |z + l|, find the value of | z|. [3]

6. Find the values of a and b, where a and b are real, given that (a + bi)(2 – i) = 5 – i. [3]

7. Given that z = (b + i)2 , where b is real and positive, find the exact value of b when arg z = 60°.

[3]

8. The complex number z satisfies i(z + 2) = 1 – 2z, where i  – 1 . Write z in the form z = a + bi, where a and
b are real numbers.

[3]
9. The complex number z satisfies the equation
2
z= + 1 – 4i.
1– i
Express z in the form x + iy where x, y  . [5]

10. Consider the equation 2(p + iq) = q – ip – 2 (1 – i), where p and q are both real numbers. Find p and q.

[6]
11. Let the complex number z be given by
i
z=1+ .
i– 3
Express z in the form a +bi, giving the exact values of the real constants a, b.

[6]
12. A complex number z is such that z  z  3i .
 2

3
(a) Show that the imaginary part of z is .
2
(b) Let z1 and z2 be the two possible values of z, such that z  3.
(i) Sketch a diagram to show the points which represent z1 and z2 in the complex plane, where z1
is in the first quadrant.
π
(ii) Show that arg z1 = .
6
(iii) Find arg z2 .
 zk z 
(c) Given that arg 1 2  = π, find a value of k.
 2i 
 
[10]

13. Given that (a + i)(2 – bi) = 7 – i, find the value of a and of b, where a, b  .

[6]

14. Given that z  , solve the equation z3 – 8i = 0, giving your answers in the form z = r (cos + i sin).

[6]

15. Given that z = (b + i)2 , where b is real and positive, find the exact value of b when arg z = 60°.
[6]

16. Given that | z | = 2 5 , find the complex number z that satisfies the equation
25  15  1  8i.
[6]
z z*

a b
7. The two complex numbers z1 = and z2 = where a, b , are such that z1 + z2 = 3. Calculate
1i 1 2i
the value of a and of b.
[6]
18. The complex numbers z1 and z2 are z1 = 2 + i, z2 = 3 + i.
(a) Find z1 z2 , giving your answer in the form a + ib, a, b .
 1
(b) The polar form of z1 may be written as  5 , arctan  .
 2
(i) Express the polar form of z2 , z1 z2 in a similar way.
π 1 1
(ii) Hence show that = arctan + arctan . [6]
4 2 3
 π π
19. Let z1 = r  cos  i sin  and z2 = 1 + 3 i.
 4 4
(a) Write z2 in modulus-argument form.
3
(b) Find the value of r if z1 z 2 = 2. [6]

20. Let z1 and z2 be complex numbers. Solve the simultaneous equations

2z1 + z2 = 7, z1 + iz2 = 4 + 4i

Give your answers in the form z = a + bi, where a, b . [6]

 3

21. The complex number z is defined by

 2π 2π   π π
z = 4  cos  i sin   4 3  cos  i sin .
 3 3   6 6

(a) Express z in the form rei, where r and  have exact values.
(b) Find the cube roots of z, expressing in the form rei, where r and  have exact values. [6]

22. The polynomial P(z) = z3 + mz2 + nz −8 is divisible by (z +1+ i), where z and m, n . Find the value of
m and of n.
[6]

23. Let u =1+ 3 i and v =1+ i where i2 = −1.

u 3 1 3 1
(a) (i) Show that   i.
v 2 2
u  π π
(ii) By expressing both u and v in modulus-argument form show that  2  cos  i sin  .
v  12 12 
π
(iii) Hence find the exact value of tan in the form a  b 3 where a, b .
12
(b) Use mathematical induction to prove that for n +,

1 3 i  2
n n  nπ nπ 
 cos  i sin .
 3 3 
2 vu
(c) Let z = .
2 v u
Show that Re z = 0. [28]
π
i
ae b +
24. (a) Express the complex number 1+ i in the form , where a, b .
n
 1 i 
(b) Using the result from (a), show that   , where n , has only eight distinct values.
 2
(c) Hence solve the equation z8 −1 = 0. [9]

25. Find, in its simplest form, the argument of (sin + i (1− cos ))2 where  is an acute angle. [7]
z
26. Consider w = where z = x + iy, y  0 and z2 + 1  0.
z 12

Given that Im w = 0, show that z = 1. [7]

27. (z + 2i) is a factor of 2z3 –3z2 + 8z – 12. Find the other two factors. [3]

28. Let P(z) = z3 + az2 + bz + c, where a, b, and c  . Two of the roots of P(z) = 0 are –2 and
(–3 + 2i). Find the value of a, of b and of c. [6]