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Stats Formula

This document contains formulas and statistical concepts from various chapters of a statistics textbook. Key formulas include those for calculating mean, variance, standard deviation, z-scores, regression equations, chi-square tests, probability, normal distributions, sampling distributions, confidence intervals, and hypothesis tests. Statistical topics covered include graphs, summary statistics, probability distributions, sampling, estimation, and significance testing.

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122 views2 pages

Stats Formula

This document contains formulas and statistical concepts from various chapters of a statistics textbook. Key formulas include those for calculating mean, variance, standard deviation, z-scores, regression equations, chi-square tests, probability, normal distributions, sampling distributions, confidence intervals, and hypothesis tests. Statistical topics covered include graphs, summary statistics, probability distributions, sampling, estimation, and significance testing.

Uploaded by

Nam Tran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Stat 1123 Formula Sheet

Updated: September 2014

Chapter 2 – Graphs
Frequency of the Class
Relative Frequency of a Class 
n

Chapter 3 – Summary Statistics

Sample mean: x 
x  1 x  p 
Index: i     n , where p is between 0 and 100
n n  100 
Range = Largest value - Smallest value IQR  Q3  Q1

Sample variance: s 2 
 (x  x ) 2

Sample standard seviation: s 


 (x  x ) 2

n 1 n 1
Value - Mean x  x
Z  Empirical Rule: approximately 68%, 95%, 99.7%
SD s

sxy 
 ( x  x )( y  y ) r
s xy
n 1 sx s y

Chapter 12 – Regression Analysis

ŷ  b0  b1 x b1 
 ( x  x )( y  y )  s xy
b0  y  b1 x
 (x  x) 2
(s ) x
2

Standard Error of the Est. =


Residual  y  yˆ yˆ  2  RMSE Root Mean Square Error
(RMSE)

Supplementary Notes – Chi-Square Analysis


(Row Total)(Column Total) ( f  e) 2
Expected Frequency: e  2  
(Sample Size) e
Degrees of Freedom  (# of rows - 1)(# of columns - 1)

Chapter 4 – Probability

Complement Event: P ( A)  1  P ( Ac )

P( A or B)  P( A)  P( B)  P( A and B)
Addition Law:
P( A or B)  P( A)  P( B) , when A and B are mutually exclusive.

P( A and B)
Conditional Probability: P( A | B) 
P( B)

P( A and B)  P( A | B)  P( B)
Multiplication Law:
P( A and B)  P( A)  P( B) , when A and B are independent.

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P( B | A) P( A)
Bayes’ Theorem (Two-event case): P( A | B) 
P( B | A) P( A)  P( B | Ac ) P( Ac )

Chapter 5 – Discrete Probability Distributions and Binomial Probability Distributions

General Discrete Distribution Binomial Distribution

n!
Probability Equation -- f ( x)  p x (1  p) n  x
x ! (n  x)!
Expected Value   E ( X )   x  f ( x)   E( X )  np

Variance  2  Var ( X )   ( x   )2  f ( x)  2  Var ( X )  n  p  (1  p)

Standard Deviation   SD( X )   (x  ) 2


 f ( x)   SD( X )  n  p  (1  p)

Chapter 6 – Normal Probability Distributions

Value - Mean x  
Z  X    Z 
SD 

Chapter 7 – Sampling Distribution and Central Limit Theorem

 X  E( X ) X  
X is (approximately) Normal with mean  and standard error Z 
n SE ( X ) / n
p(1  p) p  E ( p) p p
p is approximately Normal with mean p and standard error Z 
n SE ( p ) p(1  p) / n

Chapter 8 – Confidence Intervals

 s p (1  p )
X  z X  z p z
n n n

Chapter 9 – Hypothesis Testing

X  0 X  0 p  p0
Z Z Z
/ n s/ n p0 (1  p0 ) / n

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