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AM I Module 3 Sums (Matrices)

1. This document contains 6 problems related to matrices. The problems cover topics like expressing square matrices uniquely as the sum of Hermitian matrices, proving properties of skew-Hermitian matrices, determining if given matrices are orthogonal or unitary, and finding normal forms of matrices through similarity transformations. 2. Problem 1 asks to show that every square matrix can be uniquely expressed as the sum of Hermitian matrices. Problem 2 proves that every skew-Hermitian matrix can be written as the sum of a real skew-symmetric and real symmetric matrix. 3. Problems 3-5 involve determining if given matrices are orthogonal, unitary, or satisfying certain conditions to be unitary. Problem 6 asks to find non-singular matrices P and

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vikhli sallagargi
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155 views2 pages

AM I Module 3 Sums (Matrices)

1. This document contains 6 problems related to matrices. The problems cover topics like expressing square matrices uniquely as the sum of Hermitian matrices, proving properties of skew-Hermitian matrices, determining if given matrices are orthogonal or unitary, and finding normal forms of matrices through similarity transformations. 2. Problem 1 asks to show that every square matrix can be uniquely expressed as the sum of Hermitian matrices. Problem 2 proves that every skew-Hermitian matrix can be written as the sum of a real skew-symmetric and real symmetric matrix. 3. Problems 3-5 involve determining if given matrices are orthogonal, unitary, or satisfying certain conditions to be unitary. Problem 6 asks to find non-singular matrices P and

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vikhli sallagargi
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Excelssior Education Society’s

K.C.College of Engineering and Management Studies and Research


(Affiliated to the University of Mumbai)
Mith Bunder Road, Near Hume Pipe, Kopri, Thane (E)-400603

Humanities and Applied sciences

Problem set for Matrices (Module 3)


1. Show that every square matrix A can be uniquely expressed as P+iQ when P and Q are
Hermitian matrices.
2. Prove that every Skew-Hermitian matrix A can be written as B+iC where, B is real skew-
symmetric and C is real symmetric matrix.
3. Express the following Hermitian matrices expressed as P+iQ, where P is real symmetric
and Q is real skew-symmetric.
2 1+𝑖 −𝑖 3 2 − 𝑖 1 + 2𝑖
(i) [1 − 𝑖 0 −3 − 𝑖 ] (ii) [ 2 + 𝑖 2 3 − 2𝑖 ].
𝑖 −3 + 𝑖 −1 1 − 2𝑖 3 + 2𝑖 0
4. Is the following matrix orthogonal? If not, can it be converted into an orthogonal
matrix? If yes, how?
−8 1 4
(i) A=[ 4 4 7].
1 −8 4
2 2 1
(ii) A= [−2 1 2].
1 −2 2
𝑎 1 𝑏
1
(iii) Find the values of a,b,c if the following matrix is orthogonal A =9 [ 𝑐 𝑏 7].
1 𝑎 𝑐
5. Prove that the following matrices are unitary,
1 1 1+𝑖
(i) [ ].
√3 1 − 𝑖 −1
1
√2 −𝑖√2 0
(ii) [ −√2 0].
2 𝑖√2
0 0 2
𝑎 + 𝑖𝑐 −𝑏 + 𝑖𝑑
(iii) Under what condition the following matrix is unitary [ ].
𝑏 + 𝑖𝑑 𝑎 − 𝑖𝑐
6. Find the non-singular matrices P and Q such that PAQ is normal form for the following
matrices,
2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3
(i) A=[2 3 6 4 ]. (iii) A = [1 0 2 2]
6 5 15 10 4 1 9 7
2 1 4
1 3 3
(ii) A=[3 2 2 ]. (iv) A = [1 4 3] and find A-1 also for (iv) only.
7 4 10
1 3 4
1 0 6
Excelssior Education Society’s
K.C.College of Engineering and Management Studies and Research
(Affiliated to the University of Mumbai)
Mith Bunder Road, Near Hume Pipe, Kopri, Thane (E)-400603

Humanities and Applied sciences

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