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BE.1 GENERAL INFORMATION 3
BE.2 CONCRETE 3
.1 General
.2 Fiber Reinforced Concrete
.3 Plasticizer Admixture
.4 Architectural Concrete
.5 Post Tensioned Structural Concrete
.6 Penetrations and Openings in Concrete
.7 Anchor Bolts
.8 Slab on Grade
BE.10 SUPERSTRUCTURE 5
.1 Geotechinical Design: Earth Pressure Lateral Loads
.1 Building Frame Design
.2 Global Stability
.2 Floor and Roof Construction
.3 Bearing Connections
BE.20 EXTERIOR ENCLOSURE 5
.1 Exterior Walls
.1 General
.2 Brick Selection
.3 Brick Types
.4 Existing Brick
.5 Parapet Walls
.6 Veneer Masonry
.7 Masonry Thresholds
.8 Mortar
.9 Water Repellent Coatings
.10 Masonry Accessories
.11 Cladding/Siding
.12 Flashing
.13 Sealants, Caulking and Seals
.14 Portland Cement Plaster
.2 Exterior Painting
.1 Exterior Color Standards
.2 Paint Removal
.3 Lead Based Paint Removal
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.3 Exterior Windows
.1 General
.2 Glazing/Storm Sash
4. Exterior Doors
.1 General
.2 Metal Doors and Frames
.3 Wood Doors
BE.30 ROOFING 10
.1 Roofing Policy
.2 Roofing Systems
.1 Low-slope Membranes
.1 Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM)
.2 Built-up Roofing
.3 Hybrid Roofing
.2 Steep-slope Roofing
.1 Slate
.2 Metal
.3 Shingles
.3 Unacceptable Roofing Systems
.4 Blocking and Miscellaneous Carpentry
.5 Insulation
.3 Roof Drainage, Guttering and Downspouts
.4 Roof Specialties and Accessories
BE.40 ROOF EQUIPMENT AND OPENINGS 17
.1 Rooftop Equipment
.2 Roof Hatches
.3 Skylight Structures/Clerestory Windows
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BE.1 GENERAL INFORMATION
The building exterior shall be consistent with objectives as stated in A Vision
Statement for the Planning and Design of the University of Virginia Buildings
and Grounds, as included at the beginning of these facilities design guidelines.
The building envelope shall incorporate materials and detailing consistent with a
building life span of not less than 50 years, with optimized energy conservation
and management, and environmental sensitivity.
BE.2 CONCRETE
BE.2.1 GENERAL
Except for mud concrete, minimum concrete strength shall be 3,000 psi.
Exposed aggregate surfaces shall not be used.
Specifications shall state that positive measures are to be taken to assure that
exposed concrete surfaces are not vandalized before initial set. Refinishing of
vandalized surfaces shall be performed by Contractor at no cost to the University.
The use of wet curing shall be required. If approved, the use of a curing
compound is to be limited where application of moisture is impractical, where
application of such compounds will not jeopardize appearance of concrete or
bond to additional concrete, and where concrete surface is to be finished with
paint, tiles, waterproofing, roofing or chemical seal. Use type 1 curing compound
(except use of type 2 on surfaces exposed to sunlight) applied with uniform
thickness and other recommendations by manufacturers.
BE.2.2 FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
The use of polypropylene fibrillated fiber for secondary reinforcement to control
surface cracking in exposed concrete slabs on grade is encouraged, and is
acceptable for other exposed concrete when approved in writing by the Facilities
Management Senior Structural/Civil Engineer. Polypropylene fibrillated fiber is
not a substitute for reinforcing for structural and expansion/contraction
requirements.
BE.2.3 PLASTICIZER ADMIXTURE
Water reducing admixtures, conforming to ASTM C-494, shall be used for
structural slabs and for irregular shaped structural elements that are exposed as
finished architectural surfaces.
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BE.2.4 ARCHITECTURAL CONCRETE
The Contractor shall be required to provide a sample panel of exterior exposed
concrete walls prior to construction showing all of the required finishing
techniques, i.e., finishes, texture of formed material, sandblasting, etc.
The concrete used in sample panels will be provided from the project concrete
supplier and shall represent the approved mix for strength and texture.
BE.2.5 POST TENSIONED STRUCTURAL CONCRETE
During the design of post-tensioned structural members, the Architect/Engineer
shall give special consideration to the architectural finish appearance of the
jacking-ends, insert requirements, and the tendons/reinforcing steel cover.
BE.2.6 PENETRATIONS AND OPENINGS IN CONCRETE
Penetrations and openings shall be located on structural drawings. Penetrations
and openings larger than 6” shall have appropriate diagonal reinforcement around
them.
BE.2.7 ANCHOR BOLTS
Provide headed anchor bolts, enclosed by two to three closely spaced ties around
the bolt to prevent cracking and/or spalling of concrete.
BE.2.8 SLAB ON GRADE
Slab on grade floors in buildings shall be a minimum of 5” thick with WWF 6x6-
W2.9xW2.9 (minimum reinforcing) for all academic, public use and service
buildings. Excluding public use, mechanical, laundry and storage rooms, slab on
grade floors in residential or dormitory buildings shall be a minimum of 4” thick
with WWF 6x6- W1.4xW1.4 (minimum reinforcing). Those excluded uses shall
comply with 5” thickness and reinforcing stated above. Reinforcing top cover
shall be 1” minimum and 2” maximum.
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BE.10 SUPERSTRUCTURE
BE.10.1 GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN; EARTH PRESSURE LATERAL LOADS
BE.10.1.1 Building Frame Design: Building framing shall be designed to resist Earth
Pressure Lateral Loads internally. Assumption shall be that the excavation
support systems shall facilitate below grade building construction, but in the long
term may transfer partial or all Earth Pressure Lateral Loads to building frame
designed to resist it internally.
BE.10.1.2 Global Stability: In situations of unbalanced Earth Pressure Lateral Loads
against a building/structure, calculations shall be performed to verify Global
stability of excavation at critical stages of construction, whether excavation
support systems are used or not, and for the completed building/structure
condition after final grading.
BE.10.2 FLOOR AND ROOF CONSTRUCTION
Structural framing for research laboratories, and other uses where instrumentation
is sensitive to building vibration, shall be designed for resistance of vibration. The
Basis of Design Narrative shall establish vibration criteria in the Preliminary
Design to be reflected in structural calculations and construction details.
Structures requiring design compatibility with magnetically and electrically
sensitive equipment in research and medical facilities shall be demonstrated to
have structural materials and techniques compatible with such identified or
commonly used equipment.
BE.10.3 BEARING CONNECTIONS
Use “N” Bearing Type Connections (unless required otherwise) for framed
connections with 2 bolts minimum.
BE.20 EXTERIOR ENCLOSURE
BE.20.1 EXTERIOR WALLS
BE.20.1.1 General
The use of metal stud framing in brick veneer exterior walls is not acceptable.
Exceptions require approval premised on detailed information regarding moisture
barriers and stainless steel anchorage.
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BE.20.1.2 Brick Selection
During the Preliminary Design phase, the Architect/Engineer shall select an
acceptable brick, mortar and joint tooling, approved by the Architect for the
University as part of the agreed design criteria, in context with the surrounding
buildings and/or precinct.
If fewer than three brick manufacturers and/or mortars are so selected,
performance specifications for size, type of brick, color, range, strength and
permeability shall be used, citing as the basis of design one or more
manufacturer’s brick products. In like manner the mortar shall be selected and
specified.
The specifications shall require the contractor to erect one or more wall panels
(4'-0" x 4'-0" minimum or wall panel mock up) of the selected and proposed
bricks, and mortar, including masonry backup, wall ties, insulation and
limestone/precast stone trim, etc., applicable to the project. The Architect, subject
to overview of the Architect for the University, will approve the panel for
workmanship and conformance with the approved selection of brick and mortar.
The Architect for the University shall be advised of the Architect’s decision prior
to notification of the Contractor.
Where the brick and/or mortar is to match an existing brick, the specifications
shall indicate that matching a predetermined existing 100 brick wall area
delineated on site prior to issuing bid documents.
BE.20.1.3 Brick Types
Wood mold brick in standard and oversized sizes shall be used on all University
buildings. Wire cut brick shall in general be used for all University of Virginia
College at Wise projects.
Additions to existing buildings shall match the existing brick in size, color,
texture and compressive strength.
BE.20.1.4 Existing Brick
Removal of existing brick for use on additions or renovations shall be carefully
executed to prevent cracks, splits, spawls and damage to the surface integrity of
the units.
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BE.20.1.5 Parapet Walls
All parapet walls up to 3’-0” height above roofing shall be flashed from coping to
roofing. The inside face of parapets exceeding 3’-0” height above roofing shall be
brick faced or faced with an approved exterior material other than exposed
concrete masonry units.
BE.20.1.6 Veneer Masonry
Face brick and other masonry veneers shall be backed with masonry units. See
BE.20.1.1.
Cut stone, rough stone and slate shall be used only for trim, not as the basic wall
material.
BE.20.1.7 Masonry Thresholds
Brick or stone thresholds in conjunction with metal thresholds shall rest entirely
on the building foundation walls.
BE.20.1.8 Mortar
The Curator and Architect for the Academical Village shall approve mortars
specified for Historic buildings.
Color pigments where used shall be premixed.
BE.20.1.9 Water Repellent Coatings
Water repellent coatings on above grade masonry shall not be used.
BE.20.1.10 Masonry Accessories
Water stops shall be built-in rubber type.
Dovetail slots, and anchors shall be used for masonry veneer over concrete walls.
Weep holes shall be rope wicks.
BE.20.1.11 Cladding/Siding
Metal clad buildings shall be used only for utility type structures not located in
the Historic District, Central Grounds, or in view from publicly traveled streets
and walkways, unless expressly approved by the Architect for the University.
Wood siding is an acceptable material only in ancillary areas such as dormers.
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BE.20.1.12 Flashing
All through wall flashing shall be 16-oz. minimum copper or equivalent fabric
coated copper. Other metals or vinyl flashing shall not be used.
All coping flashing shall be through wall type.
BE.20.1.13 Sealants, Caulking and Seals
Color and appearance are to be approved by the Architect for the University as
part of the overall design review.
BE.20.1.14 Portland Cement Plaster
Portland cement plaster stucco, with or without aggregate, may be used for base
and finish coats on masonry, roughened monolithic concrete, and metal lath. It is
often used over exterior columns at the University.
It shall not be used over wood lath, fiberboard lath, gypsum lath, gypsum tile or
other types of base coat.
Portland cement plaster shall be used where humidity, wetting and drying, and
freezing and thawing is likely to occur.
BE.20.2 EXTERIOR PAINTING
BE.20.2.1 Exterior Color Standards
White shall be used, with no exceptions, for all trim.
While the University respects the artistic freedom inherent in the architectural
design process, it requires that all designers work within the traditional pattern
that has evolved here since the early nineteenth century.
A color schedule for all exterior materials shall be submitted for approval by the
Architect for the University.
BE.20.2.2 Paint Removal
Paint removal by open flame shall not be permitted. Where paint is removed by a
heating process, a fire extinguisher must be available at the work site.
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BE.20.2.3 Lead Based Paint Removal
The location of existing lead paint shall be made known to the Architect/Engineer
based upon a performed paint analysis by the University. Many of the
University’s older buildings have exterior lead based paint. Where the
Architect/Engineer has technical cause or concern that lead paint exists on a
project, the Project Manager shall be notified in writing.
Lead paint removal shall be coordinated with the University Environmental
Health and Safety Office.
BE.20.3 EXTERIOR WINDOWS
BE.20.3.1 General
Metal windows and storefront shall have thermal break frames and insulating
glass.
Crank operators shall not be used on operable windows.
Aside from the required use in the Historic District, the use of wood windows
shall be approved by the Architect for the University and the Director of Facilities
Planning and Construction
BE.20.3.2 Glazing/Storm Sash
For all buildings, the use of double-glazing is required, with a vacuum seal and
low E glass.
In some renovations, the use of interior mounted storm sash is acceptable. When
provided, interior storm sash, or glazing, shall be hinged or otherwise readily
accessible for window maintenance.
BE.20.4 EXTERIOR DOORS
BE.20.4.1 General
All main entrance doors along accessible routes shall be equipped with sensor or
push button activated automatic doors. The location of push button activators
shall be coordinated with the Facilities Management Accessibility Manager
through the Project Manager. Use of a mat activator, which has not been
favorable, shall require approval of the Facilities Management Accessibility
Manager. Horton 7000 series that has proven to be reliable and easily maintained
should be one the required manufacturers for competitive bidding. Consultation
with the Accessibility Manager may determine other manufacturers with which
Facilities Management has had favorable experience.
BE.20.4.1 (continued)
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All doors shall have a minimum width of 3'-0" and a height of 7'-0".
Plastic laminate exterior doors are not acceptable.
All doors, hardware, hardware adjustment, closers, etc., shall provide for access
and use by the physically disabled.
See GR.5.3 CARD READER REQUIREMENTS.
BE.20.4.2 Metal Doors And Frames
Metal doors shall be insulated.
Hollow metal doors shall have 16 gage facing skins, galvanized, 1 3/4-inch thick
minimum.
Hollow metal frames shall be 16 gage, galvanized and fully grouted. Knockdown
frames are prohibited.
Other metal door materials shall be anodized aluminum or stainless steel where
warranted by aesthetic and budget considerations.
BE.20.4.3 Wood Doors
Solid core wood doors shall be five ply, 1¾-inch thick minimum. Paneled wood
doors shall be detailed and manufactured to withstand weather exposure. Use of
paneled style door is restricted to the Historic District and existing buildings
when it is in keeping with the established architectural treatment and in new
construction where specific approval by the Architect for the University has been
given in the schematic or preliminary design process.
Metal frames in conjunction with the approved use of wood exterior doors shall
be used in all cases except in the Historic District, or where directed by the
Architect for the University and/or the Director of Facilities Planning and
Construction.
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BE.30 ROOFING
BE.30.1 ROOFING POLICY
Where these guidelines are more restrictive than the Construction and
Professional Services Manual (CPSM) or the Higher Education Capital Outlay
Manual (HECOM) the Facilities Design Guidelines govern. Waivers premised on
acceptable standards in the CPSM or HECOM, or for specific systems the
Architect/Engineer professionally prefers, require approval by the Chief Facilities
Officer after review by the Facilities Planning and Construction Roofing Project
Manager.
While the selection of a roofing system relates to specific project requirements,
consideration shall be given to the University's maintenance of roofing systems
using, on occasions, its own qualified personnel to repair or replace roofing and
related components.
No roofing work shall be permitted before 8:00 a.m. within any student
residential area.
In addition to broad requirements for protection of building occupants and
existing buildings and site improvements, roofing specifications shall require the
contractor to take reasonable precautions to protect building occupants from
fumes and other hazards associated with the roofing work.
Consultation with the Roofing Project Manager is required for new construction
and replacement roofing. A broader “ROOFING POLICY” available from the
Roofing Project Manager provides insights to University concerns while
addressing methods of procurement and/or product specifications not applicable
to Architect/Engineer designed projects for competitive bidding.
BE.30.2 ROOFING SYSTEMS
Design criteria for a visible roofing system are determined by the Architect for
the University. Roofing systems for new construction or additions at the
University of Virginia and at the University of Virginia College at Wise typically
shall be sloped roofing systems.
Obtain primary and secondary roofing and insulation materials from the roof
system manufacturer to ensure a single source responsibility for entire roofing
system.
Minimum manufacturer’s warranty period for low-slope roofing systems is 15-
year, no limit, full system warranty.
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(BE.30.2 continued)
Minimum manufacturer’s warranty for pre-formed metal panel roofing systems is
20-year, non-prorated water tightness and finish warrantees.
Minimum manufacturer’s warranty for three-tab fiberglass or dimensional
shingles is 25-year warrantee.
Low-rise roofing assemblies shall have a wind uplift rating of Class I-90.
BE.30.2.1 Low-slope Membranes
Where applicable to existing buildings or so established by the design criteria,
low-slope membrane roofing is governed by the following material requirements
unless otherwise approved by the Roofing Project Manager.
.1) Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM)
The University preferred low-slope system roofing is a black single-ply, 60-mil
thickness fully adhered system. A reinforced membrane is preferred and shall be
used where there is high grease content of exhaust air at roof level
A ballasted system is acceptable pending Facilities Management approval. Health
Systems Physical Plant prohibits a ballasted system for University of Virginia
Health Systems facilities. Minimum requirements include 10-12 pounds of ballast
per square foot, double-washed, rounded and smooth river gravel, with a diameter
not to exceed 1½”.
A mechanically fastened system is prohibited.
.2) Built-up Roofing
Acceptable system is coal tar bitumen, 4-ply minimum system with aggregate
surfacing for use on heating plants or similar facilities.
Use of built-up roofing on other facilities requires specific approval by the
Roofing Project Manager.
.3) Hybrid Roofing
Where approved by the Roofing Project Manager, an acceptable system is a 4-ply
asphalt built-up roof, with a granule surfaced modified bitumen cap sheet having
a minimum cap sheet thickness of 150 mils.
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BE.30.2.2 Steep-Slope Roofing
Where applicable to existing buildings or so established by the design criteria,
steep-slope roofing is governed by the following material requirements unless
otherwise approved by the Roofing Project Manager.
Exceptions to these material requirements may be applicable to structures listed in
Category HP, HISTORIC PRESERVATION.
.1) Slate
Slate shingles are common on the Grounds of the University of Virginia,
primarily because of matching the significance of the historic buildings on the
Grounds and the basic long life of the material. When designing an addition to an
existing building or partially replacing slate roofing on an existing building that
has slate shingles, new slate shall match the existing.
Specify genuine unfading blue-black slate, ASTM C406, Grade S-1, of size,
thickness, texture, exposure style, shape and color to match existing. Unless
specifically established in design criteria, new slate roofing shall be similarly
specified. All slate shall be hard, dense, sound, and rock punched for two nails.
No cracked slate shall be used. No broken corners on covered ends shall be
allowed. All exposed corners shall be partially full. Slate used at the University is
typically 3/8” thick nominally, with face dimensions of 10 inches wide by 16
inches long. No corner break shall exceed ½” in either dimension. Slates shall
have the following physical properties:
Modulus of rupture: 9,000 psi per ASTM C120
Water absorption rate: 0.25% per ASTM C121
Depth of softening/acid resistance: 0.001 inches per ASTM C127
60 mil, self-adhesive polymer-modified bituminous sheet ice and water barrier,
with slip resistant mineral granule surface, shall extend continuously from outer
edges of eaves and gutters to 30” minimum beyond the line of the exterior wall
below, 30” from rake edges and roof penetrations, and 36” to both sides of
valleys. Use 30-pound unperforated asphalt saturated roofing felt.
Closed valleys are prohibited.
New slate roofs shall be installed over ¾” tongue and groove, solid lumber
decking. Use of plywood as nailing deck is prohibited.
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(BE..20.2.2 continued)
.2) Metal
Aluminum or steel architectural standing seam, manufactured roof panel system
with Kynar finish.
Copper, field-formed double-lock standing seam.
Terne-coated stainless steel, field-formed double lock standing seam.
.3) Shingles
Excluding slate shingles, shingle roofs including wood shingles and shakes, are
seldom used on University of Virginia or University of Virginia College at Wise
projects. Exceptions include in-kind replacement of existing roofing.
If determined by approved design criteria to be applicable, three-tab fiberglass or
dimensional shingles may be used. Any other type of shingle requires the added
approval of the Roofing Project Manager.
BE.30.2.3 Unacceptable Roofing Systems
The following roofing systems are permitted for use at the University only with
the specific project approval of the Roofing Project Manager:
• Sprayed-on polyurethane foam
• Modified Bitumen systems, with the exception of the hybrid system in
BE.30.2.1.3
• TPO: Thermoplastic Olefin (polyolefin)
• Cold applied roof systems
• Roof systems that are torch applied
• Protected Roof Membrane systems (PMR’s), also referred to as inverted roof
assemblies
Application of a new roofing system over an existing system (roof-overs) is not
permitted.
BE.30.2.4 Blocking and Miscellaneous Carpentry
Oriented strand board (OSB) or particleboard shall be permitted only with
specific approval by the Roofing Project Manager.
All wood blocking and panel materials shall be pressure preservative treated.
Power-driven screw-type fasteners shall be used to fasten wood to wood, or wood
to masonry.
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BE.30.2.5 Insulation
Specific project approval by the Roofing Project Manager is required for the use
of the following:
• Phenolic foam insulation
• Organic fiberboard insulation, including use as tapered edges
• Non-structural glass mat face, noncombustible, water resistant treated gypsum
core panels in ballasted roof systems
Maximum single board thickness for flat insulation shall be 2-inches.
Polyisocyanurate board insulation shall have a nominal average compressible
strength of 25 psi. Material provided shall be labeled to show compliance with
this requirement.
Board insulation shall be installed with a minimum of two layers. The first layer
shall be set with the long joints in a straight line and the eng joints staggered in
running bond. Subsequent layers shall be applied in the same manner with the
joints staggered from the first layer to prevent thermal bridging. Fit boards
together with no gaps to achieve a complete thermal envelope.
CFC’s (chlorinated fluorocarbons are permitted in insulation blowing agent only
with specific project approval by the Roofing Project Manager.
Pull tests shall be required for all mechanical fasteners. Mechanical fasteners may
be used for post-tensioned concrete decks or pre-stressed concrete panels subject
to specific project approval by the Roofing Project Manager.
BE.30.3 ROOF DRAINAGE, GUTTER AND DOWNSPOUTS
All buildings shall have a positive means of conducting rainwater from the roof to
an underground stormwater system.
On sloped roofs, adequately sized and securely installed gutters and downspouts
of minimum 16 ga. copper shall be specified, unless otherwise established by
Facilities Management. A minimum slope of 1/16 inch per foot for gutters is
required. A minimum of two downspouts for each drain area shall be provided.
Downspouts shall be securely fastened to the vertical plane, emptying into a cast
iron boot at grade connected to a storm water system.
Where a building is located near tree, down leader protective baskets shall be
provided to keep leaves away from drain inlets in gutters.
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BE.30.3 (continued)
Built-in or concealed gutters are discouraged for new construction. Where used
specific approval shall be in the established design criteria (see GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS GR.3.6) or so amended design criteria. Built-in metal gutter
liner shall be terne-coated stainless steel, non-magnetic, with both sides coated
with a minimum terne alloy. Minimum thickness shall be 0.015-inches (28 gage).
Built-in gutter liners shall have ¾” wide formed expansion folds spaced every
two linear feet prior to fabrication of gutter profile.
BE.30.4 ROOF SPECIALTIES AND ACCESSORIES
Metal flashing, counter flashing, cleats, drip edges, exposed metal trim/ridge cap,
cant strips and exposed metal valleys shall be:
• Lead coated copper, 16 oz. (0.216-inch thick) unless otherwise indicated.
Terne-coated stainless steel, non-magnetic, sheet, both sides coated with a
minimum terne alloy. Minimum thickness 0.015-inch thick (28 gage) unless
otherwise indicated.
Copper sheet metal shall be used for in flashing, scuppers, and eyebrow roof
vents.
Snow guards are required for all roofs with a slope of 6 in 12 or greater and over
all entrances regardless of slope. A minimum of three staggered rows is required.
Snow guards shall be copper, stainless steel or bronze, butterfly type. Wire snow
guards are acceptable only with specific project approval by the Roofing Project
Manager.
Built-in reglets shall be used for all wall-flashing terminations. Surface applied
reglets shall only be used on existing buildings where installation of built-in
reglets is not possible.
Solder all non-expansion joints in metal work.
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BE.40 ROOF EQUIPMENT AND OPENINGS
BE.40.1 ROOFTOP EQUIPMENT
See GENERAL REQUIREMENTS, GR.5.5 Building Systems Access and
Equipment.
Abandoned equipment shall be removed and the decking repaired on re-roofing
projects.
Where rooftop equipment is utilized the clearance under rooftop equipment and
horizontal supporting members shall be 18-inches for equipment up to 24-inches
wide, and 24-inches for equipment over 24-inches in width. Supports shall be
mounted and fastened to structural deck or framing, not insulation.
Use of sleepers for rooftop equipment is prohibited.
Equipment curbs shall not be placed in drainage valleys. Crickets shall be
installed on upslope sides of equipment curbs.
BE.40.2 ROOF HATCHES
Where roof hatches are used, they shall be insulated and lockable. Roof hatches
shall feature thermal breaks. See GENERAL REQUIREMENTS, GR.5.5
Building Systems Access and Equipment.
BE.40.3 SKYLIGHT STRUCTURES/CLERESTORY WINDOWS
The use of skylight structures, unit skylights and clerestory windows shall be
approved as part of the schematic or preliminary design process. University
approvals include the Architect for the University and/or the Director of Facilities
Planning and Construction.
When approved, skylights shall have exterior grills or guards to provide fall
protection.
Drawings and specifications for skylights or clerestory windows shall indicate
dimensioning, flashing, sealants, gaskets, joints and other quality criteria intended
to prevent leaks and minimize maintenance. All skylights shall have a minimum
5" high curb on sloped roofs; 12” on flat roofs.
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