DESIGN BASIS REPORT

G+16 COMMERCIAL BUILDING

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 INDEX

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 ARCHITECTURAL PLAN FOR 1ST TO 3RD FLOOR

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 ARCHITECTURAL PLAN FOR 4TH TO 16TH FLOOR
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 STRUCTURAL PLAN
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 CENTERLINE FOR GROUND FLOOR TO 3 FLOOR
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 CENTERLINE FOR STORY 4 TO 16 FLOOR

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 1. DESIGN METHODOLOGY

 Limit state method is used for the design of the structure.

 Section 5 of I.S. 456-2000 has given clear guidelines for Limit state method of design.
 The same design is adopted with the suggested Characteristic loads of I.S 875-1987.
 ETABS V16.2.0 Software is used for the analysis and design of the structure.

Fig : Model initialization

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 Fig : Model template assignment

 Considering blank template because centerline plan has been imported from the autoCAD
as a dxf. floor plan file.

Fig : Importing centerline plan from AUTOCAD as a .DXF floor plan

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  Made sure the units of the centerline plan and the plan imported in etabs has the same
units.
 Made sure the layer selected for importing the centerline plan was copied to separate
autoCAD window and was given (0,0) origin.
1.1. MATERIAL DEFINITION:

 M30: is the characteristic strength of the concrete considered for the model
 HYSD500: is the yield strength of the rebars considered for longitudinal bars
 HYSD415: is the yield strength of the stirrups ( According to IS-456 the yield strength of
the stirrups should not be more than HYSD415 for analysis, design and detailing)

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 According to IS-456 stirrups should
be of fe415

10% of D

Fig : Beam section definition

To reduce the complexity at the

junction of beam-column, the
no. of rebars have been reduced

Fig : Column section definition

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 1.2. FRAMED SECTIONS

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 Fig: SECTION FROM STORY 3 TO TERRACE LEVEL

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 Fig: SECTION OF GROUND FLOOR TO STORY 2

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 1.3. SLAB SECTIONS

 SLAB 125mm is assigned as habitual slabs and SLAB 150mm as a slab for lobby.

Fig: Slab Assignment

1.4. SHEAR WALL SECTION

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 2. MODELING

 Modeling the beams, columns and shear wall on their respective marked positions
according to the centerline plan.

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 Fig. modeling the slab at the plinth level

Considering the ground floor of infinite stiffness no slabs other than the staircase slab has been
modeled at the plinth level assuming the shell loads will be sustained by the ground.

fig: oht slab of 200mm.

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 fig: slabs assigned at storey 1 to storey 5

Fig. terrace slab

 terrace slab has been assigned with a slab of uniform thickness of 150mm.
 LMR slab has been assigned over the lift area considering the lift access for upto storey 5
only.

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 3. LOAD COMBINATIONS
3.1 WATER TANK LOAD CALCULATION

28476 sft on each floor

Total = 370000 sft built up area ( excluding parking )

Assuming 1000

Standard water consumption for Commercial Building = 35 Litres

(From the UDPFI Guidelines)

Total Water required = 1000 x 35 = 35000 Litres

Assuming 3 days Storage = 35000 x 3 = 105000 Litres

Total Volume of Tank required = 105m3

Dead load of water = Density x Volume

= 9.81 x 105

= 1030.05 kN

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 Surface area of Water Tank = 8.72x12.5

= 109 m2

Dead load per unit area = 1030.05 / 109

= 9.45 ~ 10 kN/m2

Height of Water Tank = 105/109

= 0.96 ~ 1 m

3.2 LOAD CALCULATION FOR LIFT

Mechanical data for lift

Lift type = counter weight type

capacity of lift =10 person capacity of lift

Passenger weight = 10X70= 700 kg (assuming 70 kg per person)

Lift car weight =700 kg

Counter weight = 1400 kg

Impact factor = 2

Total weight of lift core = (700+700+1400) x 2 = 5600 kg

=56.0KN

No of lifts = 3

Total weight of lifts = 3x56 = 168 kN

Area of slab supporting lift = 8.720 x 3.060

= 26.68 m2

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 Dead load of lift = 168 / 26.68
= 6.296 kN/m2
~ 6.5 kN/m2 (provided)

Live load = 0.75 KN/m2 (As per IS 875-2015 clause 4.1Table 2)

3.3. DEAD LOAD CALCULATION(DL=1.5) (from IS 875 part-1)

Dead Load =DL of tiles +DL of mortar +DL of filler material

= 0.2+(density of mortar x thickness)+(density of filler x thickness)

Assuming , Thickness of mortar=25mm

Thickness of filler material=75mm

Filler material=sand

Dead Load = 0.2+(20.40 x 0.020) +(17.00 x 0.050)

=0.2 + 1.258= 1.458 KN/m2  1.5 KN/m2

1) line load (distributed)

 beam
o main wall load =c/s area x density of wall
 = 0.23 x (3-0.45) x 10=5.8 KN/m
o partition wall load =c/s area x density of wall= 0.15 x (3-
0.45) x 10=3.6 KN/m
o balcony outer frame load = c/s area x density of wall= 1.1 x
0.23 x 10 = 2.5 KN/m
o terrace parapet load = c/s area x density of wall= 1 x 0.23
x10 = 2.3 KN/m

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 o terrace oht load = c/s area x density of wall = (3-0.35) x 10
x 0.23 = 6.09 KN/m

 Area load (dead load and live load) (As Per is 875-2015 Part-
1&Part-2 clause 3.1 Table 1)
(1) slab
(a) Habitual Slab-
(i) Dead Load =1.5 KN/m2
(ii) Live Load = 2 KN/m2
(b) staircase Slab-
(i) Dead Load =3 KN/m2
(ii) Live Load = 3 KN/m2
(c) lobby area -
(i) Dead Load =1.5 KN/m2
(ii) Live Load = 3 KN/m2
(d) Sunken slab -
(i) Dead Load = 3.0 KN/m2
(ii) Live Load =2.0 KN/m2
(e) terrace slab -
(i) Dead Load =2 KN/m2
(ii) Live Load =3.0 KN/m2
(f) water tank slab -
(i) Dead Load =15KN/m2
(ii) Live Load =0.75KN/m2
(g) lift -
(i) Dead Load =10 KN/m2
Live Load =0.75

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 Fig : shell loads assignment

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 Fig : frame loads assignment

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4. CENTER OF MASS AND CENTER OF RIGIDITY

Fig: Center of mass and center of rigidity coordinates

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5. MOMENT RELEASES

Fig : moment releases at each storey levels

Fig : moment releases at terrace

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 6. PRELIMINARY CHECK

6.1. MODELING CHECK

Running dead load and live load analysis to see impractical deformations if any due to
incorrect modeling.

Since no insignificant deflection is observed hence concluding that modeling is done right.

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 6.2. MODAL ANALYSIS CHECK

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 7. LOAD ASSIGNMENTS

7.1. EARTHQUAKE LOADS ASSIGNMENT

 STATIC EARTHQUAKE LOAD CALCULATIONS

Design lateral force = Vb = Ah X W (As per 1893-2016 part 1 clause 7.2.1)
where,
Ah= Design horizontal acceleration spectrum value as per using the fundamental Natural period
Time period
Time Period,(Considering Building with infilled wall Panel) (clause 7.6.2)
At X direction = 0.09h/√dx
= 0.09 x 23.3 / √22.15
= 0.45 Sec
At Y Direction = 0.09h/√dy
= 0.09 x 23.3 / √11.35 = 0.6 Sec
W= Seismic weight of the building
Ah = Z/2 x I/R x Sa/g,
Where,

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Z= seismic Zone Factor= 0.1 (seismic zone =II Fig. 1 seismic zone of
India)
I = Importance Factor=1 (clause 7.2.3 Table 8)
R= Response Reduction Factor=5 for RC building with special moment resisting
fame (SMRF)
(As per IS 1893-2016 part 1 clause 7.2.6
table 9)

Sa/g = Average response acceleration coefficient

Soil Type = Medium (from geotechnical report)
Damping vale used in project is 5 % RC building (As per is 1896 part 1 clause 7.2.4)
4 Percentage of imposed load to be considered in seismic weight calculation
25% for live load up to 3 KN/m2 (As per 1893 part 1 clause 7.3.1 table 10)
0% for terrace load (As per 1893 part 1 clause 7.3.2. )
5 Vertical Distribution of Base Shear to Different Floor Level
The design base shear (V) computed shall be distributed along the height of the
building as per

the following expression:

∑W𝑖 h𝑖 2 (As per 1893-2016 part 1 clause 7.6.3)

Qi = Vb x ∑𝑛 ∑ 2
𝑗=1 W𝑖 h𝑖

where,

Qi = Design lateral force at floor i

Wi = Seismic weight of floor i

hi = Height of floor imeasured from base

n.= Number of storey in the building is the number of levels at which the masses
are located.
Dynamic analysis done by response spectrum method and scaling for static base shear
and dramatic base shear done (as per IS 1893-2016 part 1 clause 7.7.3)

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 Fig : seismic load assignments

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 7.2. WIND LOAD ASSIGNMENT

 WIND LOAD CALCULATIONS

Wind loads will be calculated in accordance with IS 875: Part 3.

Design wind speed 𝑉𝑍 = 𝑉𝑏 x 𝑘1 x 𝑘2 x 𝑘3

𝑉𝑏 =Basic wind velocity = 33 m/s

𝑘1 =Risk coefficient for a design life of 50 years = 1.0
(clause 6.3.1 table 1 (General building))

𝑘2 =terrain,height & structure size factor =0.985(table:2 of is 875:part3)

Terrain category= 2
Structure class = B
Height(m) 𝑘2
20 0.98
23.2 𝑘2 = 
30 01.03

=Topography factor = 1.0

𝑘3
For upwind slope˂3̊

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𝑉𝑍 = 𝑉𝑏 x 𝑘1 x 𝑘2 x 𝑘3 = 33X1.0X0.985X1.0 = 32.34m/sec

Design wind pressure (Pz) = 0.6 x V𝒛𝟐

= 0.6 x 32.8336x32.8336

= 627.0.1336N/𝑚2

Wind co-efficient (As per 875-2015 part 3 clause 7.3.3.1 table 5)

h=23.2-2.9=22.3 m

l=22 m

w=11 m

h/w=22.3/11=2.027

l/w=22/11=2

co-efficients (As per 875-2015 part-III clause 7.3.3.1 table 5)


X direction
1. Windward = 0.8
2. Leeward = 0.1

Y direction
1. Windward = 0.7
2. Leeward = 0.4

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 Fig : Defining wind loads

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 7.3. TEMPERATURE LOADS
Temperature load is considered for terrace slab. And make sure the diaphragm is semi rigid.

Uniform temperature change = (Maximum day time temperature – minimum night time
temperature) = 35 - 20 =150 C

Temperature taken for the load is 150 C for slab and beams

Fig: Assigning frame and shells with temperature loads

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 Fig: assigning frame and shells with temperature loads

7.4. P-DELTA ANALYSIS

2nd order geometric non-linear analysis
Critical load case for P-delta = (1.5 X DEAD LOAD)

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 7.5. AUTO-SEQUENCE ANALYSIS

to be performed when buildings are having :

 planted columns
 floating columns
 soft storey
 non uniformly distributed stiffness

Fig : defining auto-sequence load case

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 8. RESULTS
8.1. DISPLACEMENT RESULTS

Fig : displacement results for 1.0(DL + LL)

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 8.2. SUPPORT REACTIONS

Fig: (a)support reaction results tabular form

Fig: (b) support reaction results 3D visualization

 The support reactions are calculated for the design load combinations envelope because
the envelope superimposes the value of loads and hence the supports can designed for
maximum load values.

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 8.3. BEAM ANALYSIS
Design load combination Envelope used for superimposition of forces so that the beams can be studied
with maximum flexural moment values for different load combinations.

Fig : moment 3-3

Fig: shear 2-2

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8.4. COLUMN ANALYSIS
While analyzing the results for column we havn’t considered envelope for load combinations
because We should not take factored envelope as the column has an axial force and two moments
and since they are interactive in nature the columns should be analyzed and designed for all the
three governing factors i.e. axial force, major bending moment and minor bending moment.

(a)axial force (b)moment 3-3 (c) moment 2-2

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 8.4. SHEAR WALL ANALYSIS

(a)axial force (b)moment 3-3 (c) moment 2-2

(d)shear 2-2 (e) shear 3-3

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 8.5. SLAB ANALYSIS

(a)Bottom reinforcement requirement

(b)Top reinforcement requirement

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8.6. BUILDING RESULTS FOR 1.0 (DL+LL)

(a)moment 3-3 (b) shear force 2-2

(c)axial force (d)torsion

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 9. STABILITY CHECKS
9.1. FOR DYNAMIC EARTHQUAKE FORCES, INTER-STOREY
DRIFT RATIO SHOULD BE LESS THAN 0.004

Inter Story Drift ratio should be less than 0.004

for SpecX = 0.001380 ˂ 0.004

for SpecY = 0.001421 ˂0.004

hence,safe.

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 9.2. MAXIMUM DEFLECTION AGAINST WIND ALLOWED IS
H/500

Maximum deflection allowed against wind is H/500=23200/500=46.4mm

Wx = 5.52mm ˂46.4mm

Wy = 5.21mm ˂46.4mm

hence, safe.

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 9.3. MAXIMUM DEFLECTION AGAINST EARTHQUAKE
ALLOWED IS H/250

Maximum deflection allowed against earthquake is H/250=23200/250=92.8mm

for Spec x = 20.53mm ˂92.8mm

for Spec y = 21.81mm ˂92.8mm

hence, safe.

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9.4. MAX DEFLECTION IN ANY INDIVIDUAL ELEMENT ALLOWED =
SPAN/350 OR 20MM WHICHEVER IS LESS

( AS PER CLAUSE 23.2)

 Permissible Limits: Span/350=3490/350=9.971mm

 Max deflection=6.859 mm
 Deflection of nearer compression member=4.442 mm
 effective deflection=2.147 mm
 total deflection (including long term deflection)
=2.147x2.5
= 5.3675mm ˂ 9.971 mm
HENCE, OK

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9.5. GUIDELINE FOR FUNDAMENTAL TIME PERIOD= 0.1xN

 No. of stories = 8
 Expected time period = 0.1 x 8 = 0.8
 Result time period = 1.05

Very close to the expected value

Hence, OK

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 9.6. NO. OF MODES GIVEN SHOULD BE IN SUCH A WAY
THAT AROUND 95% TO 98% MODAL MASS
PARTICIPATING RATIO SHALL BE ACHIEVED

 SUM UX = 0.9747 > 0.95 , HENCE OK

 SUM UY = 0.9624 > 0.95 , HENCE OK
 SUM RZ = 0.9625 > 0.95 , HENCE OK

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 9.7. 1ST MODE OF MODAL ANALYSIS IS PREFERED TO BE
IN TRANSLATION MODE.

 Since UX= 81%

 hence the first mode is in translation

O.K.

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9.8. IF THE FREQUENCY OF THE BUILDING IS LESS THAN 1HZ
THEN WE SHOULD PERFORM DYNAMIC WIND ANALYSIS BY THE
GUST FACTOR
 Frequency = 1/ T

= 1/1.09

= 0.9 Hz

Hence no need of applying gust factor.

9.9. FOR A KEY ELEMENT DESIGN OVER STRENGTH

FACTOR OF 1.5 NEED TO BE USED FOR EARTHQUAKE
ANALYSIS
 Since no key element is present in the building structure
 Hence no need to use additional 1.5 factor for earthquake analysis.

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 9.10. EXPANSION JOINT (IF THE EXPANSION JOINT IS
THERE IN THE BUILDING )

During an earthquake (max displacement) = 0.012m

Assuming buildings to be of same dimensions and material
= (0.012+ 0.012) x R/2
= 0.024 x 5/2
= 0.024 x 2.5
= 0.06 m
= 60mm (minimum distance between adjacent building)

9.11. CHECK MODEL

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 10. DESIGN
10.1. BEAMS DESIGN

Fig : ductile detailing

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 Fig : Factored design load combinations for strength design model

All the 6 members are failing in shear because the beams are of red colour but the Ast value is
visible and not overstressed. It means it is not failing for flexure moment but because of shear
force.

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Beams which are failing in shear:

Storey 1 Storey 2

B101 B101

B97 B97

B197 B197

SHEAR CHECK
STOREY 1 (B101)

Ast = 697 mm2/m (required)

Considering Ast value per meter

= 1000mm

Max allowed spacing is IS-456

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=0.75 D

Spacing = 250mm (assumed)

1000/250= 4 no. of spacings

No of links= N + 1

=5

Since two legged stirrups are used for each link

= 10 legs are resisting the shear

Assuming each leg is of 8mm dia

Area of each leg = 50mm2

Total area = 500mm2/m (capacity)

But Ast required is 697mm2/m

Hence failing in shear.

Therefore proposing 10mm dia legs for that region to resist shear forces.

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10.2. COLUMN DESIGN

Fig: ductile detailing of columns considering p-delta

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 Fig : strength design load combinations

While designing the columns we will not use load combinations envelope because it has three
governing loads i.e. axial force, major moment and minor moment and as they are interactive in
nature they should be designed and checked for each load combination separately.

All the columns passed design check.

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 Fig: all the columns passed design check

Fig : Since all the values of percentage rebar lies between the range ( 0.8% to 4% )

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 CHECK FOR SHEAR REINFORCEMENT

Fig: shear reinforcement values for columns

 Hence columns passed the design check

O.K.

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10.3. SHEAR WALL DESIGN

Fig : shear wall rebar material definition

Assigning material properties in shear wall design because we don’t get to assign rebar material
properties while defining shear walls.

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Considering all the factored loads and eliminating the load combinations with static earthquake
load combinations.

Fig : design load combinations for shear wall

 All the shear walls passed the design check.

Fig: design Ast values

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10.4. SLAB DESIGN
Before designing the slabs we need to make sure the slabs are FEM based analyzed and not strip
based.

Fig : rebar section rules

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 Fig : Slab rebar material definition

Fig : design load combinations for slab

Fig : shear wall design of storey showing max Ast required

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 11.DETAILING

Fig : detailing preferences defining units

Fig : defining diagonally reinforced links as horizontal bars

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 Fig : rebar selection rules for beams

Fig : rebar selection rules for columns

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 Fig : detailing of the beam for a span

Fig : deatailing of the beam for two span

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 Fig : beam cross- sections

Fig : column details

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 Fig : floor plan of storey 3

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 REMARKS

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