WIND LOADING

In accordance with EN1991-1-3:2005+A1:2010 and the UK national annex

Building data
Type of roof; Duopitch
Length of building; L = 40000 mm
Width of building; W = 20000 mm
Height to eaves; H = 6300 mm
Pitch of roof; 0 = 6.0 deg
Total height; h = 7351 mm
Basic values
Location; DUQM
Wind speed velocity (FigureNA.1); vb,map = 36.5 m/s
Distance to shore; Lshore = 1.00 km
Altitude above sea level; Aalt = 150.0m
Altitude factor; calt = Aalt/1m  0.001 + 1 = 1.150
Fundamental basic wind velocity; vb,0 = vb,map  calt = 42.0 m/s
Direction factor; cdir = 1.00
Season factor; cseason = 1.00
Shape parameter K; K = 0.2
Exponent n; n = 0.0
Air density;  = 1.226 kg/m3
Probability factor; cprob = [(1 - K  ln(-ln(1-p)))/(1 - K  ln(-ln(0.98)))]n = 1.00
Basic wind velocity (Exp. 4.1); vb = cdir  cseason  vb,0  cprob = 42.0 m/s
Reference mean velocity pressure; qb = 0.5    vb2 = 1.080 kN/m2
Orography
Orography factor not significant; co = 1.0
Terrain category; Sea
Displacement height (sheltering effect excluded); hdis = 0mm
The velocity pressure for the windward face of the building with a 0 degree wind is to be considered as 1
part as the height h is less than b (cl.7.2.2)
The velocity pressure for the windward face of the building with a 90 degree wind is to be considered as
1 part as the height h is less than b (cl.7.2.2)
Peak velocity pressure - windward wall - Wind 0 deg and roof
Reference height (at which q is sought); z = 6300mm
Displacement height (sheltering effects excluded); hdis = 0 mm
Exposure factor (Figure NA.7); ce = 2.40
Peak velocity pressure; qp = ce  qb = 2.60 kN/m2

Structural factor
Structural damping; s = 0.100
Height of element; hpart = 6300 mm
Size factor (Table NA.3); cs = 0.869
Dynamic factor (Figure NA.9); cd = 1.000
Structural factor; csCd = cs  cd = 0.869
Peak velocity pressure - windward wall - Wind 90 deg and roof
Reference height (at which q is sought); z = 7351mm
Displacement height (sheltering effects excluded); hdis = 0 mm
Exposure factor (Figure NA.7); ce = 2.51
Peak velocity pressure; qp = ce  qb = 2.72 kN/m2
Structural factor
Structural damping; s = 0.100
Height of element; hpart = 7351 mm
Size factor (Table NA.3); cs = 0.901
Dynamic factor (Figure NA.9); cd = 1.008
Structural factor; csCd = cs  cd = 0.909
Structural factor - roof 0 deg
Structural damping; s = 0.100
Height of element; hpart = 7351 mm
Size factor (Table NA.3); cs = 0.871
Dynamic factor (Figure NA.9); cd = 1.000
Structural factor; csCd = cs  cd = 0.871
Peak velocity pressure for internal pressure
Peak velocity pressure – internal (as roof press.); qp,i = 2.72 kN/m2
Pressures and forces
Net pressure; p = csCd  qp  cpe - qp,i  cpi;
Net force; Fw = pw  Aref;
Roof load case 1 - Wind 0, cpi -0.30, - cpe
 Ext pressure Peak velocity
Net pressure Area Net force
Zone coefficient pressure
p (kN/m2) Aref (m2) Fw (kN)
cpe qp, (kN/m2)
F (-ve) -1.73 2.72 -3.28 10.87 -35.62
G (-ve) -1.16 2.72 -1.93 48.27 -93.12
H (-ve) -0.58 2.72 -0.56 343.07 -191.23
I (-ve) -0.41 2.72 -0.16 343.07 -53.26
J (-ve) -0.94 2.72 -1.41 59.13 -83.32
Total vertical net force; Fw,v = -454.05 kN
Total horizontal net force; Fw,h = -19.17 kN
Walls load case 1 - Wind 0, cpi -0.30, - cpe
Ext pressure Peak velocity
Net pressure Area Net force
Zone coefficient pressure
p (kN/m2) Aref (m2) Fw (kN)
cpe qp, (kN/m2)
A -1.20 2.72 -2.02 18.98 -38.26
B -0.80 2.72 -1.07 82.68 -88.66
C -0.50 2.72 -0.36 34.85 -12.71
D 0.72 2.60 2.43 252.00 612.00
E -0.33 2.60 0.07 252.00 16.98
Overall loading
Equiv leeward net force for overall section; Fl = Fw,wE = 17.0 kN
Net windward force for overall section; Fw = Fw,wD = 612.0 kN
Lack of correlation (cl.7.2.2(3) – Note); fcorr = 0.85; as h/W is 0.368
Overall loading overall section; Fw,D = fcorr  (Fw - Fl + Fw,h) = 489.5 kN
Roof load case 2 - Wind 0, cpi 0.20, - cpe
Ext pressure Peak velocity
Net pressure Area Net force
Zone coefficient pressure
p (kN/m2) Aref (m2) Fw (kN)
cpe qp, (kN/m2)
F (-ve) -1.73 2.72 -4.64 10.87 -50.37
G (-ve) -1.16 2.72 -3.29 48.27 -158.65
H (-ve) -0.58 2.72 -1.92 343.07 -657.02
I (-ve) -0.41 2.72 -1.51 343.07 -519.06
J (-ve) -0.94 2.72 -2.77 59.13 -163.60
Total vertical net force; Fw,v = -1540.22 kN
Total horizontal net force; Fw,h = -19.17 kN
Walls load case 2 - Wind 0, cpi 0.20, - cpe
 Ext pressure Peak velocity
Net pressure Area Net force
Zone coefficient pressure
p (kN/m2) Aref (m2) Fw (kN)
cpe qp, (kN/m2)
A -1.20 2.72 -3.37 18.98 -64.03
B -0.80 2.72 -2.43 82.68 -200.91
C -0.50 2.72 -1.72 34.85 -60.03
D 0.72 2.60 1.07 252.00 269.86
E -0.33 2.60 -1.29 252.00 -325.16
Overall loading
Equiv leeward net force for overall section; Fl = Fw,wE = -325.2 kN
Net windward force for overall section; Fw = Fw,wD = 269.9 kN
Lack of correlation (cl.7.2.2(3) – Note); fcorr = 0.85; as h/W is 0.368
Overall loading overall section; Fw,D = fcorr  (Fw - Fl + Fw,h) = 489.5 kN
Roof load case 3 - Wind 90, cpi -0.30, - cpe
Ext pressure Peak velocity
Net pressure Area Net force
Zone coefficient pressure
p (kN/m2) Aref (m2) Fw (kN)
cpe qp, (kN/m2)
F (-ve) -1.96 2.72 -4.02 10.87 -43.70
G (-ve) -1.14 2.72 -2.00 14.78 -29.54
H (-ve) -0.60 2.72 -0.67 118.26 -78.75
I (-ve) -0.49 2.72 -0.39 656.58 -258.99
Total vertical net force; Fw,v = -408.74 kN
Total horizontal net force; Fw,h = 0.00 kN
Walls load case 3 - Wind 90, cpi -0.30, - cpe
Ext pressure Peak velocity
Net pressure Area Net force
Zone coefficient pressure
p (kN/m2) Aref (m2) Fw (kN)
cpe qp, (kN/m2)
A -1.20 2.60 -2.02 18.52 -37.35
B -0.80 2.60 -1.07 74.10 -79.49
C -0.50 2.60 -0.36 159.38 -58.17
D 0.70 2.72 2.54 136.51 347.00
E -0.30 2.72 0.07 136.51 10.15
Overall loading
Equiv leeward net force for overall section; Fl = Fw,wE = 10.2 kN
Net windward force for overall section; Fw = Fw,wD = 347.0 kN
Lack of correlation (cl.7.2.2(3) – Note); fcorr = 0.85; as h/L is 0.184
Overall loading overall section; Fw,D = fcorr  (Fw - Fl + Fw,h) = 286.3 kN
Roof load case 4 - Wind 90, cpi 0.20, - cpe
 Ext pressure Peak velocity
Net pressure Area Net force
Zone coefficient pressure
p (kN/m2) Aref (m2) Fw (kN)
cpe qp, (kN/m2)
F (-ve) -1.96 2.72 -5.38 10.87 -58.46
G (-ve) -1.14 2.72 -3.36 14.78 -49.61
H (-ve) -0.60 2.72 -2.02 118.26 -239.32
I (-ve) -0.49 2.72 -1.75 656.58 -1150.44
Total vertical net force; Fw,v = -1489.62 kN
Total horizontal net force; Fw,h = 0.00 kN
Walls load case 4 - Wind 90, cpi 0.20, - cpe
Ext pressure Peak velocity
Net pressure Area Net force
Zone coefficient pressure
p (kN/m2) Aref (m2) Fw (kN)
cpe qp, (kN/m2)
A -1.20 2.60 -3.37 18.52 -62.50
B -0.80 2.60 -2.43 74.10 -180.09
C -0.50 2.60 -1.72 159.38 -274.56
D 0.70 2.72 1.18 136.51 161.65
E -0.30 2.72 -1.28 136.51 -175.19
Overall loading
Equiv leeward net force for overall section; Fl = Fw,wE = -175.2 kN
Net windward force for overall section; Fw = Fw,wD = 161.7 kN
Lack of correlation (cl.7.2.2(3) – Note); fcorr = 0.85; as h/L is 0.184
Overall loading overall section; Fw,D = fcorr  (Fw - Fl + Fw,h) = 286.3 kN