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Tutorial 8

The document describes a micro-hydro power system with the following key details: 1. It includes a schematic of the system with 5 points (A-E) that have varying pressure, cross-sectional area, and height above the turbine. 2. It provides a table with the pressure, area, and height values for each point and asks to determine the net head and power at each point. 3. It asks to calculate the power efficiency of the channel, penstock, nozzle, and entire system. 4. It describes another system with a gross head of 120m and head losses through the penstock that are a function of flow rate, and asks to determine the optimum flow rate

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198 views2 pages

Tutorial 8

The document describes a micro-hydro power system with the following key details: 1. It includes a schematic of the system with 5 points (A-E) that have varying pressure, cross-sectional area, and height above the turbine. 2. It provides a table with the pressure, area, and height values for each point and asks to determine the net head and power at each point. 3. It asks to calculate the power efficiency of the channel, penstock, nozzle, and entire system. 4. It describes another system with a gross head of 120m and head losses through the penstock that are a function of flow rate, and asks to determine the optimum flow rate

Uploaded by

සම්පත් චන්ද්‍රරත්න
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Renewable Energy Principles

Tutorial 8

Micro-Hydro
1. The schematic of a micro-hydro power plant is shown in Figure 1.

Turbine

Figure 1

The pressure, cross-sectional area and the height above the turbine at the points
A,B,C,D and E are given in Table-1. The water discharge rate at all points is 0.2 m3/s.

Table 1
A B C D E
Pressure above atmosphere 0 0 343 686 0
(kN/m2)
Cross-sectional Area (m2) 1.0 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.0056
Height above Turbine (m) 100 90 45 0 0

a) Determine the net head and the power of water at each point.

b) Calculate the power efficiency of (i) channel (ii) penstock (iii) nozzle (iv) the
entire hydro system.

2. A hydro power system has a gross head of 120 m. The head lost due to penstock is
given by 4000Q 2  80Q where Q is the water flow rate in m3/s. Determine the
following.
(a) optimum flow rate
(b) power output at optimum flow rate
(c) efficiency at optimum flow rate

3. The pressure gauge at a micro-hydro power house shows a reading of 700 kN/m. The 4-
jet Pelton wheel is having a diameter of 0.6 m. At rated water flow rate, the diameter of
each jet of water is 2 cm. The efficiency of the turbine at the rated speed of 625 rpm is
85%. The head lost in the nozzle can be neglected.
Determine
a) Rated water flow rate
b) Mechanical power output under rated condition
c) The torque-speed characteristic of the turbine under rated condition
d) If the water-flow rate is reduced to 80% of rated value, derive the new torque-
speed characteristic.

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