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Classification of Manufacturing Processes

The document discusses various ways to classify manufacturing processes. It describes classifying processes based on: - The interaction during manufacturing (e.g. addition vs. removal of material) - The materials used (e.g. metals, polymers, ceramics) - The level of automation (manual, semi-automated, fully automated systems) - How the material is treated (e.g. joining, machining, casting, forming) - The type of product made (e.g. consumer goods, capital goods, customized vs mass production) - The system organization (e.g. discrete vs continuous manufacturing processes) - Newer approaches (e.g. lean manufacturing, flexible

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155 views11 pages

Classification of Manufacturing Processes

The document discusses various ways to classify manufacturing processes. It describes classifying processes based on: - The interaction during manufacturing (e.g. addition vs. removal of material) - The materials used (e.g. metals, polymers, ceramics) - The level of automation (manual, semi-automated, fully automated systems) - How the material is treated (e.g. joining, machining, casting, forming) - The type of product made (e.g. consumer goods, capital goods, customized vs mass production) - The system organization (e.g. discrete vs continuous manufacturing processes) - Newer approaches (e.g. lean manufacturing, flexible

Uploaded by

alagar krishna kumar
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Fundamentals of Manufacturing Processes

Classification of Manufacturing Processes

DHEERENDRA KUMAR DWIVEDI


MECHANICAL & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

1
Need
• To group various manufacturing processes based
on fundamental similarity in their nature
• To have better understanding of each process
• To make communication easier by having just one
name for each process.
• To organize information about manufacturing in
better way.
• To help naming new or hybrid processes
2
Basis of Classification
• Classification of manufacturing processes depends on its purpose
– Interaction during manufacturing
– Materials used
– Extent of automation
– Treatment of metal
– Approach
– User
– Production strategy
– System organization
– Newer processes

3
Scientific aspects
• Based on analysis of interaction between the
basic disciplines and manufacturing applications.
• Grouping of processes into
– Chemical industry
– Bioengineering (Biotechnology)
– Nanotechnology
– Electronics
– Construction
4
Materials
• Based on the processed material
– Processing of metallic
– polymers
– ceramics
– glasses
– composites
– biomaterials (woodworking)
5
Automation
• Based on extent of human-tool-product
interaction one can distinguish:
– manually operated
– semi/fully -automated systems with fixed or
variable routing

6
Treatment of metal
• Based on whether we treat the work piece by
– addition of material: joining
– subtraction (removal, waste) of material:
machining
– equivalence of material: casting, forming

7
Approach of processing
• Based on the used techniques
– Processes based on fluidity and solidification of materials (eg.
casting white iron in sand molds)
– Processes based on plastic flow in solid state and accompanying
elastic reactions (e.g. forging)
– Processes based on joining of solid components (e.g. arc welding)
– Processes based on cutting (e.g. drilling)
– Processes based on altering solid microstructure (e.g. normalizing
heat treatment)
– Combined processes, where the hybrid techniques combine the
above categories (e.g. sintering)

8
Types of manufactured products
• Based on user
– Consumer good: cars, pens
– Capital goods: which are further used to produce good
and services
• Based on production strategy
– Hard product (customized: job shops)
– Soft product (common features: mass production)
System organization
• System organization with an emphasis on the final
product
• Discrete manufacturing, (e.g. production of toys,
computers, cars): In discrete manufacturing a number
of separate operations is involved, independent in a
sense that these operations can be separated
arbitrarily in time and space (location)
• Continuous (“Process”) manufacturing (e.g. production
of bread, paper, steel rolling).
10
Newer processes
• Based on some organizational and logistic
aspects
– Lean manufacture (reducing waste)
– Flexible manufacture (CNC connected system)
– Just in Time manufacturing (inventory strategy)
– Agile manufacturing (deals with changing market)
– Bulk processes (mass production)
11

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