Control Engineering
EE2365
ANNA UNIVERSITY QUESTION
BANK, QUESTION PAPER,
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS 2 MARKS
and 16 MARKS QUESTIONS
1. What is control system?
A system consists of a number of
components connected together to perform
a specific function. In a system when the
output quantity is controlled by varying the
input quantity then the system is called
control system.
2. What are the two major types of
control system?
The two major types of control system are
open loop and closed loop
3. Define open loop control system.
The control system in which the output
quantity has no effect upon the input
quantity is called open loop control system.
This means that the output is not feedback
to the input for correction.
4. Define closed loop control system.
The control system in which the output has
an effect upon the input quantity so as to
maintain the desired output value is called
closed loop control system.
5. What are the components of
feedback control system?
The components of feedback control
system are plant, feedback path elements,
error detector and controller.
6. Distinguish between open loop and
closed loop systemOpen loop system
Closed loop system
1. Inaccurate
2. Simple and economical
3. The changes in output due to
external disturbance are not corrected
4. They are generally stable Accurate
Complex and costlier
The changes in output due to external
disturbances are corrected automatically
Great efforts are needed to design a stable
system
7. Why negative feedback is invariably
preferred in closed loop system?
The negative feedback results in better
stability in steady state and rejects any
disturbance signals.
8. Define transfer function.
The transfer function of a system is defined
as the ratio of the Laplace transform of
output to Laplace transform of input with
zero initial conditions.
9. What are the basic elements used for
modeling mechanical translational system.
Mass, spring and dashpot.
10. What are the basic elements used for
modeling mechanical rotational system?
Moment of inertia J, dashpot with
rotational frictional coefficient B and
torsional spring with stiffness K.
11. Write the force balance equation of
an ideal mass element.
F = M d2x/dt2
12. Write the force balance equation of
ideal dashpot element.
F = B dx/dt
13. Write the force balance equation of
ideal spring element.
F = kx
14. Name two types of electrical
analogous for mechanical system.
The two types of analogies for the
mechanical system are Force voltage and
force current analogy.
15. Write the analogous electrical
elements in force voltage analogy for the
elements of mechanical translational
system.
a. Force-voltage e
b. Velocity v-current i
c. Displacement x-charge q
d. Frictional coefficient B-Resistance R
e. Mass M- Inductance L
f. Stiffness K-Inverse of capacitance
1/C
16. Write the analogous electrical
elements in force current analogy for the
elements of mechanical translational
system.
a. Force-current i
b. Velocity v-voltage v
c. Displacement x-flux φ
d. Frictional coefficient B-conductance
1/R
e. Mass M- capacitance C
f. Stiffness K-Inverse of inductance 1/L
17. What is block diagram?
A block diagram of a system is a pictorial
representation of the functions performed
by each component of the system and
shows the flow of signals. The basic
elements of block diagram are block,
branch point and summing point.
18. What is the basis for framing the rules
of block diagram reduction technique?
The rules for block diagram reduction
technique are framed such that any
modification made on the diagram does not
alter the input output relation.
19. What is a signal flow graph?
A signal flow graph is a diagram that
represents a set of simultaneous algebraic
equations. By taking L. T the time domain
differential equations governing a control
system can be transferred to a set of
algebraic equations in s-domain.
20. What is transmittance?
The transmittance is the gain acquired by
the signal when it travels from one node to
another node in signal flow graph.
21. What is sink and source?
Source is the input node in the signal for
graph and it has only outgoing branches.
Sink is an output node in the signal flow
graph and it has only incoming branches.
22. Define non touching loop.
The loops are said to be no touching if they
do not have common nodes.
23. Write Masons Gain formula.
Masons Gain formula states that the overall
gain of the system is
T= 1 Σ Pk Δk
Δ
k
k- Forward path in the signal flow graph
Pk- Forward path gain of kth forward path
Δ = 1-[sum of individual loop gains ] +[sum
of gain products of all possible
combinations of two non touching loops]-
[sum of gain products of all possible
combinations of three non touching
loops]+…
Δk = Δ for that part of the graph which is
not touching kth forward path.
24. What is servomechanism?
The servomechanism is a feedback control
system, in which the output is mechanical
position (or time derivatives of position
velocity and acceleration).
25. What is stepper motor?
A stepper motor is a device which
transforms electrical pulses into equal
increments of rotary shaft motion called
steps.
26. What is servomotor?
The motors used in automatic control
systems or in servomechanism are called
servomotors. They are used to convert
electrical signal into angular motion.
27. What is synchro?
A synchro is a device used to convert an
angular motion to an electrical signal or
vice versa.
28. Name the test signals used in control
system
The commonly used test input signals in
control system are impulse, step, ramp,
acceleration and sinusoidal signals.
29. What is step signal?
The step signal is a signal whose value
changes from zero to A at t= 0 and remains
constant at A for t>0.
30. What is ramp signal?
The ramp signal is a signal whose value
increases linearly with time from an initial
value of zero at t=0. The ramp signal
resembles a constant velocity.
31. What is a parabolic signal?
The parabolic signal is a signal whose
value varies as a square of time from an
initial value of zero at t=0. This parabolic
signal represents constant acceleration
input to the signal.
32. What is transient response?
The transient response is the response of
the system when the system changes from
one state to another.
33. What is steady state response?
The steady state response is the response
of the system when it approaches infinity.
34. What is an order and type number of a
system?
The order of a system is the order of the
differential equation governing the system.
The order of the system can be obtained
from the transfer function of the given
system.
The type number is the number of poles at
the origin.
35. Define damping ratio.
Damping ratio is defined as the ratio of
actual damping to critical damping.
36. List the time domain specifications.
The time domain specifications are
i. Delay time
ii. Rise time
iii. Peak time
iv. Peak overshoot
