University of Nueva Caceres

Naga City

College of Engineering and Architecture

Design of Active Filter for 5kHz, 10kHz and 20kHz

Submitted by:
Geno Dela Torre
BSCOE-4
Mark Allen Alden
BSEE-3

In partial fulfillment of the course requirements in

Subject code Electronics 2

Presented to:
Engr. Edgardo N. Martinez, Jr.
Instructor

March 22,2019
 Table of Contents

Table of Contents.............................................................................................................................1

Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 2

Design..............................................................................................................................................3

Discussion....................................................................................................................................4

Design Procedure and Calculations.........................................................................................4

Active Filter.............................................................................................................................4

Comparator.............................................................................................................................. 4

Tests conducted........................................................................................................................4

Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................5

References....................................................................................................................................... 6

APPENDIX..................................................................................................................................... 7

Schematic Circuits.......................................................................................................................7

Project Layout..............................................................................................................................7

Bill of Materials...........................................................................................................................7

Datasheets....................................................................................................................................7

1
 Introduction

Filters are circuits that are capable of passing signals with certain selected frequencies

while rejecting signals with other frequencies. Active filters require power since operational

amplifiers are involved to provide gain but do not require inductors since they can be large and

lossy, especially for low frequency applications. These filters can be applied in instrumentation

systems, audio systems, communication systems, and even digital systems

The proponents of this project were given the task to develop a Simple Active filters

using discrete electronics components with, buffer and comparator circuits.

The main objective of this design is as follows, to develop a Simple Spectrum Analyzer

that can light up three LEDs separately when provided by three different frequency ranges.

This project shall benefit students in controlling or manipulating different frequency

ranges that can be accepted by the circuit and students will also learn different uses of active

filters, buffers and comparators.

The project is limited only to designing and making a Simple Active filter that can power-

up/light-up three separate LEDs with complex frequency ranges. Ranging from 500Hz, 1kHz,

and 5kHz.

2
 Design

Discussion

FILTER LED
COMPARATOR

5Hz FILTER
BUFFER COMPARATOR LED
1Khz
5Khz

FILTER
COMPARATOR
LED

Figure 1.0 Project block Diagram

Buffer

Fig. 1.1 Simple Buffer Amplifier Circuit

A voltage buffer amplifier is used to transfer a voltage from a first circuit, having a high

output impedance level, to a second circuit with a low input impedance level.

3
Active Band-pass Filter

Fig. 1.2 Simple Active Band-pass Filter Circuit

An active filter is a type of analog electronic filter that uses active components such as

an amplifier. Amplifiers included in a filter design can be used to improve the performance and

predictability of a filter, while avoiding the need for inductors (which are typically expensive

compared to other components).

Comparator

Fig. 1.3 Simple Comparator Circuit

A voltage comparator is an electronic circuit that compares two input voltages and lets

you know which of the two is greater. It's easy to create a voltage comparator from an op amp,

because the polarity of the op-amp's output circuit depends on the polarity of the difference

between the two input voltages.

4
Calculations

fm  500Hz

A m  1

C  220nF

Q  10

Q
R2   28.937k

  fm C

-nearest standard value: 20kΩ .

R2
R1   14.469k

2 A m

-nearest standard value: 10kΩ.

A m R1
R3   72.707
2
2 Q  A m

-nearest standard value: 47Ω

fm  1kHz

A m  1

C  100nF

Q  10

Q
R2   31.831k

  fm C

-nearest standard value: 22kΩ

R2
R1   15.915k

2 A m

-nearest standard value: 11kΩ

A m R1
R3   79.977
2
2 Q  A m

-nearest standard value: 51Ω

4
 fm  5kHz

A m  1

C  68nF

Q  10

Q
R2   9.362k

  fm C

neareast standard value: 30kΩ

R2
R1   4.681k

2 A m

neareast standard value: 15kΩ

A m R1
R3   23.523
2
2 Q  Am

neareast standard value: 75Ω

Other key components

Printed Circuit Board (PCB) – is a thin plate that holds the electronic components.

Light Emitting Diode (LED) – is a semiconductor device that emits visible light when current

passes through it. It acts as an indicator to what action is being done.

4
Tests conducted

Table 1 Output of 500Hz filter with input voltage of 3V

Input Frequency Output Voltage Output Phase

100 Hz
200 Hz
500 Hz
1 kHz
1.5 kHz
2 kHz
3 kHz
5 kHz
7 kHz
10 kHz
20 kHz

Table 1 Output of 1kHz filter with input voltage of 3V

Input Frequency Output Voltage Output Phase

100 Hz
200 Hz
500 Hz
1 kHz
1.5 kHz
2 kHz
3 kHz
5 kHz
7 kHz
10 kHz
20 kHz

Table 1 Output of 5kHz filter with input voltage of 3V

Input Frequency Output Voltage Output Phase

100 Hz
200 Hz
500 Hz
1 kHz
1.5 kHz
2 kHz
3 kHz
5 kHz
7 kHz
10 kHz
20 kHz

4
Figure 1.4 Bode plot of 500Hz filter

Figure 1.5 Bode plot of 1kHz filter

Figure 1.6 Bode plot of 5kHz filter

4
Figure 1.7 Bode plot of three frequency response

Figure 1. 8 Bode plot of phase diagram

4
Conclusion

After extensive research and several tests and experiments the proponents are able to

produce an actual Active filter that can power-up/light-up three separate LEDs with varying

frequency ranges. Ranging from 500Hz, 1kHz, and 5kHz, using 15V power supply for each.

5
 References
Boylestad, & Nashelsky. (2010). Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory.

6
 APPENDIX

Schematic Circuits

Figure 1.9 Schematic Design of Project

Project Layout

Figure 2.0 PCB Layout of Project

7
 Figure 2.1 3D View of Project

Bill of Materials

Component / Material Quantity Unit Cost Total

TL084 3 45 135

¼ Watt Resistors 17 1 17

10uF electrolytic capacitor 4 15 60

330uF electrolytic capacitor 1 15 15
100pF ceramic capacitor 1 3 3
330pF ceramic capacitor 1 3 3
1N4001 1 25 25
Pins 1 25 25
PCB 4 4 16
Printing (PCB Layout) 1 95 95

Total 562.00

7
Datasheets

7
7
 University of Nueva Caceres
College of Engineering and Architecture

GRADING SHEET
TITLE : Active Filter for 5kHz, 10kHz and 20kHz

PROPONENT/S: DELA TORRE GENO R.

ALDEN.MARK ALLEN

SUBJECT: ELECTRONICS 2

DATE: MARCH 22.2019

CRITERIA REMARKS PERCENTAGE GRADE

I. Documentation (10%)
a. Introduction
b. Design Discussion
c. Test Results
d. Schematics
e. Conclusion
f. Bill of Materials 10%
g. Code
h. PCB Foil Pattern
i. Video
j. Copy of Documentation(CD)

II. Q & A (30%)

a. Question No. 1 10%

b. Question No. 2 10%

c. Question No. 3 10%

III. Prototype/ Circuit (40%)

a. Reliability/Accuracy 20%

b. Realization of Objectives 10%

c. Packaging 10%

TOTA
L 100%

EDGARDO N. MARTINEZ, JR.

Instructor
 Title :
SCHEMATIC CIRCUIT
Section: Active filter
Schematic circuit for the active filter ranging 500Hz,1kHz and
Description:
5kHz
ALDEN,MARK ALLEN
Designed by:
DELA TORRE,GENO R.

Date: 03/22/2019 Sheet No.: 1 of 1

Approved by: EDGARDO N. MARTINEZ, JR. ECE