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Home Assignment - 1

1) The document provides instructions to calculate the time required for a particle to accelerate from rest to 95% of its terminal speed in a fluid, given the particle's weight, drag force proportional to speed, and gravitational acceleration. 2) Several conversion factors are listed between common units used to measure viscosity, power, energy, pressure, volume, and specific heat. 3) Questions are asked about plotting the pathline, streakline, and streamlines for a particle moving through a fluid with a given velocity field.

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Deepak Kumar Singh
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177 views2 pages

Home Assignment - 1

1) The document provides instructions to calculate the time required for a particle to accelerate from rest to 95% of its terminal speed in a fluid, given the particle's weight, drag force proportional to speed, and gravitational acceleration. 2) Several conversion factors are listed between common units used to measure viscosity, power, energy, pressure, volume, and specific heat. 3) Questions are asked about plotting the pathline, streakline, and streamlines for a particle moving through a fluid with a given velocity field.

Uploaded by

Deepak Kumar Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Home assignment – 1

1) Very small particles moving in fluids are known to experience a drag force proportional to
speed. Consider a particle of net weight W dropped in a fluid. The particle experiences a
drag force, FD=kV, where V is the particle speed. Determine the time required for the particle
to accelerate from rest to 95 percent of its terminal speed, Vt , in terms of k, W, and g.

2) Derive the following conversion factors:


(a) Convert a viscosity of 1 m2/s to ft2/s.
(b) Convert a power of 100 W to horsepower.
(c) Convert a specific energy of 1 kJ/kg to Btu/lbm.
(d) Convert a pressure of 1 psi to kPa.
(b) Convert a volume of 1 liter to gallons.
(c) Convert a viscosity of 1 lbf. s/ft2 to N.s/m2.
(a) Convert a specific heat of 4.18 kJ/kg .K to Btu/lbm .oR.
(b) Convert a speed of 30 m/s to mph.
(c) Convert a volume of 5.0 L to in3.

⃗ = ay 𝑖̂ + bt 𝑗̂ where a = 1 S-1 and b = 0.5 m/s-1. At t = 2 s.


3) A flow is described by velocity field 𝑉
what are the coordinates of the particle that passed through point (1, 2) at t = 0? At t = 3 s,
what are the coordinates of the particle that passed through point (1, 2) at t = 2 s? Plot the
pathline and streakline through point (1, 2), and plot the streamlines through the same point
at the instants t = 0, 1, 2, and 3 s.

4) Tiny hydrogen bubbles are being used as tracers to visualize a flow. All the bubbles are
generated at the origin (x = 0, y = 0). The velocity field is unsteady and obeys the equations:
u = 1m/s v = 1m/s 0 ≤t <2 s
u=0 v = 1.5m/s 2≤t< 4 s
Plot the pathlines of bubbles that leave the origin at t = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 s. Mark the locations of
these five bubbles at t = 4 s. Use a dashed line to indicate the position of a streakline at t = 4 s.

5) A concentric cylinder viscometer may be formed by rotating the inner member of a pair of
closely fitting cylinders. For small clearances, a linear velocity profile may be assumed in the
liquid filling the annular clearance gap. A viscometer has an inner cylinder of 75 mm
diameter and 150 mm height, with a clearance gap width of 0.02 mm. A torque of 0.021 N.m
is required to turn the inner cylinder at 100 rpm. Determine the viscosity of the liquid in the
clearance gap of the viscometer.

6) A viscometer is built from a conical pointed shaft that turns in a conical bearing, as shown.
The gap between shaft and bearing is filled with a sample of the test oil. Obtain an algebraic
expression for the viscosity μ of the oil as a function of viscometer geometry (H, a, and θ),
turning speed ω, and applied torque T. For the data given ( = 0.2 N.s/m2) the type of oil for
which the applied torque is 0.325 N.m. The oil is at 20 oC.
Hint: First obtain an expression for the shear stress on the surface of the conical shaft as a
function of z. (Figure Shown Below)

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