E SUSPENSION

B
SECTION
FRONT SUSPENSION C

FSU
CONTENTS
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................... 2 Disassembly ........................................................... 10 F
Precautions .............................................................. 2 Inspection ............................................................... 10
PREPARATION ........................................................... 3 SHOCK ABSORBER ASSEMBLY ....................... 10
Special Service Tools ............................................... 3 MOUNTING INSULATOR AND RUBBER PARTS... 11 G
Commercial Service Tools ........................................ 3 THRUST BEARING ............................................. 11
NOISE, VIBRATION, AND HARSHNESS (NVH) COIL SPRING ..................................................... 11
TROUBLESHOOTING ................................................ 4 Assembly ................................................................ 11
H
NVH Troubleshooting Chart ..................................... 4 STABILIZER BAR ..................................................... 12
FRONT SUSPENSION ASSEMBLY ........................... 5 Removal and Installation ........................................ 12
Components ............................................................. 5 TRANSVERSE LINK AND LOWER BALL JOINT ... 14
On-Vehicle Service ................................................... 6 Removal and Installation ........................................ 14 I
Front Wheel Alignment ............................................. 6 Inspection ............................................................... 14
PRELIMINARY INSPECTION ............................... 7 TRANSVERSE LINK ........................................... 14
CAMBER, CASTER AND KINGPIN INCLINA- LOWER BALL JOINT .......................................... 15 J
TION ...................................................................... 7 SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ...... 16
TOE-IN .................................................................. 7 General Specifications (Front) ................................ 17
FRONT WHEEL TURNING ANGLE ..................... 8 Front Wheel Alignment (Unladen*1) ....................... 17
K
COIL SPRING AND SHOCK ABSORBER ................. 9 Lower Ball Joint ...................................................... 17
Removal and Installation ........................................ 10 Wheelarch Height (Unladen*) ................................. 17

FSU-1
 PRECAUTIONS

PRECAUTIONS PFP:00001

Precautions EES000BU

● When installing rubber parts, final tightening must be car-

ried out under unladen condition* with tires on ground.
Oil will shorten the life of rubber bushings. Be sure to wipe
off any spilled oil.
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack,
hand tools and mats in designated positions.
● After installing removed suspension parts, check wheel
alignment and adjust if necessary.
● Use flare nut wrench when removing or installing brake
tubes.
● Always torque brake lines when installing. SBR686C

● Lock nuts are unreusable parts; always use new ones.

When replacing, do not wipe the oil off the new lock nut before tightening.

FSU-2
 PREPARATION

PREPARATION PFP:00002
A
Special Service Tools EES000BV

The actual shapes of Kent-Moore tools may differ from those of special service tools illustrated here.
Tool number
B
(Kent-Moore No.) Description
Tool name
HT72520000 Removing tie-rod outer end and lower ball
(J25730-B) joint C
Ball joint remover

NT146

FSU
Commercial Service Tools EES000BW

Tool name Description

Attachment wheel alignment Measure wheel alignment F
a: Screw M24 x 1.5 pitch
b: 35 mm (1.38 in) dia.
c: 65 mm (2.56 in) dia.
d: 56 mm (2.20 in) G
e: 12 mm (0.47 in)

NT148
H
Equivalent to GG94310000 Removing and installing brake piping
1 Flare nut crowfoot a: 10 mm (0.39 in)
2 Torque wrench
I

S-NT360
J
Spring compressor Removing and installing coil spring

L
NT717

FSU-3
 Symptom
ROAD WHEEL TIRES SUSPENSION

der

×: Applicable
Noise
Noise
Noise

Shake
Shake
Shake

Judder
Judder

Shimmy
Shimmy
Reference page

Vibration
Vibration

Poor quality
Poor quality
Poor quality
Possible Cause and

Shimmy, Jud-
SUSPECTED PARTS

ride or handling
ride or handling
ride or handling

×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
Improper installation, looseness Refer to FSU-5

Shock absorber deformation, damage

×
×
×
×
×
×
Refer to FSU-5
or deflection

×
×
×
×
×
×
Bushing or mounting deterioration Refer to FSU-11

Parts interference —

×
×
×
×
×
NVH Troubleshooting Chart

×
×
×
Spring fatigue Refer to FSU-17

Suspension looseness Refer to FSU-5 , FSU-6

×
×

×
×
Incorrect wheel alignment Refer to FSU-6

×
Stabilizer bar fatigue Refer to FSU-12

Out-of-round Refer to FSU-6

×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×

FSU-4
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
Imbalance Refer to WT-4

Incorrect air pressure Refer to WT-6

×
×
×
×
×
×

×
×
×
×
×
Uneven tire wear —

×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
Deformation or damage —

Non-uniformity —

×
×

×
×
×
×
×
Incorrect tire size Refer to WT-6

DRIVE SHAFT Refer to FAX-4

×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×

×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×

AXLE Refer to FAX-4

×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
SUSPENSION Refer to SUSPENSION in this chart.
NOISE, VIBRATION, AND HARSHNESS (NVH) TROUBLESHOOTING

TIRES Refer to TIRES in this chart.

×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×

×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×

ROAD WHEEL Refer to ROAD WHEEL in this chart.

NOISE, VIBRATION, AND HARSHNESS (NVH) TROUBLESHOOTING

×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×

BRAKES Refer to BR-5

×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×

STEERING Refer to PS-6

Use the following chart to help you find the cause of the symptom. If necessary, repair or replace these parts.
PFP:00003

EES000BX
 FRONT SUSPENSION ASSEMBLY

FRONT SUSPENSION ASSEMBLY PFP:54010

A
Components EES000BY

FSU

WEIA0002E

1. Strut tower bar bracket (if equipped) 2. Strut spacer 3. Strut mount bracket
4. Strut mount bearing 5. Spring upper seat 6. Upper spring rubber seat
7. Bound bumper rubber 8. Coil spring 9. Lower spring rubber seat
10 Shock absorber 11 Wheel hub and steering knuckle 12 Cotter pin
. . .
13 Strut tower bar (if equipped) 14 Stabilizer 15 Stabilizer clamp
. . .
16 Bushing 17 Suspension member 18 Rebound stopper
. . .
19 Connecting rod 20 Transverse link
. .

FSU-5
 FRONT SUSPENSION ASSEMBLY

On-Vehicle Service EES000BZ

Check front axle and front suspension parts for excessive play,
cracks, wear or other damage.
● Shake each front wheel to check for excessive play.
● Make sure that cotter pin is inserted.
● Retighten all axle and suspension nuts and bolts to the specified
torque. Refer to FSU-5, "Components" .

SMA525A

● Check strut (shock absorber) for oil leakage or other damage.

● Check suspension ball joint for grease leakage and ball joint
dust cover for cracks or other damage.
If ball joint dust cover is cracked or damaged, replace transverse
link.

SFA392B

● Check spring height from top of wheelarch to the ground.

– Vehicle must be unladen*, parked on a level surface, and tires
checked for proper inflation and wear (tread wear indicator must
not be showing).
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand
tools and mats in designated positions.
– Bounce vehicle up and down several times before measuring.
Standard height : Refer to FSU-17,
"Wheelarch Height
(Unladen*)" SFA818AA

– Spring height is not adjustable. If out of specification, check for worn springs or suspension parts.

● Check suspension ball joint end play.

– Jack up front of vehicle and set the stands.
– Clamp dial indicator onto transverse link and place indicator tip
on lower edge of brake caliper.
– Make sure front wheels are straight and brake pedal is
depressed.
– Place a pry bar between transverse link and inner rim of road
wheel.
– While raising and releasing pry bar, observe maximum dial indi-
cator value. WSU002

Vertical end play : 0 mm (0 in)

– If ball joint movement is beyond specifications, remove and replace it.
Front Wheel Alignment EES000C0

Before checking front wheel alignment, be sure to make a preliminary inspection (unladen*).
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions.

FSU-6
 FRONT SUSPENSION ASSEMBLY

PRELIMINARY INSPECTION
1. Check tires for wear and improper inflation. A
2. Check wheels for deformation, cracks and other damage.
If deformed, remove wheel and check wheel runout.
a. Remove tire from wheel and mount wheel on a tire balance B
machine.
b. Set dial indicator as shown in the illustration.
C
Wheel runout (Dial indi- : Refer to WT-6, "Road
cator value) Wheel" .
3. Check front wheel bearings for looseness. SFA975B
D
4. Check front suspension for looseness.
5. Check steering linkage for looseness.
6. Check that front shock absorbers work properly. FSU
7. Check vehicle wheelarch height (unladen*). Refer to FSU-17, "Wheelarch Height (Unladen*)" .
● *: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated posi-
tions. F

CAMBER, CASTER AND KINGPIN INCLINATION

Camber, caster and kingpin inclination are preset at factory and G
cannot be adjusted.
1. Measure camber, caster and kingpin inclination of both right and
left wheels with a suitable alignment gauge.
H
Camber, caster and : Refer to FSU-17, "Front
kingpin inclination Wheel Alignment
(Unladen*1)" . I
2. If camber, caster or kingpin inclination is not within specification,
inspect front suspension parts. Replace damaged or worn out
parts. SRA096A
J
TOE-IN
Measure toe-in using the following procedure.
K
WARNING:
● Always perform the following procedure on a flat surface.
● Make sure that no person is in front of the vehicle before
L
pushing it.
1. Bounce front of vehicle up and down to stabilize the posture.
2. Push the vehicle straight ahead about 5 m (16 ft).
M
3. Put a mark on base line of tread (rear side) of both tires at the
same height as hub center. These are measuring points.
AFA050

4. Measure distance “A” (rear side).

5. Push the vehicle slowly ahead to rotate the wheels 180 degrees
(1/2 turn).
If the wheels have rotated more than 180 degrees (1/2 turn), try
the above procedure again from the beginning. Never push
vehicle backward.
6. Measure distance “B” (front side).
Total toe-in : Refer to FSU-17, "Front
Wheel Alignment
(Unladen*1)" . SFA234AC

FSU-7
 FRONT SUSPENSION ASSEMBLY

7. Adjust toe-in by varying the length of steering tie-rods.

a. Loosen lock nuts.
b. Adjust toe-in by screwing tie-rods in and out.
Standard length “L” : Refer to PS-24, "Steering
Gear and Linkage" .
c. Tighten lock nuts to specified torque. Refer to PS-15, "Compo-
nents" .

SFA486A

FRONT WHEEL TURNING ANGLE

1. Set wheels in straight-ahead position. Then move vehicle for-
ward until front wheels rest on turning radius gauge properly.
2. Rotate steering wheel all the way right and left; measure turning
angle.
Do not hold the steering wheel on full lock for more than 15
seconds.
Wheel turning angle : Refer to FSU-17, "Front
(Full turn) Wheel Alignment
(Unladen*1)" .
SFA439BA

FSU-8
 COIL SPRING AND SHOCK ABSORBER

COIL SPRING AND SHOCK ABSORBER PFP:56210

A

FSU

FSU-9
 COIL SPRING AND SHOCK ABSORBER

Removal and Installation EES000C1

● Remove shock absorber fixing bolt and nut (to hoodledge).

● Do not remove piston rod lock nut on vehicle.

SFA956A

● When installing strut spacer, it must be positioned as shown.

WSU003

Disassembly EES000C2

1. Set shock absorber on vise, then loosen piston rod lock nut.
● Do not remove piston rod lock nut at this time.

2. Compress spring with Tool so that shock absorber mounting

insulator can be turned by hand.
WARNING:
Make sure that the pawls of the two spring compressors are
firmly hooked on the spring. The spring compressors must
be tightened alternately so as not to tilt the spring.

SSU002

3. Remove piston rod lock nut.

SSU003

Inspection EES000C3

SHOCK ABSORBER ASSEMBLY

● Check for smooth operation through a full stroke, both compression and extension.
● Check for oil leakage on welded or gland packing portions.
● Check piston rod for cracks, deformation or other damage and replace if necessary.

FSU-10
 COIL SPRING AND SHOCK ABSORBER

MOUNTING INSULATOR AND RUBBER PARTS

● Check cemented rubber-to-metal portion for separation or cracks. Check rubber parts for deterioration A
and replace if necessary.
THRUST BEARING
B
● Check thrust bearing parts for abnormal noise or excessive rattle in axial direction and replace if neces-
sary.
COIL SPRING C
● Check for cracks, deformation or other damage and replace if necessary.
Assembly EES000C4
D
● When installing coil spring on strut, it must be positioned as
shown.
FSU

G
SFA508A

● Install upper spring seat with alignment mark facing the outer H
side of vehicle, in line with strut-to-knuckle attachment points.
● Replace strut lower mounting nuts.
● When installing strut to knuckle, be sure to hold bolts and I
tighten nuts.
Strut to knuckle : 114 - 133 N·m
tightening torque (11.6 - 13.6 kg-m, 84 - 98 ft-lb) J

SFA564B K

FSU-11
 STABILIZER BAR

STABILIZER BAR PFP:54611

Removal and Installation EES000C5

● Remove four stabilizer bar mounting nuts from each side.

WSU004

● When installing stabilizer, make sure the paint mark and clamp
face in their correct directions.

SFA959A

● Make sure that the slit in the bushing is in the position shown.

SFA604B

● Install four stabilizer bar mounting nuts at each side.

WSU004

FSU-12
 STABILIZER BAR

● Install stabilizer bar with ball joint socket properly placed.

A

SFA449BB

D
● Check stabilizer for deformation or cracks and replace if neces-
sary.
● Check rubber bushings for deterioration or cracks and replace if FSU
necessary.
● Check ball joint can rotate in all directions. If movement is not
smooth and free, replace stabilizer bar connecting rod. F

G
ARA027

FSU-13
 TRANSVERSE LINK AND LOWER BALL JOINT

TRANSVERSE LINK AND LOWER BALL JOINT PFP:54500

Removal and Installation EES000C6

1. Remove wheel bearing lock nut.

2. Remove tie-rod ball joint.
3. Remove strut lower bracket fixing bolts and nuts.
4. Separate drive shaft from knuckle by slightly tapping drive shaft
end.
Cover boots with shop towel so as not to damage them when
removing drive shaft.

SFA651A

5. Separate lower ball joint stud from knuckle with suitable tool.

WSU009

6. Remove fixing bolts.

7. Remove transverse link and lower ball joint.
8. During installation, final tightening must be carried out at curb
weight with tires on the ground. Refer to FSU-5, "Components" .
9. After installation, check wheel alignment. Refer to FSU-6, "Front
Wheel Alignment" .

WSU005

Inspection EES000C7

TRANSVERSE LINK
● Check transverse link for damage, cracks or deformation and replace if necessary.
● Check rubber bushing for damage, cracks and deformation and replace if necessary.

FSU-14
 TRANSVERSE LINK AND LOWER BALL JOINT

LOWER BALL JOINT

● Check ball joint for play. Replace transverse link assembly if any A
of the following cases occur: Ball stud is worn, play in axial
direction is excessive or joint is hard to swing.
Before checking, turn ball joint at least 10 revolutions so that ball B
joint is properly broken in.
Swinging force “A” : 7.8 - 77.5 N (0.8 - 7.9 kg,
(measuring point 1.8 - 17.4 lb) C
cotter pin hole of
ball stud)
Turning torque “B” : 0.50 - 4.90 N·m SFA858A
D
(5.1 - 50 kg-cm,
4.4 - 43.4 in-lb)
Vertical end play “C” : 0 mm (0 in) FSU

● Check dust cover for damage. Replace it and cover clamp if necessary.
F

FSU-15
 SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)

SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) PFP:00030

FSU-16
 SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)

General Specifications (Front) EES000C8

A
Suspension type Independent MacPherson strut
Shock absorber type Double-acting hydraulic
Stabilizer bar Standard equipment B

Front Wheel Alignment (Unladen*1) EES000C9

Engine QG18DE QR25DE C

Camber Minimum −1°10' (−1.17°) −1°12' (−1.2°)
Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Nominal −0°25' (−0.42°) −0°27' (−0.45°)
D
Maximum 0°20′ (0.33°) 0°18′ (0.3°)
Left and right difference 45′ (0.75°) or less 45′ (0.75°) or less
Caster Minimum 0°51′ (0.85°) 0°58′ (0.97°) FSU
Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Nominal 1°36′ (1.60°) 1°43′ (1.72°)
Maximum 2°21′ (2.35°) 2°28′ (2.47°)
Left and right difference 45′ (0.75°) or less 45′ (0.75°) or less
F

Kingpin inclination Minimum 13°58′ (13.97°) 14°03′ (14.05°)

Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Nominal 14°43′ (14.72°) 14°46′ (14.77°)
G
Maximum 15°28′ (15.47°) 15°31′ (15.52°)
Total toe-in Minimum 1 (0.039”) 1 (0.039”)
Distance (A − B) H
Nominal 2 (0.079”) 2 (0.079”)
mm (in)
Maximum 3 (0.118”) 3 (0.118”)
Minimum 5.5′ (0.08°) 5.5′ (0.08°)
Angle (left plus right) I
Degree minute (Decimal Nominal 11′ (0.18°) 11′ (0.18°)
degree)
Maximum 16′ (0.27°) 16′ (0.27°)
Wheel turning angle Minimum 34° (34.0°) 29° (29.0°) J
Inside
Full turn*2
Degree minute (Decimal Nominal 37° (37.0°) 32° (32.0°)
degree)
Maximum 38° (38.0°) 33° (33.0°)
K
Outside
Degree minute (Decimal Nominal 31° (31.0°) 27° (27.0°)
degree)
*1: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions.
L
*2: On power steering models, wheel turning force (at circumference of steering wheel) of 98 to 147 N (10 to 15 kg, 22 to 33 lb) with
engine idle.
M
Lower Ball Joint EES000CA

Swinging force “A”

7.8 - 77.5 (0.8 - 7.9, 1.8 - 17.4)
(Measuring point: cotter pin hole of ball stud) N (kg, lb)
Turning torque “B” N-m (kg-cm, in-lb) 0.50 - 4.90 (5.1 - 50.0, 4.4 - 43.4)
Vertical end play “C” mm (in) 0 (0)

Wheelarch Height (Unladen*) EES000CB

SFA818A

QG18DE Calif. CA
Engine QG18DE QR25DE
Model

FSU-17
 SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)

Tire Size 195/60R15 185/65R14 195/60R15 195/55R16 215/45R17

Front (Hf) mm (in) 664 (26.14) 649 (25.55) 659 (25.94) 660 (25.98) 664 (26.14)
Rear (Hr) mm (in) 658 (25.91) 643 (25.31) 653 (25.71) 652 (25.67) 655 (25.79)
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions.

FSU-18