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Algebraic Method

The document discusses two thermodynamics problems. Problem 1 involves calculating properties of a mixture of water and steam at 370°C. It is found that if the volumes are equal, the quality is 31% and the masses are equal the vapor volume is 0.05905 m3 and liquid volume is 0.02653 m3. Problem 2 considers air in a cylinder heated from 30°C to 258.9°C. The final volume is 0.156 m3 and work done is calculated as 11.9 kJ.

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2K views3 pages

Algebraic Method

The document discusses two thermodynamics problems. Problem 1 involves calculating properties of a mixture of water and steam at 370°C. It is found that if the volumes are equal, the quality is 31% and the masses are equal the vapor volume is 0.05905 m3 and liquid volume is 0.02653 m3. Problem 2 considers air in a cylinder heated from 30°C to 258.9°C. The final volume is 0.156 m3 and work done is calculated as 11.9 kJ.

Uploaded by

stephen james
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROBLEM1.) A 0.

0856 𝑚3 drum contains saturated water and saturated vapour at


370°C. (a) Find the mass of each if their volumes are equal. What is the quality? Find the
volume occupied by each if their masses are equal.

Solution:

Let Vv = the volume of saturated vapour

VL = the volume of saturated liquid

mv = the mass of saturated vapour

mL = the mass of saturated liquid

𝑚3
𝑣𝑔 𝑎𝑡 370℃ = 0.004925
𝑘𝑔

𝑚3
𝑣𝑓 𝑎𝑡 370℃ = 0.002213
𝑘𝑔

(a)

Vv Saturated Vapour

VL Saturated Liquid

0.0856 3
𝑉𝑉 = 𝑚 = 0.0428𝑚3
2

𝑉𝑉 0.0428𝑚3
𝑚𝑉 = = = 8.69𝑘𝑔
𝑣𝑔 𝑚3
0.004925
𝑘𝑔

𝑉𝑉 0.0428𝑚3
𝑚𝐿 = = = 19.34𝑘𝑔
𝑣𝑓 𝑚3
0.002213
𝑘𝑔

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑟 8.69𝑘𝑔


Quality, 𝑥 = = = 0.31 𝑜𝑟 31%
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑖𝑥𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 19.34𝑘𝑔 + 8.69𝑘𝑔

(b)

𝑚𝑉 Vv Saturated Vapour

𝑚𝐿 VL Saturated Liquid
𝑚𝑉 = 𝑚𝐿

𝑉𝑉 + 𝑉𝐿 = 0.0856

𝑉𝑉 = 𝑚𝑉 𝑣𝑔 = 0.004925𝑚𝑉

𝑉𝐿 = 𝑚𝐿 𝑣𝑓 = 0.002213𝑚𝐿

Substituting in equation 2,

0.004925𝑚𝑉 + 0.002213𝑚𝐿 = 0.0856

0.004925𝑚𝑉 + 0.002213𝑚𝑉 = 0.0856

𝑚𝑉 = 11.9 𝑘𝑔

𝑚𝐿 = 11.9 𝑘𝑔

𝑚3
𝑉𝑉 = 𝑚𝑉 𝑣𝑔 = 11.9 𝑘𝑔 (0.004925 ) = 0.05905𝑚3
𝑘𝑔

𝑚3
𝑉𝐿 = 𝑚𝐿 𝑣𝑓 = 11.9 𝑘𝑔 (0.002213 ) = 0.02653𝑚3
𝑘𝑔

PROBLEM 2.) Air at 200 kPa, 30°C is contained in a cylinder/piston arrangement with
initial volume 0.1 m3. The inside pressure balances ambient pressure of 100 kPa plus an
externally imposed force that is proportional to V0.5. Now heat is transferred to the system
to a final pressure of 225 kPa. Find the final temperature and the work done in the process.

Solution:

C.V. Air. This is a control mass. Use initial state and process to find T2

𝑃1 = 𝑃0 + 𝐶𝑉 0.5

200 = 100 + 𝐶(0.1)0.5

𝐶 = 316.23

225 = 100 + (316.23)𝑉2 0.5

𝑉2 = 0.156, 𝑚3

𝑃1 𝑉1 𝑇2
𝑃2 𝑉2 = 𝑚𝑅𝑇2 =
𝑇1

𝑃2 𝑉2 225(0.156)(303.15)
𝑇2 = ( ) (𝑇1 ) = = 532𝐾 = 258.9°𝐶
𝑃1 𝑉1 200(0.1)

𝑊12 = ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = ∫(𝑃0 + 𝐶𝑉 0.5 )𝑑𝑉


𝐶2
𝑊12 = 𝑃0 (𝑉2 − 𝑉1 ) +
3

(316.23)(2) 3 3 0.5
𝑊12 = 100(0.156 − 0.1) + (0.156 − 0.12 ) = 11.9 𝑘𝐽
2
3

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