DIRECT & INDIRECT WITH W-H QUESTION
1. Meaning
A Direct with W-H question begin with a main clause that mention the
speaker and the verb ask, followed by a comma the exact words of the quote
enclosed in quotation marks.
E.g : The girl asked me, “Where do you come from?”
Indirect with W-H question also began with clause but is followed by the
content of the quote as it relates to the speaker intime person place and
direction at the moment of speaking the head of the question clause.
E.g : The girl asked me where I came from.
But if the sentence is in Simple Present, you just change the pronouns.
E.g : John says, “Why do you hate rats?” (Direct)
John says why I hate rats (Indirect)
2. Formula
Direct
He asked me + W-H(What, When, Where, etc) + Do/does + S + V 1 + C
Indirect
He asked me + W-H(What, When, Where, etc) + S + V2 + C
1. Simple Present into Past Tense
Simple present is
DIRECT INDIRECT
Formula V: W-H + Do/does + S + V1 + C W-H + S + V2 + C
N : W-H + Tobe + S + C W-H + S + Tobe + C
What V : He asked me, “What do you He asked me what I ate for
eat for breakfast?” breakfast
N : He asked me, “What is your He asked me what my name was
name?”
Where V : He asked me, “Where does He asked me where she lived
she live?”
N : He asked me, “Where is the He asked me where the post
post office?” office was
When V : He asked me, “When does the He asked me when the party
party hold?” held
N : He asked me, “When is you’re He asked me when my birthday
birthday party?” party was
Who V : He asked me, “Who does buy He asked me who bought the
the coat?” coat
N : He asked me, “Who is your He asked me who my boyfriend
boyfriend?” was
Why V : He asked me, “Why do you He asked me why I cried
cry?”
N : He asked me, “Why are you He asked me why I was late
late?”
How V : He asked me, “How do you He asked me how I felt that day
feel today?”
N : He asked me, “How are you He asked me how I was that day
today?”
2. Present Continuous Into Past Continuous
Present continuous use to say something doing right now & Past continuous
too, but anothing thing happen while we do it.
DIRECT INDIRECT
Formul W-H + Tobe + S + Ving + C W-H + S + Tobe + Ving + C
a
What She asked me, "What are you She asked me what I was doing
doing?"
When She asked me, "When are you She asked when I was going
going?"
Where She asked me, "Where are you She asked me where I was
going?" going
Who She asked me, "Who are you She asked me who I was
inviting?" inviting
Why She asked me. "Why are you She asked me why I was crying
crying?"
How She asked me, "How are you going?" She asked me how I was going
3. Simple Past Tense Into Past Perfect Tense
Past tense use in the past time & past perfect happen in the past with a
specific time.
DIRECT INDIRECT
Formul W-H + Did + S + V1 + C W-H + S + Had + V3 + C
a
What She asked me, "What did you do last She asked me what I had
night?" done the day before
When She asked me, "When did you go?" She asked me when I
had gone
Where She asked me, "Where were you?" She asked me where I
had been
Who She asked me, "Who did you call?" She asked me who you
had called
Why She asked me, "Why did you cry?" She asked me why I had
cried
How She asked me, "How did you go?" She asked me how I had
gone
Change
Personal pronouns and auxiliary
First Change
I She/He
You I/Me
Will Would
Am, is, are Was, Were
Shall/will Should/Would
Can Could
May Might
Must, have/has to Had to
Ought to
Adverb of time and place
First Change
Now Then
Tomorrow The following day
Next week The following
week
Tonight That night
Today That day
Yesterday The day before
Last Night The night before
Lat week The week before
Here There
This That
These Those
3. The question From the Other Group :
Group 2 : (Kartika Asdi)
Question : your group write He asked me what Your name was in
indirect speech form as the example of nominal sentence
from Simple Present into Past Tense. So my question is : Why
is it your not my ?
Answer : Ok we want to say sorry because we have mistake with the
writing
Group 4 : (Jaka Mua’rif)
Question : why we must say “he asked not he enquire” in the sentence or
direct and indirect speech ?
Answer : because, we normally and always use that when we speak, we
can use that but not very often.
