Irrigation Water Scheduling
Water distribution systems:
‐ Continuous water supply
the same discharge flows continuously day and night throughout
the irrigation season along the canals and into the irrigation units.
D‐ Canal
6q
1 q q 2
3 q q 4
5 q q 6
Irrigation unit
(6 fields)
‐ Rotational water supply
Water is supplied continuously in the irrigation system but
Water is supplied continuously in the irrigation system but
irrigators within the irrigation unit take it turn to use the
water.
D‐ Canal D‐ Canal
6q 1 6q 2 6q 1 2
6q
3 4 3 4
5 6 5 6
Irrigation unit
(6 fields)
Water Requirement for Paddy Cultivation
Sri Lankan practice:
p
Maha Season: 12”/month
Yala Season : 14”/month
/
" "
1 1
Daily water requirement = ~ (8.5 mm – 12.7 mm)
3 2
Consider an area of 1 ha:
Supply rate to meet daily water requirement:
pp y y q
8.5 10,000 4
= * 9 . 838 * 10 m 3
/s
1000 24 * 3600
= ~ 1.0 l/sec
‐ Very low flow rate
‐ Continuous water supply system will be inefficient
Rotational Supply System
i. For 7 ‐ day rotation/ 24 hr water supply :
Supply rate to meet weekly water requirement :
Supply rate to meet weekly water requirement :
= (9.838 ×10‐4 m3/s)× 7
= (6.886 ×10
= (6 886 ×10‐3 m3/s)
/s)
= 6.88 l/sec
~ 7 l/sec
7 l/
7‐ day
y rotation
24 hr water supply
Irrigate 2‐ lots at a time
.
. . Water supply rate (for 2 lots)= 6.88 × 2 = 14 l/sec
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 L/s
FC1
14 L/s
7 L/s
7 8 9 10 11 12
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
FC Lot Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sat.
No. nos.
FC 1
FC 1 12 1 7
1, 7 2 8
2, 8 3 9
3, 9 4 10
4, 10 5 11
5, 11 6 12
6, 12 ‐‐‐
FC 2
FC 3
ii. 7‐ day rotation
12 hr water supply
Irrigate 1‐ lot at a time
Supply rate to meet daily water requirement :
= 8.5 10 000
×
1000 ×
12 3600
= 1.967 × 10‐3 m3/s
1.97 l/sec
.
. . Supply rate to meet weekly
pp y y water requirement :
q
=1.97× 7 l/sec
= 13.8 l/sec
13.8 l/sec
14 l/sec
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
1 2 3 4 5 6
14 L/s
FC1
14 L/s
7 8 9 10 11 12
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Lot 1 – Sunday – 6.00 AM to 6.00 PM
L t 7 Sunday –
Lot 7 – S d 6 00 PM t 6 00 AM
6.00 PM to 6.00 AM on Monday
M d
Canal closed on Saturday
Canal closed on Saturday. 77‐ day rotation
12 hr water supply
Irrigate 1‐ lot at a time
ii. 12 hr water supply / 7 ‐ day rotation
FC No. Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sat.
No. of
Lots 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM
6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM
FC1 12 1 7 2 8 3 9 4 10 5 11 6 12 _ _
FC2
FC3
.
.
.
iii. 7‐ day rotation
24 hr water supply
Irrigate 3‐ lots at a time
S
Supply rate to meet daily
l t t t d il water requirement :
t i t
= 8.5 10 000
×
1000 × 3600
24 3600
24
= 9.838 × 10‐4 m3/s
1 0 l/
1.0 l/sec
.
. . Supply rate to meet weekly water requirement :
= (9.838 ×
(9 838 10‐44 m3/s )×
/ ) 7
= 6.886 × 10‐3 m3/s
= 6.88 l/sec
7 l/sec
Water supply rate (for 3 lots)= 7 × 3 = 21 l/sec
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
1 2 3 4 5 6
FC1 7 L/s 7 L/s
21 L/s
/
7 L/s
7 8 9 10 11 12
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
FC Lot Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sat.
N
No. nos.
FC 1 12 1,2,7 3,8,9 4,5,10 6,11,12 ‐‐‐ ‐‐‐ ‐‐‐
FC 2
FC 2
FC 3
D1/201 GALPORUYAYA
FC No. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sat. Sun.
No. of 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM
Lots
6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM 6 PM 6 AM
FC1 05 1,2,3 4,5 1,2,3 4,5
FC3 08 1,2,3 4,5,6 7,8 1,2,3 4,5,6 7,8
FC4 10 4,5,6 7,8,9 10 1,2,3 4,5,6 7,8,9 10 1,2,3
FC5 12 1,2,3 4,5,6 7,8,9 10,11 1,2,3 4,5,6 7,8,9 10,11
12 12
FC6 10 789
7,8,9 10 123
1,2,3 456
4,5,6 789
7,8,9 10 123
1,2,3 456
4,5,6
FC7 13 1,2,3 4,5,6 7,8,9 10,1 13 1,2,3 4,5,6 7,8,9 10,1 13
112 112
FC8 15
5 7,8,9 10, 13, 1,2,3 4,5,6 7,8,9 10, 13, 1,2,3 4,5,6
11 14, 11, 14,
12 15 12 15
FC9 07 1,2,3 4,5,6 7 1,2,3 4,5,6 7
FC10 09 789
7,8,9 123
1,2,3 456
4,5,6 789
7,8,9 123
1,2,3 456
4,5,6
FC 01 1 1
3A
ft3/s 4 4 4 4
12 hrs water supply
Average = 4.38 (cfs)
day rotation
With 10% Loss (cfs) 4.8 cfs
03 blocks at a time
DC‐3
Exercise: DC‐1
FC TURN OUT
DC TURN OUT
DC‐5
FC
RESERVOIR
Main Canal
Field Canals
Field Canals
DC‐2 DC‐4
No. of distribution canals =5
No of field canals in a D
No. D-Canal
Canal = 10
No. of lots irrigated by a field canal = 10 + Remainder of (Reg.No./5)
DC-1 DC-1
FC‐10 FC‐10
14 ha 12 ha
FC‐9 FC‐9
8+X/10 ha 5+X/10 ha
FC‐8 FC‐8
18 ha 18 ha
FC‐7 FC‐7
20 ha 20 ha
FC‐6 FC‐6
16 ha 16 ha
FC‐5 FC 5
FC‐5
14 ha 14 ha
FC‐4 FC‐4
7+X/10 ha 20 ha
FC‐3 FC‐3
8ha 8+X/10ha
FC‐2 FC‐2
15 ha 15 ha
FC‐1 FC‐1
20 ha 12 ha
q q
Q Q q
Q ‐
SYSTEM 01 SYSTEM 02
N = 0; Maha Season N = 1; Yala Season
Step 1: Select daily irrigation water requirement in one of the seasons
(Maha or Yala).
(Apply application efficiency to estimate the amount of water to
be released from the distribution canal and farm turn-out).
Step 2: Compute the water supply rate for each irrigation unit
corresponding
p g to g
given irrigation
g schedule ((Design
g criteria).
)
Decide the number of lots (fields) that will be irrigated at a time.
Please note that the maximum flow rate in one field canal should
not exceed 1 Cusec (=1 ft3/s) .
1 Cumec ( = 1 m3/s) = 35.3 Cusec (=1
( 1 ft3/s)
1 Cusec = 28.3 l/s
Step 3: Prepare a summary table for each irrigation schedule:
Number of lot irrigated
g by
y a field canal = 10 + Remainder ((Reg.No/5)
g )
Eg: This is taken as 10 + 4 = 14
Unit Total Area/ lot Flow rate (l/s) for (24 hr water supply for No of lots irrigated
area (ha) 7 day requirement (l/s) /day
(ha)
1 20 1.43 6.18 4
2 8 0.57 2.46 4
3 14 1.0 4.32 5
.. .. … ……
… … … …..
.. … … …..
10 15 1.07 ….
Step 4: Prepare a table to show a weekly irrigation schedule for each design criteria.
Distribute the lots for different time slots in a week, for all irrigation units
given until the total flow rate to be released from the distribution canal is
approximately a constant in all seven days in the week.
