Finite Element Analysis
Lecture 1
Dr./ Ahmed Nagib
April 30, 2016
Research and Development
Mathematical Model
Mathematical Model
Mathematical Model
Finite Element Analysis
The linear equation of motion for vibration is
𝑴 𝒙ሷ + 𝑪 𝒙ሶ + 𝑲 𝒙 = 𝑭
• 𝒙 , which is the displacement vector
• 𝒙ሷ , which is the acceleration vector
• 𝑴 , which is the Mass matrix
• 𝑲 , which is the stiffness matrix
• 𝑪 , which is the damping matrix
• 𝑭 , which is the load vector
Finite Element Softwares
Finite Element Analysis
Finite Element Analysis
Finite Element Analysis
Static Analysis
For a linear static structural analysis, the global displacement
vector 𝒙 is solved for in the matrix equation below:
𝑲 𝒙 = 𝑭
Assumptions made for linear static structural analysis are:
• 𝑲 , which is the global stiffness matrix, is constant
– Linear elastic material behavior is assumed
– Small deflection theory is used
• 𝑭 , which is the global load vector, is statically applied
– No time-varying forces are considered
– No damping effects
Axial Stress
13
Beam under the action of two tensile forces
14
Beam under the action of two tensile forces
15
Torsion Stress
16
Torsion Stress
17
Torsion Stress
18
Angle of Twist
19
Torsion of a Shaft with Circular Cross-Section
20
Torsion of a Shaft with Circular Cross-Section
21
Torsion of a Beam with the Square Cross-Section
22
Torsion of a Beam with the Square Cross-Section
23
Bending Stress
24
Bending Stress
25
Bending a Cantilever Beam under a Concentrated Load
26
Bending a Cantilever Beam under a Concentrated Load
27
Bending Stress
28
Bending Stress
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Bending Stress
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Bending Stress
31
Bending Stress
32
Bending Stress
33
Bending Stress
34
Bending of Curved beam
Displacement Stress in x direction
35
Finite Element Analysis
Finite Element Analysis
Static Analysis
Static Analysis
Static Analysis
Static Analysis
Static Analysis
Static Analysis
Linear vs Non Linear solve
In a linear analysis, the matrix equation [K]{x}={F} is solved in one iteration. That
means the model stiffness does not change during solve : [K] is constant. A non
linear solve allow stiffness changes and uses an iterative process to solve the
problem. In a static structural analysis, ANSYS runs a non linear solve
automatically when the model contains :
- Non linear material laws : Plasticity, Creep, Gasket, Viscoelasticity …
- Non linear contact : Frictionless, Rough, Frictional
- Large deflection turned <<ON>>
- Joints
- Bolt pretension
Modal Analysis
The linear equation of motion for free, un-damped vibration is
𝑴 𝒙ሷ + 𝑲 𝒙 = 𝟎
Assume harmonic motion:
𝒙 = 𝝓 𝒊 sin 𝜔𝑖 𝑡 + 𝜃𝑖
𝒙ሷ = −𝜔𝒊𝟐 𝝓 𝒊 sin 𝜔𝑖 𝑡 + 𝜃𝑖
Substituting 𝒙 and 𝒙ሷ 𝐢n the governing equation gives an
eigenvalue equation:
−𝜔𝒊𝟐 𝑴 + 𝑲 𝝓𝒊= 𝟎
where
𝜔𝑖 : Natural Frequencies
𝝓 𝒊 : Mode Shapes
Modal Analysis
Modal Analysis
Modal Analysis
Modal Analysis
Assumptions for Modal Analysis
• [K] and [M] are constant:
– Linear elastic material behavior is assumed
– Small deflection theory is used, and no nonlinearities
included
– [C] is not present, so damping is not included
– {F} is not present, so no excitation of the structure is
assumed
– Mode shapes 𝝓 𝒊 are relative values, not absolute
Modal Analysis
Modal Results:
• Because there is no excitation applied to the structure the
mode shapes are relative values not actual ones.
–Because a modal result is based on the model’s properties
and not a particular input, we can interpret where the
maximum or minimum results will occur for a particular mode
shape but not the actual value.
Modal Analysis
Modal Analysis
Modal Analysis
Modal Analysis
Modal Analysis
Modal Analysis
Modal Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Dynamic Analysis
Fluid-Structure Interaction
Solid Mechanics-Structural Analysis Fluid Dynamics
Solved by Finite Element Analysis Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
79
Recent Computational Methodology
Finite Element Analysis Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
Commercial Ansys Mechanical, Abaqus Ansys Fluent, Ansys CFX, Open-foam
Software
80
Recent Computational Methodology
81
Recent Computational Methodology
82
Fluid-Structure Interaction
Recent Computational Methodology
1 way FSI vs Two way FSI
84
Fluid-Structure Interaction
Fluid Structure Interaction
