A “Gentle” Introduction to

Cloud Computing

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Source: Wikipedia
 Platform Computing, Inc.

Platform
Clusters, Grids, Clouds, Whatever
Computing

The leader in managing large scale shared environments

o 18 years of profitable growth
o 2,000 of the world’s most demanding client organizations
o 5,000,000 CPUs under management
o Headquarters in Toronto, Canada
o 500+ professionals working across 13 global centers
o Partnerships with Dell, HP, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Red Hat and
VMWare

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 What is Cloud?

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 Evolution of Cloud Computing
HPC/ Enterprise Grid Public & Private Cloud

Customer Profile

Internet
Services
Internet

Client / Server
Silos

PC
VM Cluster
Mainframe
“Big Data”
,BI/Analytics,

Time
1980 1980 1990 2000 2010 2015

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 ‘Cloud Computing’ Defined

Model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to

a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can
be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal
management effort or service provider interaction. - NIST

Server 5 Key Characteristics

• On-demand, self-service
• Shared resource pools
Storage • Rapid elasticity
• Measured service
• Broad network access
Network

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Cloud Taxonomy

Service Models

Software-as-a-Service
SaaS • End user applications
• Single or multi-tenant

Platform-as-a-Service
PaaS • Application development platform
• E.g., middleware, multi-tier

Infrastructure-as-a-Service
IaaS • Full range of IT components
• E.g., VMs, database, OS

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More Cloud Taxonomy

Deployment Models

• Made available to the public

• Pay as you go
Public • Security, compliance, performance questions

• Operated for one organization

• Behind corporate firewall
Private • Maximize control
• Requires infrastructure and management

• Composition of private and public cloud usage

• Federated data and process sharing
Hybrid

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 Public Clouds

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 Public Clouds

• Amazon EC2/S3
• Microsoft Azure
• Google AppEngine
• Salesforce.com

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 Amazon EC2

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Amazon EC2 Concepts
Network Security Model:
•Explicit access control
•Security groups
• Start/stop
programmatically

Amazon Machine Images

•Bootable root disk
•Pre-defined or user-built
•Catalog of user-built AMIs

Instance
• Running copy of an
AMI
• Launch in less than
2 minutes
• Start/stop
programmatically

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Microsoft Azure

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 Google AppEngine

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 Salesforce.com

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 Risks in Public Cloud

•Confidentiality
– name, home addresses, birth dates, medical information, or credit card or other
financial data
•Security
– Protection against physical and electronic security vulnerabilities
•Service Usability
•Reliability or Supplier Viability
– Will your web 2.0 service provider goes bust/bought over? Example: twitter ( no
money- business model, just burning cash)
•Data Protection Risk
– Data backups and ability to restore data in the event data is lost or corrupted
– Your org is prosecuted under Data Protection legislation.
• Is a Web 2.0 SP a “Data Processor”?
• Can users maintain their privacy?
• Are personal details send outside your country/area?
• Can you delete information?
• Have you clarified what you are doing?

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 Private/Hybrid
Enterprise Clouds

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 Enterprise Data Center Challenges

Google & Amazon Have Reset the Bar for Delivering IT Services

• End users want systems

much faster
Lots of progress but…
• High IT costs
- Low utilization
- Manual, repetitive processes
- Excessive space & power
consumption
• Support existing apps and IT
tools while improving
• Vendor lock-in
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 Expectations for Cloud Computing

• Increase agility and innovation

- Enable self-service delivery (minutes)
- Deliver on SLAs
- Simplify process for ‘what-if’
experimentation
- Gain control over public cloud usage

• Decrease costs
- Increase utilization
- Increase operational efficiency (100s
server per admin)
- Achieve a greener data center
- Maintain vendor choice
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 Common Use Cases

Development Test / QA Production

Help Desk HPC

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 Platform ISF for Cloud Management

Applications and Middleware

Platform ISF
Supports
Complete, Entire

Workflow & Approvals

Application Support
Modular Cloud
Management
Operational

Reporting &
Cloud Self-Service
Chargeback Lifecycle
Management from Request
Allocation Engine
Product to
Resource Integrations Reclamation

VM H/W External
Management Provisioning Clouds
Data Center
Systems
Server Storage Network

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 Top Insurance Company
Problem
• Slow: weeks to get resources from IT App Users
• High cost: still low utilization with VMs
Test/Dev IT Users
• Manual labour: managing silos of IT
• Idle resources: not reclaimed

Platform Solution
Self-service
• Start with self-service Dev/Test cloud (VM and Portal
WebSphere)
• Integrated with internal app configuration Infrastructure Middleware
system & vLANs for isolation
• Future: enable customer SaaS & cloud bursting
Platform ISF

Results
• Reduce provisioning time from weeks to
minutes
• Increase innovation by reducing IT friction Data Centers
• Reduce cost of IT infrastructure
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 Major Bank
Problem App 1 App 2 App N
• Low utilization of >1000 UNIX SMP server
silos
• High operating costs and long delivery times
with manual provisioning App App App
Server Server Server
• App dev expensive & not standardized

Platform Solution
• Java cloud spanning dev, test, UAT &
production App 1 App 2 App N
• Full commodity stack: Linux & Xen/KVM,
JBoss
• Multi-data center “Active-Active” for HA
Self Service Portal
Results App Server
Platform ISF
• Guaranteed 2 sec Web response time Virtual Servers
• IT delivery time in minutes not weeks
• Increase productivity of 1000s app developers
• Reduce capital cost by 50%
• Enable vendor choice and flexibility
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 Leading Government Contractor
Problem
• High costs: infrastructure and admin duplication LOBs & Agencies
across 100s of silo LOB programs
• Long IT delivery times for end users
• No global visibility to IT usage
Self-service
Platform Solution Portal

• Corporate cloud data center with secure access

Infrastructure Middleware
to each group and agency
• Hierarchical self service: end users, Line-of-
Business managers, cloud managers Platform ISF
• Resource quotas to balance requests with
funding

Results
• <1 minute response to self-service requests
• Reduced admin cost
• Improved capacity, performance, support and Resource Pools
maintenance
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 Building a Cloud:
Technology & Process
Challenges

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 Where Are You
With Your Cloud Strategy?

1. Trying To Understand ‘Cloud’

2. Creating The Business Case
3. Building a Proof of Concept
4. Planning to Implement in 2012
5. Building Now
6. Implemented

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 Vendor Landscape

IBM

BMC Platform ISF

CA
VCE/
Product Footprint

Cisco DynamicOps
Surgient
VMware
HP
Cloud.com
Abiquo

Eucalyptus

Openstack

Openness
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 Journey To Private Cloud

Discovery 3

Use Cases 4
Proof of
Concept

Production

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 Cloud Is More Than VM
1 2 3 4

Cloud Data
Center

Virtual “

Agility / Data Center

Self-
Service Server
Consolidation

! "
Automation, Orchestration, Scalability

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 People & Politics
1 2 3 4
• Business Sponsorship
- Executives
- End users

• IT from Cost Center to Services

- Culture
- Process and operations

• Cloud Governance
- Security
- SLA
- Usage guidelines (e.g., bursting)
- Chargeback

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 From Infrastructure to Applications
1 2 3 4
App Users
Applications
(SaaS Enable)

App Developers
Middleware &
App Platforms
(PaaS Enable)

IT Users Infrastructure
Services
(IaaS)

Cloud Management

Resource Pools

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 Build Cloud Business Case
1 2 3 4

• Depends upon use case

• Strategic justification - Cloud is transformative

- Return = speed, agility, customers

• Use of the classic “ROI”

- Cost = OpEx (# servers / admin), CapEx (commodity stack, #
servers), investment (license, services)
- Risk = ready to deploy vs. stitching together

• Assumptions are key – need real data points

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 Run A Proof of Concept (POC)
1 2 3 4

• Focus on key customer requirements and include

customers in the process (build support)

• Manageable size with focus

• Dedicate resources (people and technology)

• Plan & sign off by stakeholders

• Defined schedule (4-8 weeks)

• Compile results for your business case

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 Expand Production Over Time
1 2 3 4

• Pilot
- Start small and build on success
- Implement functions in stages: self-service,
reservations, bursting, elasticity, chargeback, etc.
• Adapt your IT processes, policies & procedures
- Service provider vs. cost center
- Build & train your cloud operations team
- New metrics for SLA
• Develop robust service catalog
- Reusable services / design for elasticity
• Expand capabilities and use cases

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 Private Cloud is Your Journey
1 2 3 4

Applications

Company A

Platforms Company B

Company C

Infrastructure

Dev/ Production Production

Test Internal External

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 Continuously Seek To Consolidate
1 2 3 4

Consolidate Apps Based on Resources and Op Requirements

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 Summary

• Evolution of Cloud
• Cloud Definitions & Concepts
• Public Cloud Examples
• Private/Hybrid Clouds
• Building A Cloud

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