ENGINEERING DESIGN BASIS (STRUCTURAL)
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CONTENTS
1.0 GENERAL..........................................................................................................3
2.0 REFERENCED STANDARDS & PUBLICATIONS...........................................3
3.0 MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION..................................................................5
4.0 DESIGN LOADS................................................................................................5
5.0 SOIL AND HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE..........................................................8
6.0 LOAD COMBINATIONS....................................................................................9
7.0 FOUNDATION DESIGN...................................................................................9
8.0 FLOORING DETAILS FOR BUILDINGS & SHEDS.......................................11
9.0 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR RCC STRUCTURES.............................11
10.0 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR STEEL STRUCTURES.........................14
11.0 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR MASONRY WORKS.............................17
12.0 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS.......................17
13.0 QUESTIONAIRE ON STRUCTURAL RELATED ACTIVITY...........................20
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1.0 GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
This specification defines the design criteria and loads that shall be taken in to
account for the design of all industrial plant and non-plant structures and
buildings for a pipeline project. The design considerations given hereunder
establish the minimum basic requirements of reinforced concrete structures,
structural steel works and masonry structures. However, all structures shall be
designed for the satisfactory performance of the functions for which the same
are to be constructed.
1.2 DEFINITION
The Contractor is the party which carries our all or part of the design,
engineering, procurement, construction, commissioning or management of a
project, or operation or maintenance of a facility. The Principal may undertake
all or part of the duties of the Contractor.
The Manufacturer/Supplier is the party which manufactures or supplies
equipment and services to perform the duties specified by the Contractor.
The Principal is the party which initiates the project and ultimately pays for its
design and construction. The Principal will generally specify the technical
requirements. The Principal may also include an agent or consultant
authorized to act for, and on behalf of, the Principal. In this specification,
Principal is also referred to as Company.
The word shall indicate a mandatory requirement. The word should indicate
a recommendation.
2.0 REFERENCED STANDARDS & PUBLICATIONS
2.1 GENERAL
Latest BIS codes of Practice shall be applicable. Indian Standard (IS) Codes
shall be followed for design. In case of any design provision not covered in IS
Codes, relevant American/European Codes should be followed in consultation
with Company.
2.2 INDIAN CODES
1. Portland Slag Cement IS: 455
2. Code of practice for plain & reinforced concrete IS: 456
3. Code of practice for general construction in steel IS: 800
4. Code of practice for use of cold formed light gauge steel
Structural members in general building construction IS: 801
5. Code of practice for use of structural steel in overhead
Transmission line towers IS: 802
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6. Code of practice for use of steel tubes in general
Building construction IS: 806
7. Indian Standard on Dimensions of Hot Rolled Steel
Beams, Columns, Channel and Angles IS: 808
8. Scheme of symbols for welding IS: 813
9. Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding
Of carbon and carbon manganese steel IS: 814
10. Code of practice for use of metal arc welding for general
Construction IS: 816
11. Code of practice for design loads IS:875
12. Common burnt clay building bricks-specification IS:1077
13. Steel tubes for structural purposes-specifications IS: 1161
14. Code of practice for construction of stone masonry IS:1597
15. Fillers for expansion joints IS:1838
16. Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures IS:1893Part -1& 4)
17. Code of Practice for design & construction of foundation in soils IS: 1904
18. Code of practice for structural use of unreinforced
Masonry IS: 1905
19. Steel for General Structural Purposes – Specifications IS: 2062
20. Code of Practice for bending and fixing of bars for concrete R/F IS: 2502
21. Recommended practice for hot dipped galvanizing
on iron and steel IS:2629
22. Methods for testing uniformity of coating of
Zinc coated articles IS: 2633
23. Code of practice for Design and construction of Pile
foundations. IS: 2911
24. Code of practice for design & construction of
Raft foundations IS: 2950
25. Code of practice for design & construction of
Machine foundations IS: 2974
26. Code of practice for concrete structures for
Storage of liquids IS: 3370
27. Steel Chequered Plates – Specification IS: 3520
28. Code of practice for design and construction of foundation
for transmission line towers and poles. IS: 4091
29. Code of practice for earthquake resistant design
and construction of buildings IS:4326
30. Rectangular & Square steel hollow sections IS:4923
31. Determination of dynamic property of soil –method
of test. IS: 5249
32. Code of practice for anti-termite measures in buildings IS: 6313
33. Code of Practice for determination of bearing capacity of shallow
Foundation IS: 6403
34. Method for determination of mass of zinc coating IS: 6745
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35. Code of Practice for Calculation of settlement of foundations IS: 8009
36. Chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrates IS: 8944
37. Recommendations for metal arc welding of carbon
and carbon manganese steel IS: 9595
38. Two parts polysulphide based sealants IS: 12118
39. Indian Standard on Hot Rolled Parallel Flanged Steel
Sections for Beams, Columns and Bearing Piles IS: 12778
40. Code of practice for ductile detailing of reinforced
Concrete structures subjected to seismic forces IS: 13920
41. Fire Proofing in Oil and Gas Industry
(A publication of Oil Industry Safety Directorate) OISD-STD-164
42. National Building Code
43. Building Bye Laws
44. Factory Rules
Note The above list is suggestive and not exhaustive. Apart from these basic
codes any other related codes shall also be followed wherever required.
3.0 MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
3.1 All shed type structures such as Pump House, etc. shall be in Structural Steel
with pre-coated zinc aluminum/galvanize steel sheet roofing /cladding.
3.2 For all process units, Structural Steel shall be fire-proofed where ever
required as per OISD.
3.3 Pipe supports, cross over, access way, service platform shall completely be of
steel construction with Electro forged Galvanized Grating unless RCC floor is
required from operations considerations.
3.4 All buildings shall be as per Architectural Design Basis and of RCC frame type
construction with brick masonry walls.
3.5 Boundary wall shall be of Brick masonry, Stone Masonry or RCC columns/
footings/plinth beams & brick masonry/stone masonry as filler walls.
3.6 Bricks for masonry works shall be class 7.5/ 5.0 for all stations conforming to
IS: 1077.
4.0 DESIGN LOADS
4.1 These loadings shall be applicable to all structures irrespective of the material
employed for construction.
a. Dead Loads
The weight of all permanent construction including walls, fire proofing, floors,
roofs, partitions, stairways and fixed service and other equipments excluding
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their content. Self Weight of materials will be calculated on the basis of unit
weights given in IS: 875 (Part 1).
b. Equipment Loads
The empty weight of process equipment including all fixtures, platforms,
ladders and attached piping but excluding contents shall be considered. If
piping weight is not indicated separately or included in the weight of the
equipment, the same shall be taken as 10% of the weight of the equipment.
c. Live Loads
Live loads shall, in general, be as per IS: 875. However, the following
minimum live loads shall be considered in the design of structures to account
for maintenance and erection as well:
i. Process Building/Technological Structure (Open/Enclosed type)
Operating area - 5.0 kN/m2
Maintenance area - 7.5 kN/m2
ii. Compressor House
Operating area - 7.5 kN/m2
Maintenance area - 7.5 kN/m2 (or as specified
by machine vendor)
iii. Service Platform
Vessel/Tower - 3.0 kN/m2
Isolated platform - 2.5 kN/m2
(for valve operation)
Access way - 2.5 kN/m2
Cross over - 2.0 kN/m2
iv. Substation/Control Room
Panel floor - 10.0 kN/m2
Partitions - 1.0 kN/m2
v. Office building
Office area - 3.0 kN/m2
Lobby - 5.0 kN/m2
Exit way - 5.0 kN/m2
Partitions - 1.0 kN/m2
vi. Laboratory
Upper floors - 4.0 kN/m2
vii. Staircase
Office - 5.0 kN/m2
Substation/Control Room - 3.0 kN/m2
Laboratory - 3.0 kN/m2
Service platform - 2.5 kN/m2
Process Building/
Technological Structure - 5.0 kN/m2
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viii. Walkway
Gantry girder - 3.0 kN/m2
Live load on various types of roofs shall be as per the requirements given in
IS: 875.
d. Operating Loads
Operating loads shall include the maximum designed equipment inventory in
the operating cycle of the plant.
e. Wind Loads
Wind loads shall generally be as per IS: 875 except for switch yard structures
& transmission towers for which IS: 802 shall be applicable. The basic wind
speed of the stations/terminals shall be as follows;
DT = m/sec
RT = m/sec
IPS = m/sec
Values of coefficients k1, k2 & k3 shall be as:
k1 (Probability factor, risk coefficient) = 1.00 for permanent structures
and
= 0.90 for temporary structures.
= 0.71 for barricading structures/
Boundary wall (for 5 year life
span)
k2 (Terrain, height & structure size factor) = this shall be taken for relevant
class of structure with
category 2 terrain w.r.t. actual
height of the structure
k3 (Topography factor) = 1.00
The design life span of all structures (units & offsite) shall be taken as 50
years. Temporary structures shall be designed for a design life span of 25
years. Design life span for boundary wall shall be as provided in IS: 875.
To account for surface area of piping, platforms and other attachments fixed
to the equipment the surface area of the equipment (vessel/column) exposed
to wind shall be increased by 20% or as specified in the mechanical data
sheet of the equipment.
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f. Seismic Loads
Seismic forces shall be as per IS: 1893 part 1 & part 4. Ductility detailing of
reinforcement shall be done as per IS: 13920. Seismic zones for
stations/terminals are as follows:
DT = Zone I , II OR III
RT = Zone
IPS = Zone
g. Impact & Vibratory Loads
Structures subjected to impact or vibratory loads shall be designed as per the
provisions of IS: 875 & IS: 2974.
h. Blast Forces
Not Applicable
i. Other Loads
Apart from the specified live loads, any other equipment load or possible
overloading during construction/hydro-test/ maintenance/erection shall also be
considered in the design. Under hydro test condition the wind force shall be
taken as 25% of normal loading.
Design of all structures shall also consider any other relevant and
consequential load/stress imparted to the structure.
All liquid retaining/storage structures shall be designed assuming liquid upto
the full height of wall irrespective of provision of any over flow arrangement.
Pressure relief valves or similar pressure relieving devices shall not be made
in underground water retaining/storage RCC structures. Hot water basin in
Cooling tower shall be designed for the weight of water up to top of parapet
wall.
All buildings/structures shall be designed to resist the worst combination of
the above loads. However wind loads shall not be considered in combination
with loads due to maintenance cranes in workshop, comp. House etc.
5.0 SOIL AND HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
Pressure on basement walls: - In design of basement walls or similar
vertical structure below grade, provision shall be made for the lateral pressure
of adjacent soil. Due allowance shall be made for possible surcharge from
fixed or moving loads. When a portion or whole of adjacent soil is below free
water surface, computations shall be based on the weight of the soil
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diminished by buoyancy (submerged weight of soil) plus full hydrostatic
pressure.
Uplift on floor: - In the design of basement floor and a similar horizontal
construction below grade, the upward pressure of water, if any, shall be taken
as the full hydrostatic pressure applied over the entire area. The Hydrostatic
head shall be measured from the underside of construction. Factor of safety
against uplift shall be 1.2, For the purpose of calculating downward load due
to over burden; the weight for the same shall be calculated for volume over
projected plan area only.
6.0 LOAD COMBINATIONS
All loading combinations shall be done in accordance with the relevant codes
like IS: 456, IS: 800, IS: 875 and IS: 1893. Since, such combinations cannot
exhaustively represent all the possible loading conditions; if necessary,
additional combinations shall be analyzed.
7.0 FOUNDATION DESIGN
7.1 Minimum Requirements
Foundation design shall be as per Geo-Technical Data.
7.1.1 Minimum depth of foundation for all structures shall be as per Geo-Technical
Data. Factors of safety against overturning and sliding shall be as per values
given in Table-1. Component of soil backfill weight over foundation slab shall
be appropriately covered as foundation dead load. For stability checks the
weight of soil as overburden shall be as per Table-1.
7.1.2 The design ground water level shall be as per the Geo-Technical Data and
the hydrostatic pressure shall be adequately accounted for in design.
7.1.3 Allowable net bearing capacity of soil shall be based on the following
settlement criteria for dead plus imposed load conditions:
- Foundations in unit areas, utility areas
and foundations for Plant buildings. 25mm settlement.
- Non Plant buildings. 40mm settlement.
- Raft Foundations 40mm settlement
- Foundations for Storage Tanks:
a) Cone/Dome roof tanks. 300mm edge settlement.
b) Floating roof tanks. 150mm edge settlement.
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For transient loadings, e.g. wind/seismic, settlement shall not be the design
criteria and the SBC (safe bearing capacity) based on shear criteria shall be
considered.
7.1.4 Permissible increase in SBC/Pile Capacities s(for compressive, shear and
uplift/tension) shall be as per the Geo-Technical Data.
7.1.5 Grade of concrete to be used shall in general be as per the philosophy
adopted for the entire project However, minimum cement content, type of
cement & any remedial actions required for foundation due to aggressiveness
of sub soil water shall be as per the Geo-Technical Data.
7.1.6 Foundation for tanks upto 10m diameter shall be of RCC ring wall type.
7.2 Anti Termite Treatment
No anti termite treatment shall be provided inside the unit areas. All buildings
shall be provided with anti termite treatment as per IS: 8944 and IS: 6313.
7.3 Minimum Cover to Foundation Bolts
Minimum distance from the centerline of foundation/anchor bolt to edge of
pedestal shall be the maximum of the following:
i) Clear distance from the edge of the base plate/base frame to the outer
edge of the pedestal shall be minimum 50mm.
ii) Clear distance from the face of pocket to the outer edge of the pedestal
shall be 100mm.
iii) Clear distance from the edge of the sleeve or anchor plate to the edge
of pedestal shall be 100mm.
7.4 Height of Pedestals
The minimum projection of pedestals supporting any steel structure/stanchion
bases shall be 300/150mm above the high point of pavement/ finished
grade/finished floor level whichever is higher, for outdoor and indoor located
pedestals respectively. The maximum projection of pedestals for
staircase/ladder shall be 200mm.
7.5 Grouting & Minimum Grout Thickness
The minimum thickness of grout shall be 25 mm and not more than 50mm.
All anchor bolt sleeves/pockets and spaces under column bases, shoe plates
etc. shall be grouted with free flow, non shrink (premix type) grout with 28-day
minimum cube crushing strength of 40N/mm 2. Ordinary cement sand (1:2)
grout shall only be used under the base plates of cross-overs, short pipe
supports (not exceeding 1.5 m height) and small operating platforms (not
exceeding 2 m height) not supporting any equipment.
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Grouting requirement for machines and equipments are not covered here.
The same shall be governed by vendor’s requirement.
8.0 FLOORING DETAILS FOR BUILDINGS & SHEDS
The specifications given here under shall be adopted for the non-suspended
ground floor slabs for buildings & sheds as categorized in Table-2 only.
For outdoor pavements, Design basis of Gen. Civil shall be referred.
9.0 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR RCC STRUCTURES
9.1 General/design methods
a) All buildings, structures, foundations, machine/equipment foundations,
liquid retaining/storage structures, trenches, pits etc. shall be of RCC and
designed based on the following IS Codes (latest revision with all
amendments issued there to) in general and other relevant IS Codes
applicable: IS: 456, 875, 1893, 1904, 2911, 2950, 2974, 3370, 4091, 4326,
4995, 4991, 4998, 5249, 6403, 8009, 13920.
b) Only limit state method as per IS: 456 shall be followed in the design
unless otherwise specified elsewhere in this document for special
structures.
c) Where the specified design depth of groundwater table so warrants all
underground pits, tunnels, basements etc. (excluding appurtenances of
storm water/effluent collection system, cable trench, pipe trench) shall be
of leak-proof RCC construction using waterproofing compounds.
d) All liquid retaining/storage RCC structures shall be leak-proof and
designed as un-cracked section as per IS: 3370. However, the parts of
such structures not coming in contact with the liquid shall be designed
according to IS:456 except ribs of beams of suspended floor slabs &
counter forts of walls (located on the side remote from the liquid) and roof
which shall be designed as un-cracked section. No increase in
permissible stresses in concrete and reinforcement shall be made under
wind or seismic conditions for such structures.
e) The walls and base slabs of liquid retaining/storage structures shall be
provided with reinforcement on both faces for thickness greater than or
equal to 150mm. In all liquid retaining structures, PVC water bars
(minimum size 230mm wide, 5mm thick) shall be provided at each
construction joint.
f) Hot/cold water basin and other primary framing members of Cooling
towers or similar liquid retaining structures which remain constantly in
contact with water (stored/sprayed) shall be designed as un-cracked
sections.
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g) All structures shall be of frame type construction wherever required.
Detailing shall be done as per IS:13920.
9.2 Reinforcement bars
High Strength Deformed (TMT) bars of grade Fe 500D conforming to IS: 1786
shall be used for all structures at all stations/terminals.18 gauge SWG wire
shall be used for binding reinforcement bars.
9.3 Concrete
The minimum grade of reinforced cement concrete/Ready mix concrete
(RMC) to be used for different structures and foundations shall be M30. From
Durability considerations the minimum cement content and maximum water-
cement ratio shall be as under. However, the maximum cement content shall
not exceed 450 kg/m3.
For all RCC structures other than liquid retaining structures:
Type of Plain concrete Reinforced concrete Exposure
cement (M15) (M30) Condition
Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
cement water- cement water-
content cement ratio content cement
(kg/m3) (kg/m3) ratio
OPC/
240 0.60 320 0.45 Severe
PPC/SRC(*)
OPC: Ordinary Portland Cement, PPC : Portland Pozzolana Cement,
*SRC : Sulphate Resistant Cement (if required as per soil recommendation)
75mm thick lean concrete of grade 1:5:10 shall be provided under all RCC
foundations. The lean concrete shall extend 50mm beyond the foundation for
normal foundations and 75mm under liquid retaining structures.
Plain Cement Concrete (PCC) of grade M15 of minimum 150mm thickness
shall be provided under all masonry wall foundations.
Plain cement concrete of grade M20 of minimum 40mm thickness shall be
provided as damp proof course at plinth level of all masonry walls and to be
coated with 3mm thick bitumen emulsion.
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9.4 Minimum Cover to Main Reinforcement
The following minimum clear cover shall be provided for RCC works.
- Slab (roof & floor), Canopy, 50mm
Cantilever, Waist slab
- Beam (roof, floor & tie), lintel 50mm
- Column, Pedestal 50mm
- Retaining Wall, Basement and Pit Wall.
a) Face in contact with earth 50mm
b) Free face 30mm
- Foundation slab, base slab, plinth beam 50mm
- Pile Cap
a) Bottom face 100mm
b) Top face 50mm
9.5 Minimum Thickness of Structural Concrete Elements
The following minimum thickness shall be followed:
- Footings (All types, with or without beams) 300mm
(Note: Tapered footings shall not have thickness less than 150mm at
the edges. Minimum average thickness shall not be less than 300mm)
- Pile Cap 500mm
- Basement
a) Walls 150mm
b) Base slab with beams 200mm
c) Base slab without beams 300mm
- Slab thickness in Raft foundations with beam & slab construction
150mm
- Floor/Roof Slab, Walkway, and Canopy Slab 150mm
- Cable/Pipe Trench/Launder Walls & Base Slab 125mm
- Parapet 100mm
- Louvre / Fin. 100mm
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- Precast Trench Cover/Precast Floor Slab 125mm
- Louvre (in contact with liquid) 125mm
- Underground Pit
a) Walls 150mm
b) Base slab with beams 200mm
c) Base slab without beams 300mm
10.0 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR STEEL STRUCTURES
10.1 General/design methods
a) Design, fabrication and erection of the above work shall be carried out in
accordance with the following IS Codes as applicable to the specific
structures, viz. IS: 800, 801, 802, 806, 814, 816, 875, 1893, 9178, 9595,
6533, etc. Basic consideration of structural frame work shall primarily be
stability, ease of fabrication/erection and overall economy satisfying relevant
Indian Standard Codes of Practice. Simple and fully rigid design as per IS:
800 shall be used. Where fully rigid joints are adopted they shall generally be
confined to the major axis of the column member
b) Structural elements continuously exposed to temperatures above 200 0 C shall
be designed for reduced stress as per Table 4 of IS: 6533 (Part 2). The
expected temperature of steel components shall not be allowed to exceed
4000 C.
c) Crane gantry girders shall generally be of welded construction and of single
span length. Chequered plate shall be used for gantry girder walkway flooring.
d) Steel staircases for main approaches to operating platforms shall have
channels provided as stringers with minimum clear width of 750mm and slope
of app. 41 degree. The vertical height between successive landings shall not
be less than 2.6m nor exceed 4.0 meters. Treads shall be minimum 230mm
wide made of grating (with suitable nosing) spaced equally so as to restrict
the rise to maximum 200mm.
e) Hand rails, 1000mm high, shall be provided to all walkways, platforms,
staircases. Toe plate (100mmx5mm) shall be provided for all hand railing
(except for staircases). Spacing of uprights shall be 1500mm (maximum).
Two types of hand railing shall be provided.
i) For Tech. structures, walkways, platforms (except platform around/on
circular/horizontal vessels), staircases: Top rail, mid-rail and upright
shall be 32mm dia (NB) painted MS tubes.
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ii) For platforms around circular vessels: Top rail shall be 32mm dia (NB)
painted MS tubes but mid rail and upright shall be of structural steel.
f) Electroforged hot dip galvanised MS Gratings shall conform to BPCL Std.
g) Welded connections shall be adopted as far as practicable except for the
removable members where bolted connections are required viz. (Galvanised)
electrical switchyard structures and transmission towers. Structural
connections shall have minimum two bolts of 16mm dia. unless otherwise
limited by the size of members.
h) Minimum two nuts shall be used for all anchor bolts except for ladder, stair
and handrail.
i) Wide flange beams as per IS-12778 wherever applicable shall be used
10.2 Grade of Steel
Structural steel shall be Grade E250 Quality A/BR conforming to IS: 2062.
Tubular steel shall conform to Yst 240 of IS: 1161, Rolled section as per IS:
808 and wide flange sections as per IS:12778. Rectangular and square steel
hollow sections (i.e. RHS & SHS) shall confirm to Yst 310 of IS: 4923.
10.3 Limiting permissible Stresses
- Permissible stresses in structural members shall be as specified in:
IS: 800 Hot rolled sections (excluding transmission towers and
switchyard structures).
IS: 801 Cold formed light gauge sections
IS: 802 Transmission towers & switchyard structures
IS: 806 Tubular structures
- Permissible stresses in bolts shall be as specified in:
IS: 800 Hot rolled sections
IS: 801 Cold formed light gauge sections.
IS: 802 Transmission towers & switchyard structures.
- Permissible stresses in welds shall be as specified in:
IS: 801 Cold formed light gauge sections.
IS: 816 Metal Arc Welding
10.4 Limiting Deflection
a) The limiting permissible vertical deflection for structural steel members
shall be as specified below:
- Gantry girder for electric overhead crane : L/750
(Capacity upto 50T)
- Gantry girder for electric over head crane : L/1000
(Capacity over 50T)
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- Gantry girder for manually operated crane : L/500
- Girder/beam for supporting dynamic equipment/hoist : L/450
- Grating/Chequered plate : L/200 or
6mm whichever is minimum
- Purlins supporting any type of roofing : L/200
material under (dead load+live load)
or (dead load+wind load) conditions
- Other structures/structural components :As specified in relevant
Is Codes Where 'L'
represents the span.
b) The limiting permissible horizontal deflection for multi storeyed steel
structure/ building including flare stack shall be Height/325.
10.5 Minimum Thickness
The minimum thickness of various structural components (Hot rolled sections)
shall be as given:
a) General Construction:
Trusses, purlins, side girts & bracings 6mm
Columns, beams 7mm
Gussets in trusses & girders
i) upto and including 12m span 8mm
ii) above 12m span 10mm
Stiffeners 8mm
Base plates 10mm
Chequered plate 6mm (on plain)
Grating 3mm
Structural members exposed to marked corrosive action shall be increased in
thickness or otherwise suitably protected against corrosion.
The minimum thickness of structural components (except gratings &
chequered plates) which are directly exposed to weather and inaccessible for
repainting shall be 8mm.
b) Transmission Towers & Switchyard Structures:
The minimum thickness of various structural components shall be as per IS:
802.
The minimum thickness for rolled beams and channels shall be mean flange
thickness regardless of the web thickness.
The minimum thickness of tubes shall be as specified in IS:806.
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10.6 Painting
Painting including shop primer to Structural Steel shall be as per the painting
specification
6-79-0020 or as per Client’s Specification if any.
11.0 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR MASONRY WORKS
11.1 General
All masonry works shall be Class 7.5/5.0 for all Stations/Terminals designed
in accordance with IS:1077, IS:1905, IS:1597, IS:12894 and other relevant IS
Codes as applicable. All external brick masonry walls shall be of minimum
230mm thickness except for fire walls. For General Civil work, refer General
Civil Design Basis.
11.2 Cement Mortar
All masonry work shall be constructed in 1: 6 cement sand mortar for load
bearing walls and 1:6 cement sand mortar for non-load bearing walls except
half brick partition walls which shall be constructed in 1:4 cement sand mortar
with two numbers of 6mm diameter MS bars provided at every fourth course
properly anchored with cross walls or pillars.
12.0 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS
12.1 MACHINE FOUNDATIONS
Machine foundations shall satisfy the requirements of IS: 2974 and any other
parameter as per machine vendor.
12.2 BARRICADING
Foundation and super structure shall be designed as per POSD keeping in
view the mean probable design life of structure.
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TABLE-1
FOUNDATION DESIGN - FACTORS OF SAFETY
Minimum Factor Of Minimum Factor Of
% Weight Of
Safety Against Safety Against
Overburden
Type Of Overturning Sliding
Over Projected
Structure With Without With Without
Plan Area Of
Wind Or Wind Or Wind Or Wind Or
Footing
Seismic Seismic Seismic Seismic
All Buildings/
Structures/Eqpts 1.5 2.0 1.5 1.5 100
. in Units
Pipe Rack
(Offsite)/Pipe 1.5 2.0 1.5 1.5 50$
Supports
Flood Light Mast 1.5 - 1.5 - 50$
Retaining Wall 1.5 2.0 1.5 1.75 100
Over Head 1.5* / 2.0 - 1.5 - 50$
water Tank
Flare Supporting
1.5 - 1.5 - 50$
Structure
Blast Resistant 1.5 2.0/1.2# 1.5 1.5/1.5# 100
Structures
* Empty condition
# with blast pressure
$ In case area is paved, overburden shall be based on NGL (for area
under filling) or 600mm below HPP whichever is lower. In case of
unpaved area, it shall be w.r.t. FGL.
Minimum Factor of safety against UPLIFT shall be 1.2 for all structures. (Note:
In case of sumps, lining weight shall not be included)
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TABLE – 2
FLOORING DETAILS FOR BUILDINGS & SHEDS
S Flooring Type
Description
No I II III
1(a) Sub Earth fill base compacted to
Grade 95% dry density.
1(b) Compacted layer of 200 THK. 200 THK. 150 THK.
sand/boulder packing over
thoroughly compacted Earth fill
(in mm)
2(a) Strl Lean concrete 1:5:10 over sand 50 THK. 50 THK. 50 THK.
Grade layer (in mm)
Slab
Strl. non suspended slab in 150 THK. 150 THK. 100 THK.
M20 Grade concrete
(Reinforced with 8mm dia bars
@200 c/c both ways) over lean
concrete.
2(b) R/F placement R/F R/F placed No R/F
placed in two required.
centrally layers at
top &
bottom
3 Finish Floor finish As per As per As per
Arch Arch Detail Arch
Detail Detail
Moderate Exposure Condition
Type I: Plant Buildings such as Sub-Stations, Control Rooms, Pump
Houses, Utility Compressor Houses, Parking Areas, Stores,
Porches.
Type II: Ware Houses, Workshops, Cement Godowns, Fire Stations,
Process Compressor Houses.
Type III: Non Plant Buildings (viz. Administration, Laboratory,
Canteen, Time Office, Gate House, Training Centre, Guest
House, Residential buildings).
Note:
1. Reinforcement steel shall be as per clause 9.2.
2. For Ware Houses & Workshops non suspended ground floor slabs with
above specifications shall be provided using vacuum dewatering concrete
system.
3. Joint sealing compound shall be provided over the 20 mm gap to be kept
between floor slab and equipment foundation/column.
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13.0 QUESTIONAIRE ON STRUCTURAL RELATED ACTIVITY
1.0 Applicable Codes of Practice
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards)
BSI
ACI
2.0 Criteria of Durability Requirement of Concrete (Refer Table –2 of Section – III)
Normal
Moderate
Severe
Others (Please Specify)
3.0 Cement
OPC
PPC
SRC (If required as per soil recommendation for respective sites)
4.0 Masonry Works
Brick Masonry (masonry works shall be class 7.5/ 5.0 for all stations
Conforming to IS: 1077)
The Fly Ash Lime Bricks (FAL-G bricks) as per availability
(Client to furnish the availability)
Others (Please Specify)
5.0 Reinforcement
High Strength Deformed (TMT) Bars as per IS:1786 Grade Fe 500D
CRS
Epoxy Coated
Others (Please Specify)
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6.0 Grating
Welded Galvanized Grating
Electro forged Galvanized Grating
7.0 Structural Steel
Standard Section as per I S: 808
Wide Flange as per IS: 12778
Tubular Section as per I S: 1161
Hollow Section (i.e. RHS & SHS) as per I S: 4923
8.0 Boundary Wall
Brick Masonry
Stone Masonry
RCC frame of columns and plinth beams with filler brick masonry walls
Material of construction shall be adopted as per availability near respective
site
9.0 Fire Proofing Material/Method
Guniting
Concreting Not applicable
Vermiculite
Others (Please Specify)
10.0 Sand Filling for tank
River sand Not applicable
Crushed Stone Sand
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