How to Write a ‘Best Paper’

14:00‐16:00, Tuesday 21st August 2018
Henry Dyer Building HD1.13 
The University of Strathclyde
Professor Jeom Kee Paik
Dr Eng, Dr h.c. (Univ of Liege), CEng, FRINA, LFSNAME
 Table of Contents

1. Importance of Paper Writing
2. My Story
3. Process of Journal Paper Publications
4. Skills for the Best Paper Writing
5. How to Get Creative Research Topics?
6. Q&A
2
1. Importance of Paper Writing

3
 Importance of the Paper Writing

1. Research results are encouraged to be presented in a 
form of papers to share with the public. 
2. The competence and achievements of researchers are 
evaluated by both quality and quantity of peer‐
reviewed international journal papers. 
3. To promote or to be qualified, researchers are always 
asked to meet the requirements associated with 
journal papers. Conference proceedings papers are 
usually unadmitted in the evaluation process. 
4
 2. My Story:
To be referred to for young 
researchers who are creating their 
life portfolio

5
 Jobs and Activities (Selected)
• Professor of Safety Design and Engineering at Pusan National University, 
South Korea
• Professor of Marine Technology at University College London, UK
• Honorary Professor at University of Strathclyde, UK
• Honorary Professor at University of Aberdeen, UK
• Honorary Professor at Southern University of Science and Technology, 
China 
• Founder and Editor‐in‐Chief, Ships and Offshore Structures
• President, The Korea Ship and Offshore Research Institute at PNU 
(Lloyd’s Register Foundation Research Centre of Excellence)
• Chairman, The Forum for Safety of Fire and Explosion (under the 
Ministry of the Interior and Safety), South Korea
• Chairman, The Korean Technical Committee, ClassNK, Japan
6
 Safety Design and Engineering 
Against Extreme Conditions and Accidents

• Highly Nonlinear
• Non‐Gaussian 
• Multi‐physics
• Multi‐scale
• Multi‐criteria

[Ref.] J.K. Paik, Making the case 
for adding variety to Goal‐Based 
Standards, The Naval Architect, 
The Royal Institution of Naval 
Architects, London, UK, January 
2015
7
Multidisciplinary Approach 

8
9
Total displacement x 5(m) distribution with actual explosion loads
10
Full‐ / Large‐Scale Physical Model Test Facilities

11
Structure‐Iceberg Collision

12
 Teaching and Supervising
Teaching:
• Linear and Nonlinear Structural Mechanics
• Limit States Analysis and Design
• Reliability and Risk Analysis and Design 
• Impact Engineering
• Nonlinear Finite Element Method

Supervising on Advanced Safety Studies:
• MSc: 110
• PhD: 35
13
Book Publications

Under writing:
• Advanced Structural Safety 
Studies
• Ship Structural Mechanics and 
Analysis
14
Commercialized Computer Software for Ultimate Strength 
Analysis of Large Plated Structures (ALPS) 
Modules Implemented into the MAESTRO Structural Design Code:
• ALPS/ULSAP – Ultimate strength analysis of stiffened panels
• ALPS/HULL – Ultimate strength analysis of hull structures
• ALPS/GENERAL – Ultimate strength analysis of general types of plated 
structures
• ALPS/SPINE – Elastic plastic large deflection analysis of plates and 
stiffened panels under complex loading conditions

15
 Journal Paper Publications (H‐Index) As of August 2018

Web of Science: 27 SCOPUS: 36 Google: 45

[Ref] H-Index proposed by Prof Jorge E. Hirsch at University of California at San Diego

16
 Intellectual Properties (Patents)
• J.K. Paik, Sloping Slipway-Launched Ship Motions Measurement Device and Method, 10-0746907, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Method for Estimating of Stiffened Panels with Cracking, 10-2006-0078017, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Buckling Collapse Test Apparatus and Test Method using the same, 10-2006-0118144, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Curved Surface Forming Method of a Steel Plate for a Ship using a Multi-Point Press, 10-0783417, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Method for Estimating of Ultimate Collapse Strength of Perforated Steel Plates under Edge Shear Loading, 10-2007-0073414, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, A Method to Estimate the Equivalent Plate Thickness for the Ultimate Strength Calculations of Stiffened Panels with Non-Uniform Late Thickness, 10-2009-00231222, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Curved Surface Forming Method of a Metal Plate, 10-2007-0122224, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Manufacturing Method of Plate-Stiffener Assembly and a Plate-Stiffener Assembly Formed using the same, 10-2007-0129734, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Curved Surface Forming Method of a Steel Plate for a Ship using a Multi-Point Press, 10-2007-0001919, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Curved Surface Forming Method of a Metal Plate, PCT/KR2007/006350.
• J.K. Paik and B.J. Kim, Forming Punch of a Changeable Die for Metal Plate Forming and a Changeable Die using the Same, 10-2008-0125036, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Method for Predicting the Ultimate Limit States of Stiffened Metal-Plate Structures, 10-2008-0066369, Korea.
• J.K. Paik and B.J. Kim, A Testing Device for a Damage due to Impacts, 10-2009-0004584, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Buckling Collapse Test Apparatus and Test Method using the same, 10-0855937, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, B.J. Kim and J.K. Seo, System for Measuring the Shied Effect of Radiant from Floating Production Storage and Offloading and the Method for Measuring the Radiant Heat from Floating
Production Storage and Offloading, 10-2011-0117323, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Method for Estimating of Stiffened Panels with Cracking, 10-0834190, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Curved Surface Forming Method of a Metal Plate, US 8046098 B2, USA.
• J.K. Paik and B.J. Kim, Forming Punch of a Changeable Die for Metal Plate Forming and a Changeable Die using the Same, 10-1030382, Korea.
• J.K. Paik and B.J. Kim, A Testing Device for a Damage due to Impacts, 10-1064097, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, B.J. Kim and J.K. Seo, System for Measuring the Shied Effect of Radiant from Floating Production Storage and Offloading and the Method for Measuring the Radiant Heat from Floating
Production Storage and Offloading, 10-1253439, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, B.J. Kim and G.B. Park, A Tensile Test Device Using a High-Speed Impact, 10-2012-0100029, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, B.J. Kim and G.B. Park, A Shock Absorber for Protecting a Test from Receiving a Second Impact, 10-2012-0100022, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Wave Activated Generator for Ship (II), 10-2012-0120816, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Wave Activated Generator for Ship (I), 10-2012-0120817, Korea.
• J.K. Paik and D.K. Kim, Method for Assessing the Safety of Ships Damaged by Grounding, 10-2012-0130406, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, M. Hairil Mohd and D.K. Kim, Method for Predicting Time-Dependant Corrosion Wastage under Corrosive Environment, 10-2012-0138738, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, A Method to Estimate the Equivalent Plate Thickness for the Ultimate Strength Calculations of Stiffened Panels with Non-Uniform Late Thickness, 10-1133060, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, J.H Hwang and Y.C. Ha, Apparatus for Extinguishing Fire of the Surface of the Sea and Method for Extinguishing Fire Using the Same, 10-2013-0039020, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Y.C. Ha and J.H Hwang, Carbon Dioxide Safety Fire Extinguishing System Preventing Choking Accidents and Carbon Dioxide Safety Fire Extinguishing Method, 10-2013-0050152, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Wave Activated Generator for Ship (II), 10-1372474, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Wave Activated Generator for Ship (I), 10-1372480, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, B.J. Kim and G.B. Park, A Shock Absorber for Protecting a Test from Receiving a Second Impact, 10-1329377, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, B.J. Kim and G.B. Park, A Tensile Test Device Using a High-Speed Impact, 10-1329403, Korea.
• J.K. Paik and D.K. Kim, Method for Assessing the Safety of Ships Damaged by Grounding, 10-1386788, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, J.H Hwang and Y.C. Ha, Apparatus for Extinguishing Fire of the Surface of the Sea and Method for Extinguishing Fire Using the Same, 10-1436972, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Y.C. Ha and J.H. Hwang, Carbon Dioxide Safety Fire Extinguishing System Preventing Choking Accidents and Carbon Dioxide Safety Fire Extinguishing Method, 10-1436471, Korea.
• J.K. Paik, Y.C. Ha, B.J. Kim, J.K. Seo, H.S. Jung, K.C. Im, J.S. Park, H.K. Leem, J.H. Hwang, Apparatus and Method for Operating Test of Subsea Production System, 10-2015-0106715, Korea
• J.K. Paik, Y.C. Ha, B.J. Kim, J.K. Seo, H.S. Jung, Apparatus and Method for Blast wall test facility, 10-2016-0052653, Korea
• J.K. Paik, Y.C. Ha, B.J. Kim, J.K. Seo, H.S. Jung, Apparatus and Method for Indoor Fire Test Facility, 10-2016-0052660, Korea
• J.K. Paik, Y.C. Ha, B.J. Kim, J.K. Seo, H.S. Jung, K.C. Im, S.W. Moon, Apparatus and Method for Emergency Escape Lead using WSN, 10-2016-0094744, Korea
• J.K. Paik, Y.C. Ha, B.J. Kim, J.K. Seo, H.S. Jung, K.C. Im, S.W. Moon, Apparatus and Method for Full-Duplex Valve using an Electric Magnet for Offshore Pipeline, 10-2016-0094746, Korea
17
 Best Paper Awards
1995 Best Paper Award by the paper titled ‘Hull Collapse of an Aging Bulk Carrier under Combined Longitudinal RINA, UK
Bending and Shearing Force’
1995 Best paper Award by the paper titled ‘Damage and Residual Strength of Double Hull Tankers in Grounding’ SNAK, Korea
1996 Best Paper Award by the paper titled ‘Damage and Residual Strength of Double Hull Tankers in Grounding’ KOFSTS, Korea
2000 American Bureau of Shipping – Captain Joseph H. Linnard Prize by the paper titled ‘On rational Design of D SNAME, USA
ouble Hull Tanker Structures against Collision’
2003 Best paper Award by the paper titled ‘Ultimate Strength of Ageing Ships’ JEME, IME, UK
2003 Best Paper Award by the paper titled ‘A Time-Dependent Corrosion Wastage Model for Bulk Carrier Structu RINA, UK
res’
2004 The Vice Admiral E.L. Cochrane Award by the paper titled ‘A Time-Dependent Corrosion Wastage Model for SNAME, USA
the Structures of Single- and Double-Hull Tankers and FSOs and FPSOs’
2008 Medal of Exceptional Merit RINA, UK
2010 Best Paper Award by the paper titled ‘Ultimate Strength Performance of Suezmax Class Double Hull Oil Tan RINA, UK
ker Structures: CRS versus Pre-CSR Designs’
2013 Best Paper Award by the paper titled ‘A New Method for Assessing the Safety of Ships Damaged by Ground RINA, UK
ing’
2013 Best Paper Award by the paper titled ‘Development of a Relationship Between Residual Ultimate Longitudin ASME, USA
al Strength Versus Grounding Damage Index Diagram for Container Ships’

18
 The Most Prestigious Medals in the Global Maritime Community

David W. Taylor Medal, SNAME, USA, 2013 William Froude Medal, 
RINA, UK, 2015
19
Doctor Honoris Causa (Honorary Doctor Degree)

University of Liege, Belgium, 2012
20
 The Republic of Korea Order of Merit

The ROK Order of Science and Technology Merit, 2014
21
 The Jeom Kee Paik Prize
of The Royal Institution of Naval Architects
In a very special honour for a living 
figure, RINA decided in 2014 that a new 
award has been named for Professor 
Paik. The Jeom Kee Paik Prize, which has 
been awarded each year since 2015 for 
the best paper on structures published 
by a researcher under 30, is the first 
such prize to be named for a non‐Briton 
in the 155‐year‐history of RINA. 

22
Founder and Editor‐in‐Chief
• Launched in 2006
• Being published by Taylor & 
Francis
• Volume 13, 2018
• 8 issues per year
• Impact Factor = 1.685 in 2017
• Ranked Number 3 in the 
marine sector
http://saos.edmgr.com
23
Founder and Co‐Chairman
• ICSOS 2016, Hamburg, Germany
• ICSOS 217, Shenzhen, China
• ICSOS 2018, Gotenburg, Sweden
• ICSOS 2019, Florida, USA
• ICSOS 2020, Strathclyde, UK
• ICSOS 2021, Osaka, Japan

www.icsos.info

24
 Activities in International Societies

• Life Fellow • Fellow
• Vice President • Council Member
• Fellows Committee Member • Publications Committee 
• Awards Committee Member Member
• (mt) Advisory Committee Member • IJME Editorial Board 
Member
25
 Chairman of International Conferences
• ICSOT 2006, International Conference on Ship and 
Offshore Technology, Busan, Korea
• ICTWS 2014, International Conference on Thin‐
Walled Structures, Busan, Korea
• OMAE 2016, International Conference on Ocean, 
Offshore and Arctic Engineering, Busan, Korea
• IMPLAST 2019, International Symposium on 
Plasticity and Impact Mechanics, Busan, Korea

26
Editorial Board Membership (20 Journals)

27
2. Process of Journal Paper 
Publications

28
 Selection of Journals to Publish
• List up the journals within the scope and subject area 
of the paper to be published.
• Compare the impact factor of the journals, among 
other factors (e.g., publication speed), which is an 
index how much citations of published papers have 
been made by other researchers.
• Two impact factors are usually referred to with Science 
Citation Index / Science Citation Index‐Expanded by 
Web of Science, and SCOPUS by Elsevier.

29
 Process of Journal Paper Publication
1. Manuscript is submitted online by the corresponding author
2. Journal editorial office checks out the submitted manuscript and assigns the
article number
3. Handling editor is assigned and invites at least three reviewers
4. Review process takes 1-3 months or longer time
5. Editor-in-Chief makes a decision based on the review comments: (a) Accept,
(b) Accept with minor revisions, (c) Accept with major revisions, (d) Reject
6. Revised manuscript is submitted and re-reviewed
7. Editor-in-Chief makes the final decision
8. Publisher starts typesetting
9. Authors are given the last chance of (minor) corrections at the proof-
corrections stage
10. From submission to printing, 1 year or longer time may be taken
30
3. Skills for the Best Paper Writing

31
 There’s No Royal Road to the Best Paper Writing

• Writing a great research paper 
is similar to cooking. 
• Even if the ingredients are 
identical, the taste and quality 
of the food can be entirely 
different, depending on the 
methods of cooking. 

32
Lobster Cooking

33
 Best Professional Cooking

Recipe Ingredients Cooking

Advanced / Feedback / Review /

New Recipe Lessons Evaluation

34
 There’s No Royal Road to the Best Paper Writing

• Paper writing is similar to cooking in many ways. 
• There’s no easy way for the best paper writing, 
• But there must be some skills which are useful for the 
best paper writing.
• Paper writing is indeed an easy and exciting job once 
you become familiar with it, like cooking. 

35
 Primary Strategies of Research
• To find out new phenomena
• To develop new theories
• To develop advanced / new technologies or 
methodologies
• To apply existing technologies for industries or real 
world

Ultimately contributing to resolving the grand 
challenges, and changing the world

36
 Key Elements for Paper Writing

• Innovation
• Validity and Verification 
or Proof
• Value and Applicability
• Clarity
• Conciseness

37
Procedure for Explosion Risk Assessment and Management

38
 Structure (Table of Contents) of a Paper
• Paper Title
• Authors, Affiliation (Corresponding Author)
• Abstract
• Keywords (some five words)
• Introduction
• Main Body – Text
• Concluding Remarks
• Acknowledgements
• References
• Appendices
39
 Format and Word Limit
• Manuscript shall be written in MS WORD format. 
• Manuscript shall be written in English. Manuscripts 
in poor English are declined to accept. 
• The publisher will work for typesetting of the 
manuscript to publish in the journal and the 
process may take more unnecessary times (and be 
delayed) if the format is not suited for the journal. 
• Most journals specify the word limit, although 
degree thesis may not require to meet the word 
limit.
40
 Paper Title
• The paper title must be precise but concise.
• It should represent all contents of the paper.
• It must be attractive so that other researchers should feel interesting 
and be willing to read the full manuscript of the paper. It is noted that 
most readers may decide their interests simply looking at the paper 
title in the list of many referred papers. Most of all, it is important to 
realize that the readers should pay to purchase / download the pdf file 
of the paper. As the number of citations increases, the h‐index can be 
increased.
• It must be continuously modified and updated as the final manuscript 
becomes complete and even before the final proof‐corrections for the 
publication.
41
 Authorship (1/2)
• The first author must be a person who is in charge of the whole 
project of the paper including planning, performing and 
reporting.
• The corresponding author is a person who is handling the 
publication process including submission, rebuttal of review 
comments, revisions and proof‐corrections. Usually, the first 
author becomes the corresponding author, but very often a co‐
author regardless of the order in the author list plays a role of 
the corresponding author. A specific mark, e.g., an asterisk (*) is 
indicated for the corresponding author.

42
 Authorship (2/2)
• Co‐authors are persons who have contributed to the project of 
the paper. 
• Some persons may not be included in the authors list, but their 
contributions may be appreciated in the Acknowledgements. 
• The contribution of a paper is usually evaluated in most process 
of assessing the achievements by 100% for one authorship 
paper, 70% for two authors paper, 50% for three authors paper, 
and 30% for more than four authors paper. Despite this rule for 
multiple authors paper, the first and corresponding authors can 
be admitted by their contribution with 70%.

43
 Abstract
• The abstract presents the summary of the paper. 
• It shall address the objectives, research methods and major conclusions 
and insights in a compact but fruitful way. 
• The validity and applicability of the research results are also to be 
emphasized. 
• The word limit of the abstract is some 200‐300 words.
• It will be continuously modified and updated as the final manuscript 
becomes complete.
• It is noted that the reviewers shall of course read carefully the abstract 
before they start the reviews. If the abstract is vague, then they will be 
uncomfortable and decline to recommend for the publication in the 
journal.
44
 Keywords
• The abstract is followed by some five keywords.
• The keywords are used for indexing the subjects of the paper 
and thus they shall be given with common phrases. 
• Continuous updates and modifications shall be made as the 
final manuscript becomes complete.  

45
 Introduction
• Introduction should be logical.
• Background, motives and objectives of the paper shall be 
presented together with expected benefits and impacts. 
• Literature review in the subject area shall be made where the 
contributions of existing studies shall be reviewed and appreciated 
together with challenging issues to be further resolved.
• The methodologies adopted or to be applied are presented with 
the reasons why such methods are going to be used.
• The innovative contributions by the paper are emphasized.
• It is noted that global experts in the subject area may be potential 
reviewers of the paper and thus some attention shall be paid to 
appreciate their contributions to the subject area.
46
 Literature Review
www.sciencedirect.com
www.tandfonline.com

47
 Main Text
• The structure of main body may differ depending on the types and objectives or 
directions of the paper. 
• For a paper which aims to propose a new scientific phenomenon, the paper may 
comprise testing, analysis of test results and difference or features of the new 
phenomenon compared to existing theories or knowledges. 
• For a paper which aims to verify a new theory or hypothesis, the paper may 
comprise the derivation of the new theory, testing or simulations to prove the 
proposed theory, analysis of testing or simulations, and validation of the proposed 
theory.
• For a paper which aims to improve or advance existing methods or theories, the 
paper may comprise the proposal of the method, benchmarking, accuracy or 
applicability of the proposed method. 
• For a paper which aims to apply existing methods or theories, the paper may 
comprise the outline of the methods or theories, applied examples, and validity of 
the methods.
48
 Figures and Tables
3,500

• Figures shall be published in  3,000
Collision, Contact, Grounding
Fire/Explosion
+
Machinery
Other
Ice Heavy Weather

black and white in the journal.  2,500

For printing in color, the 

USD (1,000)
2,000

authors should pay the cost.  1,500

Figures shall be published in  1,000

500
color online. 
0

• Figure captions are to be on 
Date of loss
the bottom. Figure 5. Average claim amount per type of casualty in $1,000 USD by date of
loss (CEFOR, 2012).
• Table captions are to be on  Table 7. Upper limits of the grounding damage index.

the top. Upper limit

Tanker size
Hog
VLCC
0.2882
Suezmax
0.2992
Aframax
0.3376
Panamax
0.3965
of GDI Sag 0.4225 0.4344 0.4366 0.4363

49
 Conclusions
• The conclusions may begin with a brief description of the 
entire paper. 
• Important findings and insights developed from the study 
shall be summarized in a compact but precise way.
• The validity and applicability of the study shall be emphasized.
• Benefits and impacts of the paper to the related areas and 
industry shall be addressed.
• Remaining issues to be resolved, and recommended topics for 
further studies shall be listed up.

50
 Acknowledgements
• The financial support from sponsors shall be 
appreciated. 
• Those who have contributed to the project of the 
paper but are not included in the co‐authors list shall 
be appreciated. 

51
 Reference Citations in the Text
• Two ways are usually available, (1) with numbering, or (2) 
with the author names followed by the year of publication. 
• In case of the way (2), the citation of references will be: 

Paik (2017) for a single author, 
Paik and Vassalos (2017) for two authors, and 
Paik et al. (2017) for more than three authors. 

52
 List of Cited References (1/2)
• Two ways are usually applied, (1) one with numbering and (2) 
the arrangement in the alphabetical order of author names. 
• The details of reference information shall be given including 
names of all authors.
• For journal papers, author names, year of publication, paper 
title, publisher, volume / issue number and cited pages shall 
be given. 
• For conference proceedings papers, the period, city and 
country of the conference shall also be given.
• For books and reports, the name, city and country of the 
publisher shall also be given.
53
 List of Cited References (2/2)
References
Franssen, J.M. & Real, P.V. (2010). ECCS Eurocode design manuals – fire design of steel structures. Ernst &
Sohn, Berlin.
Hughes, O.F. & Paik, J.K. (2013). Ship structural analysis and design. The Society of Naval Architects and
Marine Engineers, Alexandria, VA.
Jones, N. (2012). Structural impact. 2nd Edition, Cambridge University Press, New York.
Lee, J.C. & N.J. McCormick (2011). Risk and safety analysis of nuclear systems. Wiley, Chichester.
NORSOK (1999). Design of steel structures. Norwegian Standards, Norway.
Paik, J.K. (2012). Lessons learned – what maritime accidents can teach us about human error, and
structural design and engineering. Marine Technology, The Society of Naval Architects and Marine
Engineers, Alexandria, VA, April, 62-66.
Paik, J.K. (2017). Ultimate limit state analysis and design of plated structures. Wiley, Chichester.
Paik, J.K., Kim, K.J., Lee, J.H., Jung, B.G. & Kim, S.J. (2017). Test database of the mechanical properties of
mild, high-tensile and stainless steel and aluminum alloy associated with cold temperatures and
strain rates. Ships and Offshore Structures, 12(S1):S230-S256.
Paik, J.K. & R.E. Melchers (2008). Condition assessment of aged structures. CRC Press, New York.
Paik, J.K. & Thayamballi, A.K. (2007). Ship-shaped offshore installations: Design, building, and operation,
Cambridge University Press, New York.
Rougier, J., Sparks, S. & Hill, L. (2013). Risk and uncertainty assessment for natural hazards. Cambridge
University Press, New York.
54
 Ethics
• The manuscript must be original and it should not have been 
published in other journals or it should not be submitted to 
publish in other journals at the same time.
• The contributions of existing studies by other researchers 
should be appreciated with respect although technical 
discussions or debates can be made in the manuscript.
• Plagiary must be strictly prohibited. Whenever the past 
contributions of other researchers or even yourself are 
addressed in terms of findings, applications, figures or tables, 
the related references should be cited.  

55
 5. How to Get Creative Research 
Topics?
The answer is how to contribute to resolving the grand 
challenges and ultimately to changing the world.

56
 The Ten Grand Challenges

Energy Water Food Environment Poverty

War & Terror Disease Education Democracy Population

57
 The Grand Challenges

The best way to resolve such grand challenging issues is 
to take advantage of advanced science and technology 
to industrialize them.

What and how are you willing to contribute to resolving 
the grand challenging issues?

Your contributions can change the world!

58
 Amalgamation of Elemental Technologies

• A single elemental technology is not enough to solve 
today’s complex problems, and amalgamation of such 
elements is essential. 

59
 Innovation is the Renewal of the Skin

In Chinese, innovation is expressed literally to mean 
the renewal of the skin of a system.

60
 Innovation is Not Enough!

• Everybody understands that innovation will give a very 
good result if it is successful. Therefore, they try to 
innovate their system.
• However, most of these attempts at innovation are 
unachievable because they are very painful and people 
choose to give up and continue as before.

61
 Revolution is Required!

• Even if the innovation, or the renewal to change the 
skin, is successful, it is not enough to change the entire 
system because the framework remains the same.
• Revolution is then required to change not only the skin, 
but also the entire framework.
• In this regard, a lot of effort is needed to develop 
revolutionary technologies that can change the whole 
system.

62
 Industrial Revolutions

1. Revolution 1: Mechanization by  steam engines
2. Revolution 2: Mass production by electricity and 
division of labor
3. Revolution 3: Digitalization by computers with 
semiconductor
4. Revolution 4: Smart amalgamation by ICBM (IoT, 
Cloud, Big data and Mobile) technologies

63
 Revolution must be Smart!

1. Revolution – A sudden radical or complete change
2. Smart – Figuring out a clever way to deal with any 
situation
3. REVOLUTION will only happen if SMART people 
figure out how to put it to work.
4. But the fact that we can do it does not necessarily 
mean it’s worth doing. That’s what we have to 
decide!

[Ref.] Prof. M. Stopford, SMC 2016
64
 Role of University

Demonstration Entre‐ Industrialization

Lab preneurship Start‐ups / Spin‐offs

IPs & Patents
University

Higher
Education Research

65
 Top 10 Millionaire‐Producing Universities 
Rank University Location
1 Harvard University USA
2 Stanford University USA
3 University of Pennsylvania USA
4 Columbia University USA
5 Oxford University UK
6 MIT USA
7 New York University USA
8 Cambridge University UK
9 Northwestern University USA
10 University of Chicago USA
[Ref.] Business Insider, UK, 2017
66
 Final Messages
• Your contributions to resolving the grand challenging issues can 
change the world.
• Innovation is not enough and revolution is required, but 
revolution must be smart.
• The grand challenges can be resolved by taking advantage of 
revolutionary sciences and technologies together with their 
amalgamation. 
• In addition to higher education and research, the 
entrepreneurship associated with the industrialization of 
revolutionary sciences and technologies is a key role of 
university.
67
6. Q & A

68
Classification of Professional Competence
4th 3rd 2nd 1st World
Class Class Class Class Champion

69
 The Four Elements Theory to Achieve the 1st Class

1st
Class

Best
Integrated Vision
Strategic Vision

Best Infra- Best

Best Talent
structure Technology

High Technology Level / R&D Capability

Design Production / R&D / Management(CTO)
Scales of Human resources
Facility Scale / Automation System / Testing & Research Facilities /
Capital / Legal System / Collaborative Network

Vision is wisdom to look into the future and remain one step ahead in the arena of competition.
70