Answers to exercises given in 9-DEC-2011 batch related to HR Schema in Oracle Database

11g
Here are the answers to excercises related to queries and PL/SQL programs given in 9-DEC-2011   Oracle Database 11g batch.

The following is the structure of the tables provided by Oracle in Human Resource Schema (HR).

Note: Columns in RED color indicate primary key(s).

Queries
1. Display details of jobs where the minimum salary is greater than 10000.
10000.

SELECT * FROM JOBS WHERE MIN_SALARY > 10000

2. Display the first name and join date of the employees who joined between 2002 and 2005.
2005.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, HIRE_DATE FROM EMPLOYEES

WHERE TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'YYYY') BETWEEN 2002 AND 2005 ORDER BY HIRE_DATE

3. Display first name and join date of the employees who is either IT Programmer or Sales Man.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, HIRE_DATE

FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE JOB_ID IN ('IT_PROG', 'SA_MAN')

4. Display employees who joined after 1st January 2008.

2008.

SELECT * FROM
FROM EMPLOYEES where hire_date
hire_date > '01-jan-2008'
'01-jan-2008'

5. Display details of employee with ID 150

150 or 160.
160.

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID in (150,160)

6. Display first name, salary, commission pct, and hire date for employees with salary less than 10000.
10000.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, HIRE_DATE FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE SALARY < 10000

7. Display job Title, the difference between minimum and maximum salaries for jobs with max salary in the range 10000
10000 to 20000
20000..

SELECT JOB_TITLE, MAX_SALARY-MIN_SALARY DIFFERENCE FROM JOBS WHERE MAX_SALARY BETWEEN 10000 AND 20000

8. Display first name, salary, and round the salary to thousands.

thousands.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, SALARY, ROUND(SALARY, -3) FROM EMPLOYEES

9. Display details of jobs in the descending order of the title.

 SELECT * FROM JOBS ORDER BY JOB_TITLE

10. Display employees where the first name or last name starts with S.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE FIRST_NAME LIKE 'S%' OR LAST_NAME LIKE 'S%'

11. Display employees who joined in the month of May.

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'MON')= 'MAY'

12. Display details of the employees where commission percentage is null and salary in the r ange 5000 to 10000 and department is 30.

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE COMMISSION_PCT IS NULL AND SALARY BETWEEN 5000 AND 10000 AND DEPARTMENT_ID=30

13. Display first name and date of first salary of the employees.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, HIRE_DATE, LAST_DAY(HIRE_DATE)+1 FROM EMPLOYEES

14. Display first name and experience of the employees.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, HIRE_DATE, FLOOR((SYSDATE-HIRE_DATE)/365)FROM EMPLOYEES

15. Display first name of employees who joined in 2001.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, HIRE_DATE FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'YYYY')=2001

16. Display first name and last name after converting the first letter of each name to upper case and the rest to lower case.

SELECT INITCAP(FIRST_NAME), INITCAP(LAST_NAME) FROM EMPLOYEES

17. Display the first word in job title.

SELECT JOB_TITLE, SUBSTR(JOB_TITLE,1, INSTR(JOB_TITLE, ' ')-1) FROM JOBS

18. Display the length of fir st name for employees where last name contain character ‘b’ after 3rd position.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE INSTR(LAST_NAME,'B') > 3

19. Display first name in upper case and email address in lower case for employees where the fi rst name and email address are same irrespective of the
case.

SELECT UPPER(FIRST_NAME), LOWER(EMAIL) FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE UPPER(FIRST_NAME)= UPPER(EMAIL)

20. Display employees who joined in the current year.

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')=TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'YYYY')

21. Display the number of days between system date and 1st January 2011.

SELECT SYSDATE - to_date('01-jan-2011') FROM DUAL

22. Display how many employees joined in each month of the current year.

SELECT TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'MM'), COUNT (*) FROM EMPLOYEES

WHERE TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')= TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY') GROUP BY TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'MM')

23. Display manager ID and number of employees managed by the manager.

  SELECT MANAGER_ID, COUNT(*) FROM EMPLOYEES GROUP BY MANAGER_ID

24. Display employee ID and the date on which he ended his previous job.

  SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, MAX(END_DATE) FROM JOB_HISTORY GROUP BY EMPLOYEE_ID

25. Display number of employees joined after 15th of the month.

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'DD') > 15

26. Display the country ID and number of cities we have in the country.

SELECT COUNTRY_ID, COUNT(*) FROM LOCATIONS GROUP BY COUNTRY_ID

27. Display average salary of employees in each department who have commission percentage.
 SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID, AVG(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE COMMISSION_PCT IS NOT NULL GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID

28. Display job ID, number of employees, sum of salary, and difference between highest salary and lowest salary of the employees of the job.

SELECT JOB_ID, COUNT(*), SUM(SALARY), MAX(SALARY)-MIN(SALARY) SALARY FROM EMPLOYEES GROUP BY JOB_ID

29. Display job ID for jobs with average salary more than 10000.

SELECT JOB_ID, AVG(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES

GROUP BY JOB_ID
HAVING AVG(SALARY)>10000

30. Display years in which more than 10 employees joined.

SELECT TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY') FROM EMPLOYEES

GROUP BY TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')
HAVING COUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID) > 10

31. Display departments in which more than five employees have commission percentage.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES

WHERE COMMISSION_PCT IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID
HAVING COUNT(COMMISSION_PCT)>5

32. Display employee ID for employees who did more than one job in the past.

SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID FROM JOB_HISTORY GROUP BY EMPLOYEE_ID HAVING COUNT(*) > 1

33. Display job ID of jobs that were done by more than 3 employees for more than 100 days.

SELECT JOB_ID FROM JOB_HISTORY

WHERE END_DATE-START_DATE > 100
GROUP BY JOB_ID
HAVING COUNT(*)>3

34. Display department ID, year, and Number of employees joined.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID, TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY'), COUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID)

FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID, TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'YYYY')
ORDER BY DEPARTMENT_ID

35. Display departments where any manager is managing more than 5 employees.

SELECT DISTINCT DEPARTMENT_ID

FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID, MANAGER_ID
HAVING COUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID) > 5

36. Change salary of employee 115 to 8000 if the existing salary is le ss than 6000.

UPDATE EMPLOYEES SET SALARY = 8000 WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = 115 AND SALARY < 6000

37. Insert a new employee into employees with all the required details.

INSERT INTO EMPLOYEES (EMPLOYEE_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE,JOB_ID, SALARY, DEPARTMENT_ID)
VALUES (207, 'ANGELA', 'SNYDER','ANGELA','215 253 4737', SYSDATE, 'SA_MAN', 12000, 80)

38. Delete department 20.

DELETE FROM DEPARTMENTS WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID=20

39. Change job ID of employee 110 to IT_PROG if the employee belongs to department 10 and the existing job ID does not start with IT.

UPDATE EMPLOYEES SET JOB_ID= 'IT_PROG'

WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID=110 AND DEPARTMENT_ID=10 AND NOT JOB_ID LIKE 'IT%'

40. Insert a row into departments table with manager ID 120 and location ID in any location ID for city Tokyo.

INSERT INTO DEPARTMENTS (150,'SPORTS',120,1200)

41. Display department name and number of employees i n the department.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME, COUNT(*) FROM EMPLOYEES NATURAL JOIN DEPARTMENTS GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_NAME
42. Display job title, employee ID, number of days between ending date and starting date for all j obs in department 30 from job history.

SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, JOB_TITLE, END_DATE-START_DATE DAYS

FROM JOB_HISTORY NATURAL JOIN JOBS
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID=30

43. Display department name and manager first name.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME, FIRST_NAME FROM DEPARTMENTS D JOIN EMPLOYEES E ON (D.MANAGER_ID=E.EMPLOYEE_ID)

44. Display department name, manager name, and city.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME, FIRST_NAME, CITY FROM DEPARTMENTS D JOIN EMPLOYEES E ON (D.MANAGER_ID=E.EMPLOYEE_ID) JOIN LOCATIONS L USING

45. Display country name, city, and department name.

SELECT COUNTRY_NAME, CITY, DEPARTMENT_NAME

FROM COUNTRIES JOIN LOCATIONS USING (COUNTRY_ID)
JOIN DEPARTMENTS USING (LOCATION_ID)

46. Display job title, department name, employee last name, starting date for all j obs from 2000 to 2005.

SELECT JOB_TITLE, DEPARTMENT_NAME, LAST_NAME, START_DATE

FROM JOB_HISTORY JOIN JOBS USING (JOB_ID) JOIN DEPARTMENTS
USING (DEPARTMENT _ID) JOIN EMPLOYEES USING (EMPLOYEE_I D)
WHERE TO_CHAR(START_DATE,'YYYY') BETWEEN 2000 AND 2005

47. Display job title and average salary of employees

SELECT JOB_TITLE, AVG(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES

NATURAL JOIN JOBS GROUP BY JOB_TITLE

48. Display job title, employee name, and the difference between maximum salary for the job and salary of the employee.

SELECT JOB_TITLE, FIRST_NAME, MAX_SALARY-SALARY DIFFERENCE FROM EMPLOYEES NATURAL JOIN JOBS

49. Display last name, job title of employees who have commission percentage and belongs to department 30.

SELECT JOB_TITLE, FIRST_NAME, MAX_SALARY-SALARY DIFFERENCE FROM EMPLOYEES NATURAL JOIN JOBS WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 30

50. Display details of jobs that were done by any employee who is currently drawing more than 15000 of salary.

SELECT JH.*
FROM JOB_HISTORY JH JOIN EMPLOYEES E ON (JH.EMPLOYEE_ID = E.EMPLOYEE_ID)
WHERE SALARY > 15000

51. Display department name, manager name, and salary of the manager for all managers whose experience is more than 5 years.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME, FIRST_NAME, SALARY

FROM DEPARTMENTS D JOIN EMPLOYEES E ON (D.MANAGER_ID=E.MANAGER_ID)
WHERE (SYSDATE-HIRE_DATE) / 365 > 5

52. Display employee name if the employee joined before his manager.

SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES E1 JOIN EMPLOYEES E2 ON (E1.MANAGER_ID=E2.EMPLOYEE_ID)

WHERE E1.HIRE_DATE < E2.HIRE_DATE

53. Display employee name, job title for the jobs employee did in the past where the job was done less than six months.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, JOB_TITLE FROM EMPLOYEES E JOIN JOB_HISTORY JH ON (JH.EMPLOYEE_ID = E.EMPLOYEE_ID) JOIN JOBS J ON( JH.JOB_ID =
WHERE MONTHS_BETWEEN(END_DATE,START_DATE) < 6

54. Display employee name and country in which he is working.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, COUNTRY_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES JOIN DEPARTMENTS USING(DEPARTMENT_ID)

JOIN LOCATIONS USING( LOCATION_ID)
JOIN COUNTRIES USING ( COUNTRY_ID)

55. Display department name, average salary and number of employees with commission within the department.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME, AVG(SALARY), COUNT(COMMISSION_PCT)

FROM DEPARTMENTS JOIN EMPLOYEES USING (DEPARTMENT_ID)
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_NAME

56. Display the month in which more than 5 employees joined in any department located in Sydney.

SELECT TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'MON-YY')
 on employees
for each row
declare
v_enddate date;
v_startdate date;
begin
-- find out whether the employee has any row in job_history table
select max(end_date) into v_enddate
from job_history
where employee_id = :old.employee_id;

if v_enddate is null then

v_startdate := :old.hire_date;
  else
v_startdate := v_enddate + 1;
end if;

insert into job_history values (:old.employee_id, v_startdate, sysdate, :old.job_id, :old.department_id);

end;

 Note:  Before testing the above trigger, you need to disable UPDATE_JOB_HISTORY trigger, which is already present in HR account, as