Cariemae and JC Module Draft
Cariemae and JC Module Draft
English
Quarter 1 – Module 1
Intensive Reading
English – Grade 7
Intensive Reading
Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every
effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.
Precious Onate
Evaluator/s : Upper Bicutan National High School
2
Bulacan State University, College of
Education Curriculum Writing
Course
Preparation and Evaluation of Instructional Materials – English 413a
3
7
English
Quarter 1 –Module 1:
Intensive Reading
INTRODUCTORY MESSAGE
This module is about Intensive Reading which is one of the reading styles. It
is expected that you will be able to develop your skill in reading. In this module, you
will encounter different activities that will give youthe opportunity to enhance your
comprehension.
What IKnow
A. Directions: Identify the underlined words for each sentence and you can look at the
antonym as your clue. Circle your answer.
1. Local men dressed up in women’sapparel and acting like women were called, among
other things, bayoguin, bayok, agi-ngin, asog, bido and binabae.
Antonyms: undress, uncover
a. the act of disclosing
b. clothing of a particular kind
c. the process of decorating
2. When visitors to the Philippines remark that Filipino openly tolerate and/or accept
homosexuality, they invariably have in mind effeminatecross dressingmen (bakla)
swishing down streets and squealing on television programmes.
Antonyms: manly, macho
a. having or showing characteristics like a typical woman
b. having qualities traditionally associated with a man
c. showing aggressive pride in one's masculinity.
3. The effeminate bakla is also the‘homosexual’ : a genitally male man whose identity is
defined as a function of his sexual desire for other men.
Antonyms: heterosexual, straight
a. a person who is sexually attracted to people of one's same sex
b. a person who is sexually attracted to people of the opposite sex
c. an individual's personal sense of having a particular gender.
4. To the Spanish, they were astonishing, even threatening, as they were respected
leaders and figures of authority.
Antonyms: ordinary, unimpressive
a. no special characteristics
b. not interesting
c. extremely surprising or impressive
5. This was the state of affairs when the Spanish arrived, over the centuries, as the
status of women progressivelydeteriorated, gender crossing in the traditional sense
became more and more difficult.
Antonyms: development, improvement
a. to put or keep in a stablecondition
b. to become worse
c. to improve the value
What happened to the gender crossers when the Spanish which has
a manly culture arrived in the Philippines?
What’s In
Directions: Observe the following pictures below. What do you think about it and
try to specify each picture.
SOURCE:https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/350717889737135056/
SOURCE:https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/584412489134567810/
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What’s New
A. Read the article below By J. Neil C. Garcia.
At the heart of the idea of homosexuality is sex, no matter the sartorial style of the persons
indulging in it. Thus, to historicize homosexuality in the Philippines, we must recognize the
fundamental difference between gender and sexuality. More specifically, we need to
disarticulate the presentist and commonsensical connection between gender transitive
behaviors and the identities of bakla, bayot, agi, and bantut1 on the one hand and the discourse
and reality of homosexuality as typically ‘gay’ same-sex orientation and/or identity on the other.
The history of the former stretches into the oral past not only of the Philippines, but the whole of
Southeast Asia. The latter is a more recent development, a performative instance and
discursive effect of the largely American-sponsored biomedicalization of local Filipino cultures.
Gender crossing
We know from Spanish accounts of encounters between conquistadores and the archipelago’s
various indios that gender crossing and transvestism were cultural features of early colonial and
thus, presumably, pre-colonial communities.
Local men dressed up in women’s apparel and acting like women were called, among other
things, bayoguin, bayok, agi-ngin, asog, bido and binabae. They were significant not only
because they crossed male and female gender lines. To the Spanish, they were astonishing,
even threatening, as they were respected leaders and figures of authority. To their native
communities they were babaylan or catalonan: religious functionaries and shamans,
intermediaries between the visible and invisible worlds to whom even the local ruler (datu)
deferred. They placated angry spirits, foretold the future, healed infirmities, and even reconciled
warring couples and tribes.
Donning the customary clothes of women was part of a larger transformation, one that redefined
their gender almost completely as female. We may more properly call them ‘gender crossers’
rather than cross dressers, for these men not only assumed the outward appearance and
demeanor of women, but were granted social and symbolic recognition as ‘somewhat-women.’
They were comparable to women in every way except that they could not bear children.
Cronicas tell us they were ‘married’ to men, with whom they had sexual relations. These men
treated their womanish partners like concubines; being men, they had wives with whom they
had their obligatory children.
Gender crossers enjoyed a comparatively esteemed status in pre-colonial Philippine society
simply because women enjoyed a similar status. Women were priestesses and matriarchs who
divorced their husbands if they wanted, chose their children’s names, owned property and
accumulated wealth.
Spanish machismo
This was the state of affairs when the Spanish arrived. Over the centuries, as the status of
women progressively deteriorated, gender crossing in the traditional sense became more and
more difficult, with the gender crosser suffering from the ridicule and scorn which only the
Spanish brand of medieval Mediterranean machismo could inflict. From being likened to a
naturally occurring species of bamboo called bayog, the native effeminate man (bayoguin) in the
Tagalog-speaking regions of Luzon slowly transmogrified into bakla, a word that also meant
‘confused’ and ‘cowardly.’ Unlike his formerly ‘destined’ state, kabaklaan was a temporary
condition away from which he might be wrested, using whatever persuasive, brutally loving
means. Nonetheless, despite Catholicism – with its own sacramental frocks worn by its ‘men of
the cloth’ – and three-hundred years of Spanish colonial rule, cross dressing, effeminacy and
gender transitive behavior never really disappeared in Philippine society.
Western Sexualization
The American period, in which arguably the Philippines remains, saw the expansion of the
newly empowered middle class, the standardization of public education, and the promulgation
and regulation of sexuality by means of academic learning and the mass media. This discursive
regulation inaugurated a specific sexological consciousness, one that was incumbent upon a
psychological style of reasoning hitherto unknown in the Philippines.
We can reasonably surmise, following academic accounts of how Western psychology took root
in the Philippines,2 that this ‘sexualization’ of local mentality, behavior and personality
accompanied English-based education in America’s newly acquired colony at the beginning of
the twentieth century. The force of this imported ‘psychosexual logic’ has grown and become
entrenched since then; present generations are subjected to levels of sexual indoctrination
unheard of in previous decades. In other words, by virtue of American colonialism and
neocolonialism, Filipinos have been socialized in Western modes of gender and sexual identity
formation, courtesy of a sexualization that rode on different but complementary discourses of
public hygiene, psychosexual development, juvenile delinquency, health and physical
education, family planning, feminist empowerment, gay and lesbian advocacy, and the
corporally paranoid discourse of AIDS.
Nonetheless, it’s important to qualify that residual valuations of gender persist, and have simply
served to modify the new sexual order. For instance, though the bakla has sex with the lalake
(‘real man’), for many Filipinos it is only the former who is ‘homosexualized’ by the activity. This
means that the process of sexualization, while increasing in alacrity and perniciousness, has not
been consistent. In fact, the process has been skewed towards the further minoritization of what
had already been an undesirable, effeminate, ‘native’ identity: the bakla. While the terms bakla
and homosexual are far from congruent, many Filipinos use them interchangeably because they
entail the same social effect: stigmatization.
While his effeminacy and transvestic ways place him in a long line of exceptional and ‘gender
anomalous’ beings in Philippine history, the present-day bakla is unlike any of his predecessors
in at least one respect: he is burdened not only by his gender self-presentation, but also, and
more tragically, by his ‘sexual orientation’, an attribute capable of defining his sense of self.
During the Spanish period, a religious discourse of ‘unnatural acts’ grouped under the rubric of
sodomy was halfheartedly propagated through the confessional. Such acts were nevertheless
temporary and surmountable, a weakness to which heirs to Eve’s original transgression were
vulnerable. Sodomy was not a discourse of identity but of acts: non-procreative, non-conjugal
and ‘non-missionary’ acts that were committed by men with men, women with women, and men
and women with animals. Even so, the gender crosser’s sexual predilections for and acts with
men simply attended – and did not determine – her redefined status as ‘woman-like.’ This status
denoted what was more properly a gendered rather than a sexualized form of social being.
By contrast, as though coping with his swishy ways in a helplessly macho culture was not
enough, the bakla must now contend with the private demons of pathological self-loathing,
primarily on account of his intrinsically ‘sick’ desire. Nonetheless, the pathologizing of the bakla
into and as a homosexual has resulted in encouraging narratives of hybridity, appropriation and
postcolonial resistance from ‘politicized’ Filipino gay writers and artists. These ‘gay texts’
demonstrate how the very people who have been pathologized by the American sexological
regime are ironically enabled by this very stigma.
We may therefore conclude that ‘gay identity’ and ‘gay liberation,’ as Filipino gays currently
understand, live and champion them, are as much the ascriptions of these histories of cross
gender behavior and homosexuality as the expressions of the various freedoms and desires
these selfsame histories have paradoxically conferred.
1. What was the new word for “bayoguin” which means confused and cowardly?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. When the Spanish arrived, why was gender crossing in the traditional sense became
more difficult?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
4. How did the Spanish Machismo and Western Sexualization affect the male
homosexuality in the Philippines?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Intensive reading
Example:
Today a dentist came to visit our classroom. He was there to teach us how
to take care of our teeth. The dentist gave us all new toothbrushes,
toothpaste, and dental floss! He was nice!
Example:
Read the text first and identify if the statement is true or false.
Example:
Buying Makeup
Jill went to the mall to buy makeup. She wanted a lipstick, but when she
got into the makeup store, there were so many nice kinds of makeup, in so
many shades and colors, that she lingered near the shelves. Jill picked up
a case of eyeshadow. Then she picked up a compact of blush. She looked
at the lipsticks. She went to the mirror and tried out the test tube of pink
lipstick. I look great in this, she thought. Jill picked out half a dozen things
and carried them to the counter. “Did you find everything you were looking
for?” the clerk asked. “I found more than I was looking for!” Jill told her.
The clerk rang up Jill’s purchases and Jill gave her the money. Then Jill
walked down the mall, swinging her shopping bag happily. She was happy
with her purchases. She was so happy that she stopped in the food court
and got a milkshake. It was a great shopping trip!
Example:
What do you think happens next? Explain your answer using evidence
from the text.
Jim wants to win the big race. He goes running every day after school. As
the weeks go by, he gets faster and faster. On the day of the big race, he
is neck-in-neck with Joe, who has always been the fastest boy in school.
The finish line appears before them. Jim has been saving his last burst of
energy for just this moment...
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What’sMore
Guided/Controlled Practice
Match column A with that of column B. Write only the letter of the correct answer on the space
provided before each number.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
____ 1. Religious functionaries and shamans, intermediaries a. Homosexual
between the visible and invisible worlds to whom even
the local ruler (datu) deferred. b. Sexual Orientation
Guided/Controlled Assessment
Based on the given text, match each paragraph to its corresponding headings. Choices are also
given inside the box below, write your answers to the space provided at the top of each
paragraph.
Over the centuries, as the The effeminate bakla is also Visitors of the Philippines
status of women the ‘homosexual’: a genitally thought that our society was
progressively deteriorated, male man whose identity is truly tolerant of ‘male’
gender crossing in the defined as a function of his homosexuality, if it was true,
traditional sense became sexual desire for other men. then Filipinos would see not
more and more difficult, It’s important to qualify that just flaming transvestites
with the gender crosser residual valuations of gender shrieking their heads off in
suffering from the ridicule persist, and have simply TV sitcoms and variety
and scorn which only the served to modify the new shows, but local men, sissy or
Spanish brand of medieval sexual order. For instance, otherwise, frenching and
Mediterranean machismo though the bakla has sex with erotically manhandling each
could inflict. From being the lalake (‘real man’), for other in steamy ‘gay
likened to a naturally many Filipinos it is only the telenovelas’. There would be
occurring species of former who is as many gay pick-up bars as
bamboo called bayog, the ‘homosexualized’ by the straight bars, and both the
native effeminate man activity. This means that the femmypa-girl and butchypa-
(bayoguin) in the Tagalog- process of sexualization, while mhin would be able to display
speaking regions of Luzon increasing in alacrity and affection in public.
slowly transmogrified into perniciousness, has not been
bakla, a word that also consistent. In fact, the process
meant ‘confused’ and has been skewed towards the
‘cowardly. further minoritization of what
had already been an
undesirable, effeminate,
‘native’ identity: thebakla.
4.____________________ 5.____________________
Local men dressed up in women’s apparel The force of this imported ‘psychosexual logic’ has
and acting like women were called, among grown and become entrenched since then; present
other things, bayoguin, bayok, agi-ngin, asog, generations are subjected to levels of sexual
bido and binabae. They were significant not indoctrination unheard of in previous decades. In
only because they crossed male and female other words, by virtue of American colonialism and
gender lines. To the Spanish, they were neocolonialism, Filipinos have been socialized in
astonishing, even threatening, as they were Western modes of gender and sexual identity
respected leaders and figures of authority. To formation, courtesy of a sexualization that rode on
their native communities they were babaylan different but complementary discourses of public
or catalonan: religious functionaries and hygiene, psychosexual development, juvenile
shamans, intermediaries between the visible delinquency, health and physical education, family
and invisible worlds to whom even the local planning, feminist empowerment, gay and lesbian
ruler (datu) deferred. advocacy, and the corporally paranoid discourse of
AIDS.
Independent Practice
Read the following sentences. If the statement is correct, write TRUE but if it is incorrect,
CHANGE the underlined word/s to make the statement correct. Write your answers on the
space provided before each number.
Independent Assessment
List five (5) events from the text and put them in chronological order.
3 4
5
What I Have Learned
Read the articles below: What are the main points of the articles? Write your answer on the
space provided.
Since then, ADB has been filed and re-filed in each Congress. Through the efforts of the
LGBTQ+ community, led by LAGABLAB Network — a network that focuses its advocacy
on passing the ADB — the bill has grown and evolved to become more inclusive and far-
reaching.
The community has made progress in the last 18 years. The version of the Anti-
Discrimination Bill filed by Rosales in 2003 included gender identity as one of the protected
classes. That same bill was even approved on third reading in the lower house with 118
affirmative votes, with no opposition or abstention. However, when it was passed on to the
Senate, no action was taken by the latter.
Equality Bill Rally: ‘Hindi lang naman LGBT people ang may SOGIE —
everyone has SOGIE.’
As the sun went down, a sea of rainbow-colored flags filled up the People Power
Monument on Saturday, March 17. A sign sparked to life, spelling out “EQUALITY” but
missing the “I.” “Ikaw ‘yung ‘I’ sa ‘equality,’” said the hosts. The gathering, attended by
allies and members of the LGBTQ+ community, was a rally for the passing of the Sexual
Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Equality Bill.
Previously known as the Anti-Discrimination Bill, the SOGIE Equality Bill has finally
reached the Senate after nearly 20 years of being put on the backburner. But the bill has
met staunch opponents in legislators like Manny Pacquiao, Tito Sotto, and Joel Villanueva,
who often cite religious rights as reason for barring it from moving forward.
Assessment
True or False
1. Do people in different countries eat the same things? True | False
2. Is bread an important food in Britain? True | False
3. Is fast food popular around the world? True | False
4. Is hamburger usually made of chicken? True | False
5. Is Chinese food popular around the world? True | False
Answer the following questions.
6. What is maize? ___________________________________________________
7. Where is bread a staple food? ________________________________________
8. Where do people eat curries? ________________________________________
9. Where was fast food invented? _______________________________________
10. What kind of food has something for everyone? __________________________
AdditionalActivity
This is an excerpt of the text for our next lesson. Read and identify the descriptive
words and put in the box below.
What IKnow
What I Can Do A.
Answers may vary. 1. b
2. a
Assessment 3. a
Answersmayvary. 4. c
A. 5. b
1. b B.
2. a Answersmayvary.
3. a
4. c
5. b
What’s In
Answersmayvary.
B.
6. It is a kind of corn.
7. In many Western countries such What’s New
as America and Britain. Answers may vary.
8. People eat curries in Thailand and
India.
9. It was invented in the USA. What’sMore
Guided Practice
10. Chinese food has something for
1. d
everyone.
2. a
3. f
4. b
AdditionalActivity 5. c
1. stealthy Guided Assessment
2. nervous 1. Spanish machismo
3. reluctant 2. The new sexual order
4. small 3. Tolerance
4. Gender crossing
5. Western sexualization
Independent Practice
1. legitimate
2. gender crossing
3. True
4. Western
5. Spanish period
Independent Assessment
Answers mayvary.