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SQL Commands 06 Dates 2018 PDF

The document discusses five date and time functions in SQLite: 1) date(), 2) time(), 3) datetime(), 4) julianday(), and 5) strftime(). It provides examples of how to use each function to retrieve or format dates and times in different ways. Modifiers can be added to manipulate the date or time values. The julianday() function returns the number of days since November 24, 4713 BC, and strftime() allows formatting dates according to a given format string.

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Raisham Dahya
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24 views2 pages

SQL Commands 06 Dates 2018 PDF

The document discusses five date and time functions in SQLite: 1) date(), 2) time(), 3) datetime(), 4) julianday(), and 5) strftime(). It provides examples of how to use each function to retrieve or format dates and times in different ways. Modifiers can be added to manipulate the date or time values. The julianday() function returns the number of days since November 24, 4713 BC, and strftime() allows formatting dates according to a given format string.

Uploaded by

Raisham Dahya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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8/23/18

Date Functions

SQLite supports five date and time functions


INFO151 Databases 1. date(timestring, modifier, modifier, ...)
Returns the date in default format: YYYY-MM-DD
2. time(timestring, modifier, modifier, ...)
Returns the time in default format: HH: MM:SS
Lecture 6 Handling Dates 3. datetime(timestring, modifier, modifier, ...)
YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS
4. julianday(timestring, modifier, modifier, ...)
the julianday function counts the number of days since noon in Greenwich on November 24, 4713
B.C.E.
5. strftime(format, timestring, modifier, modifier, ...)
returns the date formatted according to the format string specified as the first argument

Date Functions Date Functions

• The time string can be followed by zero or more modifiers that alter show the current date date(timestring, modifier,
date and/or time. SELECT date('now') AS Today; modifier, ...)
• Each modifier is a transformation that is applied to the time value to its
left.
• Modifiers are applied from left to right; order is important
• e.g.,
SELECT datetime('now');
datetime(timestring, modifier, modifier, ...) datetime(timestring,
YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS modifier, modifier, ...)

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Modifiers date(timestring, modifier, modifier, ...)


Modifiers date(timestring, modifier, modifier, ...)

• NNN days Add (subtract) some amount of time to • start of month Shift the date backwards to the beginning of
• NNN hours • start of year the current month, year or day.
the date and time specified by the
• NNN minutes timestring and modifiers. • start of day
• NNN.NNNN seconds
• NNN months SELECT flno, departure,
• NNN years DATE(departure,'start of month')
FROM Flight;
Select datetime('now') as current_time,
datetime('now','1 days','1 hour','1 minute','1 second','1 year','1 month') as modified_time
SELECT flno, departure, DATE(departure,'start of
month‘, ‘3 days’)
FROM Flight;

5 6

1
8/23/18

weekday N Example: Date Calculations

• Advances the date forward to the next date where the weekday • Compute the duration of each flight in hours
number is N. Sunday is 0, Monday is 1, and so forth. SELECT flno, departure, arrival,
(julianday (arrival) - julianday (departure))*24 AS duration
SELECT date('now', 'weekday 0') FROM Flight;

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strftime(format, timestring, modifier, modifier, ...)

SELECT flno, DateTime(departure),


Date(departure), Time(departure), strftime('%Y', departure) AS Year,
strftime('%m', departure) AS Month,
Format Description
strftime('%d', departure) AS Day
FROM Flight %d day of month: 00
%f fractional seconds: SS.SSS
%H hour: 00-24
%j day of year: 001-366
%J Julian day number
%m month: 01-12
%M minute: 00-59
%s seconds since 1970-01-01
%S seconds: 00-59
%w day of week 0-6 with Sunday==0
%W week of year: 00-53
%Y year: 0000-9999 9

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