The University of Mindanao
Davao City
In partial fulfillment of
the final requirement
for ESM 1
Submitted by:
Buscato, El Niña Jude C.
Lansang, Jan Eric G.
Buenafe, Chad Chlowe
Ortiz, James Michael
Submitted to:
Engr. Lynneth C. Sorronda
Date Submitted:
May 21, 2015
Possible Hazards:
1. Struck-By Falling Objects hazard: Injured the people that were just only
passing by. It is because there is no signage that must be provided by the
workers that will indicate that they are working. (Unsafe condition)
2. Electrical Hazard: Electrical shock. Lack of special protective equipment such
as rubber gloves to avoid electrocution. (Unsafe act)
3. Struck-By Falling Objects hazard: Injury to workers caused by falling debris
or tools. Lack of head protection such as hard hats. (Unsafe act)
4. Fall from Heights Hazard: Fall from height. Inappropriate usage of equipment
and lack of safety harness. (Unsafe act)
5. Unsafe Environment: The environment is not safety for working. People
might pass by since it is a public area that might cause disturbance then
accidents. (Unsafe condition)
Recommendations:
1. Post signage to warn pedestrians of the ongoing repair/work that may cause
harm if precautions are absent. Detour route is also advised.
2. Workers should use rubber gloves and Electrostatic Dissipating Footwear that
will act as an insulator in case of electrocution. Safety actions while working on
electrical circuits (workers should turn off first the light before working on it).
3. Hard hats are required in working where there are possibilities of falling debris.
Standard hard hats that will suspend falling debris to avoid lethal injuries to the
workers.
4. Use proper equipment/tools to make the work easier and more efficient. Also use
safety harness to prevent falling to lower levels.
5. Make the environment a safe workplace. That can be both beneficial to the
workers and for the people.
Ozone Disco Fire Incident
According to the National Fire Protection Association, the Ozone disco fire
incident was the worst club fire scenario that ever happened in the Philippines. It was
on Monday night of March 18, 1996, when most students were celebrating the end of
their classes, that Ozone Disco Club offered a 50% discount promo for guests.
The fire was reported to have started at around 12:30 AM, at the disk jockey's
booth. Overloading is the main cause of fire. Survivors recounted that electrical
sparks and a series of firecracker-like explosions came from the booth before
electricity was cut short and the whole disco was plunged into darkness. At the same
time, smoke filled the whole establishment, which at that time had around more or
less 300 people inside.
The fire quickly spread throughout the disco, aided by the flammable materials
used in the interiors of the building such as the decorative egg cartons used in the
ceiling and the acoustic foam insulation. Light fixtures fell from the ceiling as they
were consumed by the fire. Moments later, the mezzanine fell, crushing some of the
revelers trapped in the innermost part of the disco.
Panicking and unable to find a fire exit, many rushed to the narrow corridor
leading to the front exit. However, the front doors measured less than two meters
wide and swung inwards; the crowd pushed at the doors, closing them instead of
pulling them open. The situation was compounded by security guards locking the
door from outside, thinking that a riot had broken out inside.
By the time firefighters were able to open the doors and put out the flames, many
had died; in the ensuing stampede to the exit, partygoers were suffocated, trampled,
or burned to death. Firefighters discovered numerous bodies, piled-waist high along
the narrow corridor behind the doors, charred beyond recognition. This forced
victims' families to identify the bodies through the personal effects of the victims,
such as jewelry.
Some bodies were never even identified, and were buried in mass graves. The
fire lasted for four hours, claimed around 160 lives, and left 310 persons injured. It
also caused around Php 15 million worth of damage to property.
An investigation of the incident was immediately ordered by President Fidel V.
Ramos. It was discovered that the disco had numerous violations of the National
Building Code such as the lack of fire exits, emergency lights and alarm systems; the
narrow door which swung inwards; and overcrowding—the disco only had an official
capacity of 35 people. The disco's permit to operate was also found to be dubious,
as well as other permits issued by the Quezon City government.
Analysis
Factors of the incident
Swing-In Door. The disco room however, only had one door that could be
opened inward.
Lack of Fire Exit. The disco club had no fire exit. The door which was supposed
to serve as the fire exit was blocked by the establishment beside it.
Overcapacity. The disco has more than 300 people, mostly teenagers, were in
the disco when it could hold only around 100 people.
Conclusion
In entering a building or establishment, we should know the fire exits and other
doors to escape in case of emergency.
Panicking cannot help in the situation, it can only cause harm.
Do not ignore a small and unusual thing that is happening around you. Be alert!
Recommendations
Doors and gates should be in outward and inward opening
Fire exits should be effective and accessible. There must be back up equipment
in case of any emergencies such as emergency lights and alarm systems.
Wires being used inside the disco should be observed and tested first.
Maximum number of people must be properly observed, enough for the space of
the place.
Fire extinguishers should be visible despite of the dimming lights inside the disco.
