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Rational Functions: Domain, Range & Intercepts

This document contains a learning activity sheet on rational functions for a mathematics class. It provides definitions and examples of key concepts related to rational functions, including: 1) The domain of a rational function is all real values of x for which y is defined, excluding any values that make the denominator equal to zero. 2) The range of a rational function is all real values of y for the given domain of real x values. 3) Intercepts of rational functions are found by setting x or y equal to zero and solving for the other variable. The activity sheet then prompts students to find the domain and range of sample rational functions, and to identify the x-intercepts and y-

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14K views6 pages

Rational Functions: Domain, Range & Intercepts

This document contains a learning activity sheet on rational functions for a mathematics class. It provides definitions and examples of key concepts related to rational functions, including: 1) The domain of a rational function is all real values of x for which y is defined, excluding any values that make the denominator equal to zero. 2) The range of a rational function is all real values of y for the given domain of real x values. 3) Intercepts of rational functions are found by setting x or y equal to zero and solving for the other variable. The activity sheet then prompts students to find the domain and range of sample rational functions, and to identify the x-intercepts and y-

Uploaded by

Jaycint - Rud Ponting
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

Region X
Division of Misamis Occidental
PISAAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Pisaan, Bonifacio, Misamis Occidental

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET 4 (LAS)


GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Name: _________________________________________ Score: _________________
Date: __________________________

Learning Competency:
* finds the domain and range of a rational function. M11GM-Ib-5
* determines the: (a) intercepts; (b) zeroes; and (c) asymptotes of rational functions M11GM-Ic-1
* solves problems involving rational functions, equations, and inequalities. M11GM-Ic-3

What is it?

Domain and Range of Rational Functions

Domain of a Rational Function


Let y  =  f(x) be a function.

Domain is all real values of x for which y is defined.


If there is any value of x for which y is undefined, we have to exclude that particular value from the set of
domain. 

Example :

Let us consider the rational function given below.


1
y  = 
x−2
In the above rational function, let us equate the denominator 'x  - 2' to zero.
x - 2  =  0

x  =  2

In the function
x2 −x−2
y  =  ,
x−2

if x  =  2, then the denominator becomes zero and the value of 'y' becomes undefined.  

So, 'y' is defined for all real values of 'x' except x  =  2.

Therefore, the domain of the given function is {x ∈ R  |  x ≠ 2}


Range of a Rational Function

Let y  =  f(x) be a function.


Range is nothing but all real values of y for the given domain (real values of x). 

Example :
Let us consider the rational function given below.
y  =  1 / (x - 2)

To find range of the rational function above, first we have to find inverse of y.
To find inverse of y, follow the steps given below.
Step 1 :
y  =  1 /(x - 2) has been defined by y in terms x. 
The same function has to be redefined by x in terms of y.
Step 2:
y  =  1 / (x - 2)
Multiply each side by (x - 2). 
(x - 2)y  =  1
xy - 2y  =  1
Add 2y to each side. 
xy  =  2y + 1
Divide each side by y.
x  =  (2y + 1) / y
Now the function has been defined by x in terms of y.
Step 3:
In x  =  (2y + 1) / y, we have to replace x by y-1 and y by x.
Then, 
y-1  =  (2x + 1) / x
Step 4:
Now, find the domain of y-1.
In the inverse function y-1, if we substitute 0 for x, the denominator becomes zero and the value of
y-1 becomes undefined.

y-1 is defined for all real values of x except zero.

Therefore, the range is {y∈R  |  y ≠ 0}

Finding Intercepts of Rational Fractions


Intercepts are the points at which a graph crosses either the x or y axis, and they are very useful in sketching
functions.

To find the y-intercept(s) (the point where the graph crosses the y-axis), substitute in 0 for x and solve for y or
f(x).

To find the x-intercept(s) (the point where the graph crosses the x-axis – also known as zeros), substitute in 0
for y and solve for x.

Examples: Find the intercepts of the function given.


To find the y-intercept, we must substitute in 0 for each x:

And then simplify:

There is a y-intercept at  . (Notice that 0 is the x coordinate because on the y-axis, x = 0.)

To find the x-intercept, we must substitute in 0 for y or f(x):

And then solve by cross-multiplying:

0 = x + 10

x = -10

There is a y-intercept at  . (Notice that 0 is the y coordinate because on the x-axis, y = 0.)

To find the y-intercept, we must substitute in 0 for each x:

And then simplify:

There is a y-intercept at  .

To find the x-intercept, we must substitute in 0 for y or f(x):


And then solve by cross-multiplying:

We must now solve the quadratic either by factoring or by using the quadratic formula.
We can factor this trinomial, so we'll use that method:

There are y-intercepts at  .

Note: Not all rational functions have both an x or y intercept. If you cannot find a real solution, then it does not
have that intercept.

ACTIVITY: 
A. Find the domain and range of the following functions.( Write your answer on the space provided in each
number.)

x x+3
1. y= 2. y =
x−1 x−2

2 5x
3. y = 4. y =
x−3 3 x +8

.
B. Find the x and y intercepts of each rational function:
 Prepared by :
RALPH ALEXIS D. PACURSA

Answers: 1)x-int.   y-int.   2) x-int. (4, 0) y-int.   3) x-int. (-2, 0) and (5, 0) y-

int   4) x-int. (1, 0) and (4, 0) y-int (0, -4) 

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