Engineering
Design
Project
Dr. Siddharth S.M.P.
18ES690
Assistant Professor
Thiyagaraja College of Engineering
Lecture 1- Contents
• Definition of design
• What is Design?
• Design Requirement
• Common examples of Design
• The 4 Cs
• Types of Design
• Engineering Marvels
18ES690|Engineering Design Project| Dr. Siddharth S M P 2
Design-Definition
• To create, fashion, execute, or construct according
to plan , design a system for tracking inventory
• Engineering design is the process of devising
a system, component, or process to meet
desired needs. It is a decision-making process
(often iterative), in which the basic science
and mathematics and engineering sciences
are applied to convert resources optimally to
meet a stated objective
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/design
http://www.me.unlv.edu/Undergraduate/coursenotes/meg497/ABETdefinition.htm
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What is Design?
• Art or science?
• While not being exactly an art nor a science, it takes elements from both.
• “Design is not just what it looks like and feels
like. Design is how it works.”
• Invention?
• We should note that a design may or may not involve invention.
• To obtain a legal patent on an invention requires that the design be a step
beyond the limits of the existing knowledge (beyond the state of the art).
Some designs are truly inventive, but most are not.
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Design Requirement
• Good design requires both analysis and synthesis.
• We must be able to calculate as much about the part’s expected
behavior as possible before it exists in physical form by using the
appropriate disciplines of science and engineering science and the
necessary computational tools. This is called analysis . It usually
involves the simplification of the real world through models.
• Synthesis involves the identification of the design elements that will
comprise the product, its decomposition into parts, and the
combination of the part solutions into a total workable system.
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Examples of
Design
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The Four C’s of Design
• Creativity :Requires creation of something that has not existed before or has not existed
in the designer’s mind before
• Complexity: Requires decisions on many variables and parameters
• Choice: Requires making choices between many possible solutions at all levels, from
basic concepts to the smallest detail of shape
• Compromise:Requires balancing multiple and
sometimes conflicting requirements
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Types of Designs
Engineering design can be undertaken for many different reasons, and
it may take different forms.
Original design , also called innovative design. It employs an original,
innovative concept to achieve a need.. A truly original design involves
invention
Adaptive design. This form of design occurs when the design team
adapts a known solution to satisfy a different need to produce a novel
application . For example, adapting the ink-jet printing concept to spray
binder to hold particles in place in a rapid prototyping machine.
Redesign . Much more frequently, engineering design is employed to
improve an existing design. The task may be to redesign a component
in a product that is failing in service, or to redesign a component so as
to reduce its cost of manufacture.
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Types of Designs
• Often redesign is accomplished without any change in the working principle or
concept of the original design. For example, the shape may be changed to reduce a
stress concentration, or a new material substituted to reduce weight or cost. When
redesign is achieved by changing some of the design parameters, it is often called
variant design.
• Selection design. Most designs employ standard components such as bearings,
small motors, or pumps that are supplied by vendors specializing in their
manufacture and sale. Therefore, in this case the design task consists of selecting
the components with the needed performance, quality, and cost from the catalogs
of potential vendors.
• Industrial design. This form of design deals with improving the appeal of a
product to the human senses, especially its visual appeal. While this type of
design is more artistic than engineering, it is a vital aspect of many kinds of
design. Also encompassed by industrial design is a consideration of how the
human user can best interface with the product.
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Engineering Marvels
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EnginEEring MarvEls
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Delta Works Flood Protection, Rhine-Meuse-
Scheldt Delta, Netherlands-World’s largest flood
prevention project
• The Delta Works, off the coast of
Holland, are a huge series of dams,
locks, sluices, storm surge barriers and
dykes designed to protect low-lying
areas of the country from the sea.
• The Delta Works contain some 16,495
km (10,250 miles) of dykes and around
300 separate structures. The largest
signal component is the
Oosterscheldedam, which is the
largest single tidal barrier in the world,
at 9km (5.59 miles) in length.
https://www.water-technology.net/projects/delta-works-flood-netherlands/ 18ES690|Engineering Design Project| Dr. Siddharth S M P
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https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/largest-flood-defence-project-
JiaShao (Jiaxing-Shaoxing) Bridge, China
• The world’s longest cable-stayed bridge is
the 2,680m (main span) JiaShao Bridge
spanning the Qiantang River at the mouth of
Hangzhou Bay in China. The bridge forms
part of the 69.5km Jiaxing-Shaoxing River-
crossing Expressway and consists of eight
traffic lanes.
• The bridge is 55.6m wide and features six
single-column pylons. It was opened to
traffic in July 2013.
https://www.roadtraffic-technology.com/features/featurethe-worlds-longest-cable-stayed-bridges-4180849/
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Beijing National Stadium, Beijing
• The Beijing National Stadium, also
known as the Bird’s Nest stadium,
took five years to complete and
was China’s centrepiece for the
2008 Olympic Games.
• It is an architectural wonder
constructed with more than 42,000
tonnes of steel. It is the largest
steel structure in the world.
https://shapecut.com.au/blog/8-famous-steel-structures/
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Millau Viaduct -the tallest bridge in the world
• The Millau Viaduct is a multi-span cable-
stayed bridge completed in 2004 across
the gorge valley of
the Tarn near Millau in Southern France.
• The design team was led by engineer Michel
Virlogeux and English architect Norman
Foster. As of September 2020, it remains
the tallest bridge in the world, having a
structural height of 336.4 metres.
•
• The Millau Viaduct is part of the A75–A71
autoroute axis
from Paris to Béziers and Montpellier. The
cost of construction was
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millau_Viaduct approximately € 394 million.
http://www.highestbridges.com/wiki/index.php%3Ftitle%3DMi 15
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llau_Viaduct
Largest man made island
• The Palm Jumeirah, The Palm Jebel Ali and the world Islands
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The Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
• The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world’s largest
and most powerful particle accelerator. It first started up
on 10 September 2008, and remains the latest addition
to CERN’s accelerator complex. The LHC consists of a 27-
kilometre ring of superconducting magnets with a
number of accelerating structures to boost the energy
of the particles along the way.
• Using superconducting magnets, the LHC directs two beams of atomic particles
(hadrons) that travel at high speeds and then collide into each other. New particles
are created out of the collision, from which scientists can track behavior
https://home.cern/resources/360-image/accelerators/virtual-tour-lhc
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Three Gorges Dam: The World's Largest Hydroelectric
Plant
• In 2012, the Three Gorges Dam in China took
over the #1 spot of the largest hydroelectric
dam (in electricity production), replacing the
Itaipú hydroelectric power plant in Brazil and
Paraguay.
• The Three Gorges Dam has a generating
capacity of 22,500 megawatts (MW)
compared to 14,000 MW for the Itaipu Dam
• The height of Three Gorges is about 594 feet
(181 meters (m)) and the length is about
7,770 feet (2, 335 m). The dam creates the
Three Gorges Reservoir, which has a surface
area of about 400 square miles (1,045 square
kilometers) and extends upstream from the
dam about 370 miles (600 kilometers)
https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/three-gorges-dam-worlds-largest-hydroelectric-plant?qt-
science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects
https://www.trip.com/travel-guide/yichang/three-gorges-dam-tourist-area-100965/
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Channel Tunnel
• Channel Tunnel, also called Eurotunnel,
rail tunnel between England and France that runs
beneath the English Channel. The Channel Tunnel, 31
miles (50 km) long, consists of three tunnels: two for
rail traffic and a central tunnel for services and
security.
• The tunnel runs between Folkestone, England, and
Sangatte (near Calais), France, and is used for both
freight and passenger traffic. Passengers can travel
either by ordinary rail coach or within their own
motor vehicles, which are loaded onto special
railcars.
• At 37.9 kilometres (23.5 mi), the tunnel has the
longest underwater section of any tunnel in the
world
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Channel-Tunnel https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_Tunnel
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Tallest buildings
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings
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https://www.burjkhalifa.ae/en/the-tower/facts-figures/ 18ES690|Engineering Design Project| Dr. Siddharth S M P
The two most strategic artificial
waterways in the world
Panama Canal, Spanish Canal de Panamá, lock-
type canal, owned and administered by the Republic of
Panama, that connects the Atlantic and Pacific oceans
through the narrow Isthmus of Panama. The length of
the Panama Canal from shoreline to shoreline is about
40 miles (65 km) and from deep water in the Atlantic
(more specifically, the Caribbean Sea) to deep water in
the Pacific about 50 miles (82 km)
Suez Canal, Arabic Qanāt al-Suways, sea-level
waterway running north-south across the Isthmus of
Suez in Egypt to connect the Mediterranean and the
Red seas The canal extends 120 miles (193 km)
between Port Said (Būr Saʿīd) in the north and Suez in
the south, with dredged approach channels north of
Port Said, into the Mediterranean, and south of Suez.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Panama-Canal 18ES690|Engineering Design Project| Dr. Siddharth S M P
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Suez-Canal
Yan'an East Road Interchange in Puxi,
Shanghai
• This is a six-level stack because it is
formed by two elevated highways,
Nanbei Elevated Road and Yan'an
Elevated Road with service roads and a
footbridge underneath.
• The centrally located interchange has a
central pillar known as the Nine-
Dragon Pillar.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack_interchange#:~:text=The%20Dallas%2DFort%20Worth%20Metroplex,tallest%20i
nterchange%20in%20the%20world. 18ES690|Engineering Design Project| Dr. Siddharth S M P 22
Thank you
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Contents
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