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Thermometer Time Constant Estimation

The document provides data on the temperature readings of a mercury thermometer placed in an oil bath over time. It asks to estimate the thermometer's time constant from this data. Multiple time and temperature reading pairs are given. The solution fits an exponential curve to the data and calculates the time constant from various data point combinations, taking the average as the final estimate.

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Muhammad Asif
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127 views4 pages

Thermometer Time Constant Estimation

The document provides data on the temperature readings of a mercury thermometer placed in an oil bath over time. It asks to estimate the thermometer's time constant from this data. Multiple time and temperature reading pairs are given. The solution fits an exponential curve to the data and calculates the time constant from various data point combinations, taking the average as the final estimate.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Asif
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Question
A mercury thermometer, which has been on a table for some time, is registering the room temperature, 75°F.
Suddenly, it is placed in a 400°F oil bath. The following data are obtained for the response of the thermometer.

Give two independent estimates of the thermometer time constant.

Time, s Thermometer reading, °F

0 75

1 107

2.5 140

5 205

8 244

10 282

15 328

30 385

Answer
Step 1
Plotting given time and thermometer reading values using Matlab

Exmpl.m

x = [0 1 2.5 5 8 10 15 30];

y = [75 107 140 205 244 282 328 385];

plot(x,y);

Graph is shown below is exponentially varying over time

Screenshot of x-y graph


Therefore it is exponentially increasing system of order one

Step 2
General solution for exponential first order system is

Where and are constants, T is thermometer reading and t is time

Given that when , Temperature is ,

Therefore

Given that when , Temperature is

Step 3
Therefore,
Substituting values of and in

Simplifying as,

Taking logarithm on both sides,

Step 4
Substituting all values of time t and Temperature T given in table,

For t=0 and T=75,

Step 5
For t=1 and T=107,

For t =2.5 and T =140,

For t =5 and T =205,


,

Step 6
For t=8 and T=244,

For t=10 and T=282,

For t=15 and T=328,

Step 7
For t=30 and T=385,

Taking average of values ofvalues 9.647, 11.203, 9.788, 10.899, 9.870, 9.95 and 9.75 we get time constant .

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