1

Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Inteoduction

School facilities improve the quality of the study environment in the school, thus

improving the quality of education. School facilities have the important role to ensure

the quality of teaching and learning with respect to achieve quality of education. The

performance of school facilities significantly affected on student achievement.

Therefore, the study on measuring school facility performance is basically important to

be taken in order to provide appropriate teaching and learning environment.

The quality of school facilities affects students in two ways. Firstly, a lack of facilities

limits the ability of a student to achieve various learning and extra curricula activities.

Secondly, a lack of facilities has a negative impact on a teachers’ job satisfaction, which

undermines their motivation to teach. (Fresco News Under Industry News, 2019)

A growing body of research has found that school facilities can have a profound impact

on both teacher and student outcomes. With respect to teachers, school facilities affect

teacher recruitment, retention, commitment, and effort. With respect to students,

school facilities affect health, behavior, engagement, learning, and growth in

achievement. Thus, researchers generally conclude that without adequate facilities and

resources, it is extremely difficult to serve large numbers of children with complex

needs. (Penn State University, 2017)

 2

The school facility is much more than a passive container of the educational process: it

is, rather, an integral component of the conditions of learning. The layout and design of

a facility contributes to the place experience of students, educators, and community

members. Depending on the quality of its design and management, the facility can

contribute to a sense of ownership, safety and security, personalization and control,

privacy as well as sociality, and spaciousness or crowdedness. When planning,

designing, or managing the school facility, these facets of place experience should, when

possible, be taken into consideration. (J. Lackney, 2020)

In addition to maintaining existing school buildings, there is a continual need for

modernization. This is a far broader need than the typical concern over creating an

infrastructure for technology. Many schools built in the past do not provide adequate

space resources for the way schools educate children in the early twenty-first century.

Efforts to reduce class size across the nation along with growth in the number of

students have placed a burden on school facilities and increased the demand for more

classroom space. Moreover, teacher efforts to use classrooms in different ways to

maximize learning often require additional square footage in each classroom. For

example, in elementary schools, the traditional room full of tables has often been

replaced by a room with desks on one side and a large carpet in another part of the

room where students sit on the floor for certain activities. Some rooms have special

corners for computers or for quiet reading activities. All of this requires additional space

and reorganization of the classroom space. (L. Picus, 2020)

 3

The purpose of this study is to explore and determine the impact of lack of facilities to

selected student studying BS Criminology in Marawi City. The focused of this study is to

give the reader sufficient information regarding the impact of lack of facilities in terms

of; cognitive domain, psychomotor domain, and affective domain.

Theoretical Framework
This study was anchored from different theorist and concept that play significant role in
the formulation of the study. The researchers considered these theories that directly
explain the major concept involve in the research.
Jean Piaget's Constructivism Theory
He indicate that humans create knowledge through the interaction between their
experiences and ideas. His view of constructivism is the inspiration for radical
constructivism due to his idea that the individual is at the center of the knowledge
creation and acquisition process.
John Dewey's Pragmatism Theory
He believe that reality must be experienced. From Dewey's educational point of view,
this means that students must interact with their environment in order to adapt and learn.
Dewey felt the same idea was true for teachers and that teachers and students must learn
together. His view of the classroom was deeply rooted in democratic ideals, which
promoted equal voice among all participants in the learning experience.
Conceptual Framework
1.1 on the next page elaborates the schematic diagram of the conceptual framework of the
study. This study focused on the impact of lack of facilities to selected students studying
BS Criminology. As shown, on the diagram, the profile served as independent variables
this are the gender and age. The impact of lack of facilities in terms of cognitive domain,
psychomotor domain, and affective domain served as dependent variable. These variable
were collected and used as the basis for drawing some implications.
 4

Demographic Profile The impact of lack of I

of the Respondents facilities to selected M

in terms of; students studying BS
P
Criminology in Marawi
• Age
City A.Y 2020-2021 in L
• Sex
terms of; I

• Cognitive Domain C

• Psychomotor Domain A
Figure 1. The Schematic Diagram of theDomain
• Affective conceptual framework of the study.
T

Statement of the Problem

In this study, the researchers strive to meet the following issues or question.
1. What are the respondent profile in terms of:
1.1 Age;
1.2 Sex; and
2. What is the impact of lack of the facilities to selected students studying BS
Criminology in Marawi City in terms of:
 5

2.1 Cognitive Domain;

2.2 Psychomotor Domain; and
2.3 Affective Domain?
3. What will be the outcome of the study without facilities in school?
Scope and Limitations
The purpose of this study is to explore and determine the impact of lack of facilities to
selected student studying BS Criminology in Marawi City. The focused of this study is to
give the reader sufficient information regarding the impact of lack of facilities in terms of
cognitive domain, psychomotor domain, and affective domain.
Furthermore, we conducted 60 criminology students from Marawi City. It were assumed
that the responses given on the survey instruments reflected the truth and honest
illustration of the students.
Significance of the Study
The result of the study will be of great benefit to the following:
Students. They are the one who strive harder and facing the issues or impact of lack of
the facilities in school. And they are one who suffered due to there's no enough facilities
for them in their course.
Teachers. They are the one who teach, sacrifice, guide, and prepare a lesson and
materials for the students to be more knowledgeable and better. They also suffering
from doesn't have enough facilities that they should provide for their students.
Parents. The are the one who suppport and provide some need of the students in terms
of financial, motivation, encouragement, love and care. And they should have sense of
dedication and responsibility as a guidance and mentor of the students.
School Facilitator (President, Dean, Principal, CHED). They are one who support and
provide facilities for their students. One who will give the needs of school for the
betterness and success of the students and schools.
Future Researcher. This study will be help for the researcher who planning to make any
related studies about this research.
Definition of Terms
For the better understanding of this study, the following terms are defined conceptually
and operationally.
Affective Domain. Involves our feelings, emotions, and attitudes. This domain includes
the manner in which we deal with things emotionally, such as feelings, values,
appreciation, enthusiasms, motivations, and attitudes (Krathwohl, Bloom, Masia, 1973).
In this study, it refers to the behavior of a person towards the things around them.
 6

BS Criminology. Is a four-year degree/three-year program intended for individuals who

wish to have a career in the fields of law enforcement, security administration, crime
detection, and prevention of correctional administration. (Find University). In this study,
it refers to a course in which the law is studied, and investigates wrongdoing and
apprehends it.
Cognitive Domain. The cognitive domain involves knowledge and the development of
intellectual skills. This includes the recall or recognition of specific facts, procedural
patterns, and concepts that serve in the development of intellectual abilities and skills
(Bloom, 1956). In this study, it refers to the knowledge of students or what they learn
from the topic, how they come up or understand from the discussion.
Constructivism. Constructivism is a theory in education that recognizes the learners'
understanding and knowledge based on their own experiences prior to entering school.
It is associated with various philosophical positions, particularly in epistemology as well
as ontology, politics, and ethics (Wikipedia). In this study, it refers to constructing of an
ideas, experience to learn or gain a knowledge of something.
Facilities. Are buildings, pieces of equipment, or services that are provided for a
particular purpose (Collinsdictionary). In this study, it is a tool to better understand
something and become more knowledgeable in learning equipment needs.
Impact. Is have a strong effect on someone or something (Dictionary). In this study, it
refers to the fatal impact of something on someone or anything.
Psychomotor Domain. The psychomotor domain includes physical movement,
coordination, and use of the motor-skill areas. Development of these skills requires
practice and is measured in terms of speed, precision, distance, procedures, or
techniques in execution (Simpson, 1972). In this study, it refers to how students perform
or cooperate with the task given by the teachers.
Structured questionnaire. The use of structured questionnaires in social research was
pioneered by Francis Galton and is very common in the collection of data in quality of
life research nowadays. A typical example of a structured questionnaire is the Census
questionnaire, which collects demographic information from individuals.
 7

Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter deals with the review of related literature and studies that where analysing

data. For RL it is talk about lack of the facilities, cognitive domain, psychomotor domain,

and affective domain. And for RS is about to other study that related to this studies.

Related Literature

School facilities
 8

According to an article by PennState University, school facilities affect teacher

recruitment and retention. More importantly, they also affect the health, behaviour and

engagement of the students. Thus, adequate facilities make it easier for the school to

deliver better education. According to the US General Accounting Office (GAO) almost

three-fourths of existing US schools in 1996 was constructed before 1970. Of these

schools, about one-third of schools had need of extensive repair or replacement and

almost two-thirds had at least one inadequate building feature such as substandard

plumbing, roofing, or electrical systems. Moreover, 58-percent had at least one

unsatisfactory environmental condition such as inadequate ventilation, acoustics, or

physical security.

Cognitive Domain

Piaget's (1936, 1950) theory of cognitive development explains how a child constructs a

mental model of the world. He disagreed with the idea that intelligence was a fixed

trait, and regarded cognitive development as a process which occurs due to biological

maturation and interaction with the environment. Children’s ability to understand, think

about and solve problems in the world develops in a stop-start, discontinuous manner

(rather than gradual changes over time).

Psychomotor Domain

It includes physical movement, coordination, and use of the motor-skill areas.

Development of these skills requires practice and is measured in terms of speed,

precision, distance, procedures, or techniques in execution. Thus, psychomotor skills

 9

rage from manual tasks, such as digging a ditch or washing a car, to more complex tasks,

such as operating a complex piece of machinery or dancing (Simpson, 1972). Student

should engage in activities that the requires movement because they learn by doing

(Favre, 2009).

Affective Domain

It includes the manner in which we deal with things emotionally, such as feelings,

values, appreciation, enthusiasms, motivations, and attitudes (Krathwohl, Bloom, Masia,

1973).

Related Studies

Vert V., Perrsky, B., DeWitt, D., Fischer, J. (2011) conducted a study entitled "The impact

of school facilities on the learning environment". The research design used in this study

is mixed method research design. The findings of this study had implications for setting

policies and practices regarding the funding formula, planning, and design of school

facility renovation or construction of new school building.

Robert Scott Mcgowen (2007) conducted a study entitled "The impact of facilities on

student achievement, attendance, behavior, completion rate and teacher turn-over rate

in selected Texas high school". Researcher used descriptive research design method.

The findings of this study is educators would be able to provide descriptions of how the

physical environment has impacted their performance and that of their students.

Quantitative studies similar to this research should consider expanding the study

population to gather larger study samples. This may assist in providing more statistically
 10

significant data. It would also provide practitioners with more readily applied

conclusions across similar populations. Future studies would provide greater impact by

focusing on a specific school or set of schools with a deeper investigation of student

performance data.

Ainon Ramli & Rosmaizura Mohd Zain (2019) conducted a study entitled "The impact of

facilities on student's academic achievement". The researcher used a survey-

questionnaire to gather data. The finding of this study was refine the questionnaire

before the actual distribution took place. By performing a pilot study, any potential

problems in the pro forma questionnaire can be identified and corrected or modified

prior to the main administration of the survey instrument.

Usen, Onodiong Mfreke (2016) conducted a study entitled "Teachers’ Utilization of

School Facilities and Academic Achievement of Student Nurses in Human Biology in

Schools of Nursing in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". The researcher used Ex-post facto

(causal-comparative design). The findings of this study was Teachers’ Utilization of

School Library and Academic Achievement of Student Nurses in Human Biology The

result obtained on teachers’ utilization of school library and academic achievement of

student nurses in Human Biology revealed that there is significant positive relationship

between the variables (Table 5). However, library is the heartbeat of any academic

institution, without it the school system is defective. Library is an essential factor in

teaching-learning process. It forms one of the most important educational services. The

educational process functions in a world of books. The chief purpose of a school library

is to make available to teachers and students at their easy convenience, all books,
 11

periodicals and other reproduced materials which are of interest and value to them. As

an information resource center, it is believed to enrich teachers’ knowledge of the

subject matter, and consequently would impact on students’ academic achievement.

Chapter III
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
This chapter present a description of the research design, locale of the study, data
gathering procedure, research instruments, and statistical tools.
Research Design
In this study, the researchers used a structured questionnaire (The use of structured
questionnaires A typical example of a structured questionnaire is the Census
questionnaire, which collects demographic information from individuals) research
design method. This research design method used to explore and determine the impact
of lack of the facilities to selected students studying BS Criminology course. The
researchers conducted a survey questionnaire to fulfill the objective of this study.
Locale of the Study
The researcher conducted the study in Marawi City. The researchers choose the locale
since it relates or similar to this study. This conserves the Bangsamoro Muslim Region of
the Meranaos.
 12

Figure 2. Map of Marawi City, Lanao Del Sur

 13

Respondents of the Study

The respondent of this study are selected student studying BS Criminology students.
Data Gathering Procedure
The researcher gathered an information through; first, give a proposal title to the thesis
adviser to select a best title for the study. Second, collecting a data or information from
the source of internet. Third, compiled the data gathered. Fourth, consulted the data
gathered to thesis adviser. Fifth, asked a permission to thesis adviser to proceed on
surveying. Sixth, the questionnaire were distributed through face-to-face and online
chatting for them to answer. Seventh, after the respondents response, the researchers
tallied the results and given to the statician to check, and tabulated using the most
statistical tools. And last, the researchers analyzed and interpreted the data to come up
the findings of the study.
Research Instruments
The instruments that were used in gathering the data was survey questionnaire which
was composed of two (2) parts. Part I is consisting of personal information or
demographic profile of the respondents. While, Part II represent the impact of lack of
the facilities to student studying BS Crimininology course that have a three division;
cognitive domain, psychomotor domain, and affective domain. Each of the three divison
have a ten questions.
Statistical Tools Use
The researcher will use the following statistical tools in analysis and interpretation of
data gathered on this study.
1. Frequency and Percentage Distribution. This was utilize to describe the distribution
of the respondents' profile.
Formula:

Where:
 14

P = percentage
F = frequency
N = the total number of resondents
100% = constant
2. Standard Deviation. A measure of the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of
values. A low standard deviation indicates that the values tend to be close to the mean
of the set, while a high standard deviation indicates that the values are spread out over
a wider range.
Formula:
Where:
SD = standard deviation

3. Weight mean. This tool is an average computed by giving different weights to some
of the individual values.
Formula:
Where:
W = weight average
N = number of terms to be average
Wi = weights applied to x value
Xi = data values to be
 15

Chapter 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSES AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presented, analyzed and interpreted the gathered data. The
presentation analysis and interpretation of data were illustrated with tables and explained
in the same order.
Part I. The demographic profile of the respondents
Age Frequency Percentage
Between 15-20 years old 19 31.7
Between 21-25 years old 37 61.7
Between 26-30 years old 4 6.7
Between 30 years old 0 0.0
Above
Total 60 100.0
Table 1 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the respondents’ Age

Table 1 shows the frequency and percentage distribution of respondent's Age. As shown,
nineteen (19) or 31.7% are in the age bracket of 15-20 years old. Thirty seven (37) or
61.7% are the respondents at 21-25 years old. And four (4) or 6.7% are the respondents at
 16

26-30 years old. And for 30 years old above is zero (0) respondents with the of 0.00%
percent.
The finding signifies that majority of the respondents belong to the age of 21-25 with the
percentage of 61.7%, which is the criminology students in Marawi City. They are on the
right age, this according to (Ede, 2004 et.al), there is still debate among these
professional over what effect school entrance age has on student's academic achievement.

Sex Frequency Percentage

Male 42 70.0
Female 18 30.0
Total 60 100.0
Table 2 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the respondents’ Sex

Table 2 shows the frequency and percentage distribution of respondent's sex. As shown,
forty two (42) or 70.0% of the respondents are male. On the other hand, eighteen (18) or
30 0% of the respondents are female.
The finding revealed that majority of the respondents are male with the percentage of
70.0%. This implies that male are dominating in the schools, and they are most interested
to take criminology course. Thus, according to (Lerner's 2001) gender may also have
conceptual under pinning's linked to student's academic success.
 17

Table 3
Mean Rank and Descriptive Rating of the Impact of the Lack of Facilities to
Selected Students Studying BS Criminology in Marawi City in terms of Cognitive
Domain
Std. Descriptive
Indicator Mean Deviation Rank Rating
Does school facilities give you more 2.45 .699 1 Yes
knowledge?
Have you suggested to your teacher to present 2.13 .700 2 Sometimes
an equipment for your lesson?
As a criminology student, can you enumerate 2.08 .766 3 Sometimes
the parts of a gun?
Are you satisfied of what you learned without 2.05 .699 4 Sometimes
an equipment?
Will you understand a lesson if there is an 2.03 .758 5 Sometimes
equipment being presented as an example?
Does school facilities improve your learning? 2.00 .689 6 Sometimes
Have you experienced using an equipment in 1.95 .746 7 Sometimes
your learning?
Do you often use facilities in your learning? 1.93 .710 8.5 Sometimes
Do you feel comfortable in listening to a 1.93 .841 8.5 Sometimes
discussion without an equipment being
presented?
If there are no facilities, will you learn your 1.87 .769 10 Sometimes
lesson enough?
Average Mean 2.04 Sometimes

Scaling:
2.36 – 3.00  Yes
1.68 – 2.35 Sometimes
1.00 – 1.67  No

Table 3 shows the mean, rank and descriptive rating of the respondents' perceived the
impact of lack of facilities on cognitive domain. As shown, first ranked the respondents
illustrated that they are "yes" affected by the following: The school facilities give them
 18

more knowledge. Whereas, from 2nd-10th shown the respondent's illustrated that they are
"sometimes" affected by the following: they suggested on their teacher to present an
equipment for their lessons; they can enumerate the parts of gun; they are satisfied of
what they learned without an equipment; they will understand a lesson if there's an
equipment being presented as an example; the school facilities improve their learning;
they experienced using an equipment in their learning; they are comfortable in listening
to a discussion without an equipment being presented; and if there's no facilities, they
will learn their lesson enough.
In general, it implies that the respondents are "yes" affected by lack of facilities in terms
of cognitive domain with the mean of 2.45. This just means that facilities give them more
knowledge in a way that they can learn through class discussion with an equipment
presented. According to Piaget's (1936, 1950), he disagreed with the idea that
intelligence was a fixed trait, and regarded cognitive development as a process which
occurs due to biological maturation and interaction with the environment.

Table 4
Mean Rank and Descriptive Rating of the Impact of the Lack of Facilities to
Selected Students Studying BS Criminology in Marawi City in terms of
Psychomotor Domain
Std. Descriptive
Indicator Mean Deviation Rank Rating
Do you want to experience how to hold an 2.25 .728 1 Sometimes
equipment to gain a knowledge?
Have you tried to use a lie detector machine? 2.17 .827 2 Sometimes
As a criminology student, have you practiced 2.12 .666 3 Sometimes
using a gun?
Are you comfortable to try to use a 2.10 .817 4 Sometimes
microscope?
Were you trained to make a photo enlarger? 2.05 .790 5.5 Sometimes
Do you believe that equipment is important to 2.05 .746 5.5 Sometimes
try on?
Do you agree that training is the best to learn 2.02 .770 7 Sometimes
quickly?
Have you practice to identity the fingerprints? 1.93 .686 8.5 Sometimes
Do you know how to assemble a gun properly? 1.93 .778 8.5 Sometimes
Have you experienced polygraph machine? 1.83 .785 10 Sometimes
Average Mean 2.05 Sometimes
Scaling:
2.36 – 3.00  Yes
1.68 – 2.35 Sometimes
1.00 – 1.67  No
 19

Table 4 shows the mean, rank and descriptive rating of the impact of lack of facilities in
terms of psychomotor domain. As shown, first ranked the respondents illustrated that
they are "sometimes" affected by the following: they want to experience how to use an
equipment to gain a knowledge. However, from 2nd-10th also illustrated that they are
"sometimes" affected by the following: they tried to use lie detector machine; have they
practice a gun; are they comfortable to try to use a microscope; they trained to make a
photo enlarger; they believe that equipment is important to try on; they believe that
training is the best way to learn quickly; they practiced to identity the fingerprints; they
know how to assemble a gun; they experienced polygraph machine.
In general, it implies that the respondents are "sometimes" affected by lack of facilities in
terms of psychomotor domain with the mean 2.25. This just mean that facilities or
equipment is need to try on or it useful in learning in a way that they are prefer to learn
through actual activities. According to Simpson (1972) it includes physical movement,
coordination, and use of the motor-skill areas. Development of these skills requires
practice and is measured in terms of speed, precision, distance, procedures, or
techniques in execution.

Table 5
Mean Rank and Descriptive Rating of the Impact of the Lack of Facilities to
Selected Students Studying BS Criminology in Marawi City in terms of Affective
Domain
Std. Descriptive
Indicator Mean Deviation Rank Rating
If there's an equipment, does it boost your 2.23 .767 1 Sometimes
learning capability?
If there are facilities, are you active in class? 2.18 .725 2 Sometimes
Do you comfortable in your learning even 2.15 .860 3.33 Sometimes
without facilities?
Do you feel incompetent without facilities in 2.15 .709 3.33 Sometimes
your learning?
Do you like to study when there are materials 2.15 .777 3.33 Sometimes
you can use?
Do you feel confident in your study when 1.98 .770 6 Sometimes
there are equipments to try on?
Did you compete with your classmates during 1.92 .766 7 Sometimes
class discussion?
Are you enjoying your class discussion when 1.90 .775 8 Sometimes
it is coupled with demonstration on how to use
a particular equipment?
Do you feel annoyed in your study? 1.88 .739 9 Sometimes
If there's no facilities, do you feel bored? 1.83 .693 10 Sometimes
 20

Average Mean 2.04 Sometimes

Scaling:
2.36 – 3.00  Yes
1.68 – 2.35 Sometimes
1.00 – 1.67  No

Table 5 shows the mean, rank and descriptive rating of the impact of lack of facilities in
terms of affective domain. As shown, first ranked the respondents illustrated that they are
"sometimes" affected by the following: the equipment boost their learning capability.
Moreover, from 2nd-10th also illustrated that they are "sometimes" affected by the
following: they are active in class if there's an equipment used; they are comfortable in
their learning without an equipment; they feel incompetent without facilities in their
learning; they like to study when there's materials they can use; they feel confident in
their studies when there's an equipment to try on; they compete in with their
classmates during the discussion; they enjoy in class discussion when instructor
demonstrate on how to use an equipment properly; they feel annoyed in their studies; if
there's no facilities, they feel bored.
To sum up, it implies that the respondents are "sometimes" affected by lack of facilities
in terms of affective domain with the mean 2.23. This just mean that equipment boost
their learning capability in a way that they pursue to learn if there's an equipment
presented. According to Krathwohl, Bloom, Masia, (1973) it includes the manner in
which we deal with things emotionally, such as feelings, values, appreciation,
enthusiasms, motivations, and attitudes.

Table 6
Summary of the Impact of the Lack of Facilities to Selected Students Studying BS
Criminology in Marawi City
Descriptive
Indicator Mean Rank Rating
Psychomotor Domain 2.05 1 Sometimes
Cognitive Domain 2.04 2 Sometimes
Affective Domain 2.04 3 Sometimes
Grand Mean 2.04 Sometimes

Scaling:
2.36 – 3.00  Yes
1.68 – 2.35 Sometimes
1.00 – 1.67  No
 21

Table 6 shows that the summary of the respondent's impact of lack of facilities. As
shown, first ranked with the mean 2.05 shows that the respondents are "sometimes"
affected by the lack of facilities in terms of psychomotor domain. Whereas, the second
ranked with mean 2.04 shows that the respondents are "sometimes" affected by the lack
of facilities in terms of cognitive domain. On the other hand, the third ranked with same
mean 2.04 on second ranked shows that the respondents are "sometimes" affected by the
lack of facilities in terms of affective domain.
In general, it implies that the respondents are "sometimes" by the lack of facilities in
terms of psychomotor domain with the mean 2.05. this just mean that psychomotor
domain was the most affected factors. According to Favre (2009) Student should engage
in activities that the requires movement because they learn by doing.
 22

Chapter 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, IMPLICATIONS, AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusion, implications and
recommendations of the study.
Summary
The impact of lack of facilities makes it difficult for the students to experience and gain a
knowledge. School facilities is very useful or valuable to the students, they can gain some
ideas, or knowledge, and they can experience the importance of an equipment, and they
are motivated to learn. The main problem of the study is to find out the impact of lack of
facilities to selected students studying BS Criminology in Marawi City. Particularly, this
study answered the following questions: what is the respondent's profile bin terms of age
and sex; what is the impact of lack of facilities in terms of cognitive domain,
psychomotor domain, and affective domain; what implications can be drawn from the
study?
To answer the above questions, a self-made questionnaire were used. These questionnaire
were structured-survey questionnaire type. The first questionnaire were designed to
gather information about the respondent's profile. The second dea with the impact of lack
of facilities to selected students.
Findings
Based on the gathered data, the following is the major findings of the study:
1. Majority or 61.7% of the respondents are belong to the bracket 20-25 years old;
2. Majority of 70.0% of the respondents are male;
3. The respondents illustrate that they are "yes" on facilities give them more knowledge
but it affected by the lack of facilities in terms of cognitive domain with the mean 2.45
because there's no enough facilities provided in class.
4. The respondents illustrate that they are "sometimes" want to hold an equipment to
learn or gain a knowledge but it affected by lack of facilities in terms of psychomotor
domain with the mean 2.25 due to there's no enough facilities used.
5. The respondents illustrate that they are "sometimes" boosted in learning capability
through school facilities but it affective by lack of facilities with the mean 2.23 because
there's no school facilities provided to used.
6. The summary of the respondents impact of lack of facilities to selected students
studying BS Criminology in Marawi City, it implies that they are "sometimes" affected by
lack of facilities in terms of psychomotor domain with the mean 2.05, this just mean
that student should engage in physical activities because they learn by doing.
Conclusion
 23

Based on the findings, the selected students studying BS Criminology in Marawi City
were belong to the twenty one to twenty five (21-25) years old; male has fourthy two (42)
gathering percentage of seventy point zero (70.0%). In terms of the impact of lack of
facilities, it shows that the psychomotor domain was the most affected factors.
Implications
From the findings, implications were drawn:
The highest percentage in age profile belongs to 20-25 yearsbold and majority of the
respondents were male who are most interested to take criminology course. In addition,
the findings of the respondents are "sometimes" affected by the cognitive domain
because it involves the intellectual abilities of the students, they can recall the ideas or
facts if there's an example or equipment presented. In psychomotor domain, they are
"sometimes" affected because they learn by doing. And in affective domain, they are
"sometimes" affected because school facilities boost their learning capability.
In short, most of the respondents were "sometimes" affected by the three factors.
Recommendation
On the basis of present study, some of the recommendation are drawn as follows:
1. Student's skills must not be affected by lack of facilities to learn ang gain a more
knowledge.
2. The stake holder of education (i.e teachers, school head or administrator, and
government) must maintain or provide a facilities for the students to have enough or
high quality of education.
3. Parents should guide, motivate, and care their children to engage them to learn or
study more.
4. Future researcher shall get factual information from this research study with have
major basis as support to their study.

Bibliography
Aechieval Andrews (2019.How school facilities improve a child's school experience.
Under University News.Bert Vandiever.Dissertation/Thesis-Doctoral
Dissertation.https://www.fresconews.com
Enrryson Sebastian (2011).The impact of school facilities on the learning
environment.174pages.By Bert Bandiver.Capella
 24

University.https://wwwscribd.com/doc/240433901/the impact of school facilities on the

learning environment
Penn State University (2017).The importance of school facilities in improving students
outcomes.Published by Interior Avenue, your project roadmap, furnishing
knowledge.https://interioravenue.net/2017/11/06/improving-students-outcomes
Brau, B. (2020).Constructivism. In R. Kimmons & S. Caskurlu (Eds.), The Students'
Guide to Learning Design and Research. EdTech Books.
https://edtechbooks.org/studentguide/constructivism
Kory Sorrel (2013).Pragmatism.Sage
Journals.https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0191453713494967
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Seels and Glasgow (1990).Affective Domain.Exercises in instructional design. Columbus
OH: Merrill Publishing Company.https://bestofbilash.ualberta.ca/krathwol.html
J. S. (2005).BS Criminology in Philippines.Replubican College.Find
University.https://www.finduniversity.ph/majors/bs-in-criminology-philippines

Appendix A
Bangsamoro Autonomous Region Muslim Mindanao
Ministry of Basic, Higher and Technical Education
Philippine Muslim Teachers' College
Bachelor of Science in Criminology
037 Bo. Green, Marawi City
________________________________________________________________________
________
March 03, 2021
 25

PMTC Administration
037 Barrio Green, Marawi City
Lanao Del Sur, BARMM, Philippines

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Good day and Assalamu Allaikum!
We, the undersigned students of Philippine Muslim Teachers' College would like to ask
for permission to allow us to conduct a survey among the students in Marawi City about
"THE IMPACT OF LACK OF FACILITIES TO SELECTED STUDENTS STUDYING BS
CRIMINOLOGY IN MARAWI CITY A.Y 2020-2021". The survey will last only about 5 to 10
minutes. Rest assured that the data gathered will remain confidential and for academic
purpose only. We are hoping that this request will merit your favorable approval.
Thank you and God blessed!

The Researchers,
Mapandi, Mohammad Albanie A.
Rascal, Mohammad Hafiz O.

Approved by:

School Administrator

Appendix B
Bangsamoro Autonomous Region Muslim Mindanao
Ministry of Basic, Higher and Technical Education
Philippine Muslim Teachers' College
Bachelor of Science in Criminology
037 Bo. Green, Marawi City
 26

________________________________________________________________________
________
March 03, 2021
PMTC Administration
037 Barrio Green, Marawi City
Lanao Del Sur, BARMM, Philippines

Dear Respondents,
Good day and Assalamu Allaikum!
We, the undersigned students of Philippine Muslim Teachers' College would like to ask
for permission to allow us to conduct a survey from you about "THE IMPACT OF LACK
OF FACILITIES TO SELECTED STUDENTS STUDYING BS CRIMINOLOGY IN MARAWI CITY
A.Y 2020-2021". The survey will last only about 5 to 10 minutes. Rest assured that the
data gathered will remain confidential and for academic purpose only. We are hoping
that this request will merit your favorable approval.
Thank you and God blessed!

The Researchers,
Mapandi, Mohammad Albanie A.
Rascal, Mohammad Hafiz O.

Approved by:

Atty. Omira S. Mahdi

Thesis Adviser

Appendix C
The impact of the lack of facilities to selected students studying
BS Criminology in Marawi City
A.Y 2020-2021
 27

Part I. Respondent Profile

Name (Optional): _________________________________
Instructions: Please put a check (✔️) on the open-close parentheses ( ) space provided
below for your corresponding answer.
Age:
Between 15-20 ( )
Between 21-25 ( )
Between 26-30 ( )
Between 30 Above ( )
Sex:
Male ( )
Female ( )

Part II.
Instructions: Please put a check (✔️) in the box ☑️space provided using the scale given
below.
3. No
2. Sometimes
1. Yes
Cognitive Domain
1. Does school facilities give you more
knowledge?
2. Does school facilities improve your
learning?
3. Do you often use facilities in your
learning?
4. Will you understand a lesson if there is
an equipment being presented as an
example?
5. Do you feel comfortable in listening to a
discussion without an equipment being
 28

Cognitive Domain
presented?
6. As a criminology students, can you
enumerate the parts of a gun?
7. If there are no facilities, will you learn
your lesson enough?
8. Have you suggested to your teacher to
present an equipment for your lesson?
9. Are you satisfied of what you learned
without an equipment?
10. Have you experienced using an
equipment in your learning?

Psychomotor Domain
1. Have you tried to use a lie detector
machine?
2. Have you practice to identity the
fingerprints?
3. Are you comfortable to try to use a
microscope?
4. As a criminology student, have you
practiced using a gun?
5. Do you know how to assemble a gun
properly?
6. Have you experienced polygraph
machine?
7. Were you trained to make a photo
enlarger?
8. Do you believe that equipment is
important to try on?
9. Do you agree that training is the best to
learn quickly?
10. Do you want to experience how to
 29

Psychomotor Domain
hold an equipment to gain a knowledge?

Affective Domain
1. Do you comfortable in your learning
even without facilities?
2. Do you feel incompetent without
facilities in your learning?
3. Do you feel annoyed in your study?
4. If there's no facilities, do you feel
bored?
5. Do you like to study when there are
materials you can use?
6. If there are facilities, are you active in
class?
7. Are you enjoying your class discussion
when it is coupled with demonstration on
how to use a particular equipment?
8. If there's an equipment, does it boost
your learning capability?
9. Do you feel confident in your study
when there are equipments to try on?
10. Did you compete with your classmates
during class discussion?

Curriculum Vitae
 30

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Name: Mohammad Hafiz Olama Rascal
Nickname: Hafiz
Age: 23
Date of Birth: February 24, 1998
Civil Status: Married
Spouse: Sittie Farmidah P. Pamnagun
Address: Pangapon stree., Panggao Saduc, Marawi City
Father's name: Mr. Waidah Bacaraman Rascal
Mother's name: Samsia Usman Olama-Rascal

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary: Amai Pakpak Central Elementary School (2009-2010)
High School: MSU-Lanao National College Art and Trade (2013-2014)
Tertiary: Philippine Muslim Teacbers' College (2020-2021)

Curriculum Vitae
 31

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Name: Mohammad Albanie Andor Mapandi
Nickname: BANZKIE
Age: 23
Date of Birth: October 31, 1998
Civil Status: Single
Address: Poblacion, Tangcal, Lanao Del Norte
Father's name: Minsuare D. Mapandi
Mother's Name: Noronisa M. Andor

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary: Banisilon Central Elementary School
High School: Tangcal National High School
Tertiary: Philippine Muslim Teachers' College