Collocations ‘1. Read sentences 1-6 below. Which adjectives in italics do not collocate with the nouns? Which group should the adjective be in? 1 Olivia is a close / school / true / childhood / brief / fair weather fiend 2 Garis my new /famil former partner, 3 Nowadays there are far m 1 single / foster /step- parents 4 l grew up in atypical two-parent / close-knit / extended ‘nuclear / absent / dysfunctional fal. S$ Lolais Miguel's ont 'y immediate / distant / blood / close / strong /lwving relative © think Chandra and Ajay illhave a stable lifelong / ‘mutual / stormy / long-term / close relationship. ly marriage / previous / dancing / ‘re lone / adoptive / personal 2 Compare two of the: relationship the peoy partner does the sa pictures and say what kind of ple have. Then listen while your ime with the other two pictures, Part Alter you hear each extrac forthe second time, forget about it and concentrate on the next pair of questions 3 Look at the exam task. Study the introduction to each extract and the first line of each question, then anewer these questions. 1 Whats the situation in each extract? Who will you hear? What will they be talking about? What is the focus of each question? eg. 1a reason, 2 giving advice 4 HERD Listen and do the exam task 2 3 4 Quick steps to Listening Part 1 + Read each introduction and imagine the situation, * Underline the key words in the first line of each qui * The first time you listen, answer those questions * Listen a second time to check. Answer any yol UNIT 3 LISTENING a You willhear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choo the answer (A, B or C) which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract. You hear a couple, Jack and Emily, discussing a problem he hey at work. 11 Why did Jack and a colleague fall out? ‘A The man had complained to the boss about Jack B The firm had selected Jack for a particular task © Jack had forced the man to resign from his post 2 Emily advises Jack to A talk calmly to the man about the issue. B lether speak to the man at lunchtime, © avoid seeing the man if at all possible, watched on TV. 3 What was the news story mainly about? A how totell when people are lying B Gitcumstancesin which people tend to lie © thetypes of people who are most ikely lie “What surprises the woman about the information in the story? A the high number of ies people tel 8 how inventive some criminals can be © atechnique the police use to detect lies [Extract You hear two students, flat sharing Amelia and Olli, in a café talking about 5 They both think that finding the right flatmates A is inevitably a slow process, B means you will become close friends. © can create a wider social ciel, 6 What is Amelia's attitude to standards of tidiness and cleanliness? ‘A. Everyone should adopt those of the tidiest person. B Itcan be annoying when people criticise those of others. © Men tend to be less concerned about them than Digitalizada com CamScannerit Reported speech © page 9 1. Read these sentences reporting a further conversation between Amelia and Ollie from the Listening task. Rewrite them in direct speech, underlining the words that change. Example: Amelia said she'd found her flatmates on that website. “Lfound my flatmates on this website.” 1 She asked Ollie whether he was still living in the same flat. 2 He ssid thathe wasn't. He'd moved out the previous week 3. She wanted to know why he'd left. 4 He explained that he hadn't been able to study properly. 5. She asked what the problem had been. 6 He replied that 2 few months earlier his flatmate had started learning the violin. 7 She enquired whether he'd found a Auieter place by then. 8 He said he had, and that he thought he'd enjoy living there, 2 (HRT Listen and check your answers ow do they differ from the reported speech Examplesshe+1 had found ~ found fher—> my that* this 3 © Correct the mistakes in these sentences vr candidates. In some cases more than one answer Ss sentences are correct. 1. Some students suggested to go sightsezing on! 2. Your brochure said that | got a room in a high-class hot 3 I arrived late and my boss warned me not to do that ageir She asked me whether she could look after the kids from time to time. 5 He threatened his daughter not to speak to her again if she married ‘that man. 6 The radio told us to not go anywhere because of the snow. 7 The electric company apologised for not have told me the lights would go out. 8 Socrates never promised that his students will actually learn anything specific 14. Rewrite the sentences using the reporting verbs in bold in Exercise 3 Begin ‘He ..” or ‘She ..”. More than one answer is possible. 1. ‘Ididn't break your coffee mug” 2 ‘Canthelp you?” 3. ‘Lot's share this flat together: 4 ‘Vm sorry | woke you up! 5. ‘llpay you back at the end of this month’ a 7 8 “You shouldn't touch this wire while the electricity is on “fyou don't get out now, Il call te police” Tomorrow's Saturday. Don't wake me before noon’ 5. Complete these sentences about yourself using the reporting verbs in italics, Then write what was actually said. Compare answers with a partner. ‘Example: [was late so I explained .. that I'd missed the bus. "Tm afraid I missed the bus.” 1. Iwas tired so | refused... 2. Mybest friend invited... 3. My sister/cousin complained 4 My mother reminded 5. The doctor advised 6 Aiend of mine admitted. 7 One of my relatives who had a car offered. 8 Ariend who had a new phone recommended. Digitalizada com CamScannerYou are going to read a newspaper article. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or Dy Which you think fits best according to the tex Now everyone is connected, is this the deat; of conversation? ‘As our meeting places fall silent, save for tapping on screens, it seems we have mistale connection for the real thing Simon Jenkins | first noticed it in a restaurant. The place wa oddly quiet, and at one table a group sat with their heads bowed, their eyes hooded and the hands in their laps. | then realised that every one, whatever their age group, was gazing at a handheld phone or tablet. People strolled in the street outside likewise, with arms at 1 Ineach of these situations, how often do you right angles, necks bene and heads In awhvafl postures. Mothers with babies were doing it. Students in groups were doing it. The scene resembled something from an old science- fiction film, There was no conversation. 2) talk to people? _b) use a device such as a mobile phone? 3s to Reading and Use of English Part 5 for cist only. jon or unfinished statement, but not options A-D. Every visit to California convinces me that part of the text. Answer in your own words. the digital revolution is over, by which | mean n closest to your own answer. itis won. Everyone is connected. The New York Times last week declared the death of conversation. While mobile phones may at last be falling victim to considerate behaviour, this is largely because even talk is considered this example item (remember, there is no example in the exam) __t0o intimate a contact. No such bar applies Fanswer these questions. Then do the exam task ‘0 emailing, texting, messaging, posting (ENS and ewan. es ubiquitous, the ultimate connectivity, the brain wired fulltime to Why is answer C correct? infinity Why is each of A, B and D incorrect? fexam task instructions and then quickly read the text. fe writer's answer to the question in the title? The MIT professor and psychologist Sher first paragraph? mastering the art of maintaining eye contact He was concerned that it mainly involved young people. ‘with a person while texting someone else. It He wondered whether the same things happened in real life. is lke an organist playing different tunes with He thought those who were walking locked uncomfortable. hands and feet, To Turkle, these people are He was pleased to be in a place where there was no noise. ‘alone together... a tribe of one’. Anyone with 3,000 Facebook friends has none. ae The audience in many theatres now sit, row on row. with lit machines in their laps, lookin Look for evidence that your answer is right, and also that the 10 the stage occasionally bucmorth ccremeel other options are wrong. and tapping away. The same happens at ee A B c D BEBE) unir 3 READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 2. Digitalizada com CamScannerin coffee bars and on jogging meetings and lectures tracks, Psychologists have identifies of conversation’ an “conversational avoidance devices’ there is now a booming de ith robots and artificial loaded with custor sople sign up with ing advisors, even claim t ipoard GPS guides. A robot seal line stores to sit and listen to head and blinking in id have come up with th In consequence. {or online ‘conversation’ wi voices. Mobiles come | ‘boyfriends’ or‘ computerised dati love with their on- > ean be picked up in on tlderly individuals tall, eng Fes History of @ Declining Art ‘hat public discourse is smpered disagreement. sues’ Anger and lack of sets in public debate, listen and adjust one's becomes a platform of ican politicians are ever more ing a genuine hatred for _ ln his Conversation: A * Stephen Miler notes ‘now dominated by il-ter ® by intersecting monolog! 1 restraint are treated as ass place of a willingness t0 {point of view. Pol rival angers. Ameri farised, reduced to conveyi ‘the death of conversation has been that of the book. As far the literary figure Samuel that the decline of political lead to violent civil disorder. ‘George Orwell concluded id of the age was away from creative ssements and toward solitary ‘we have muddled ‘announced as often as Johnson worried 4 conversation would Ie ‘mechanical ones’ Somehow | The ‘post-digital’ phenomenon, the craving for forthe 4 creasing ain 10280" a sme waar eves ne een ‘il sis mobile one hat itis D2 a in Be the realise er a use of eto" places eduction int eee p snover oe coe pe areinersing reluct cane fact that Pet a ane ecl nin 0 09 p acgeneral feelin technolo9Y. as in people Nowa 2 coring Turkle, cor ional form yf social ‘aceetormined t0 return 122 from genuine hurna” ructure. ee sy connected but etd interaction. 4 incapable of forming true friendshit ips except through social oe aul at communicating wth others via music than in words. 4 The witeruses the example of the ‘S00 it line 46 to show ‘A how far the technology of art progressed. fb thatelectronic companions are regarded 2s non-threatening. 2 haw robots can help those unable to find a romantic partner. D the negative impact of internet search engines on conversation. intelligence has 4. What point is made in the sixth paragraph about th nature of public discussion? " ag 'A. Speakers are expected to behave aggressively towards each other B Political parties are becoming increasingly extreme in their views CC The behaviour of pul he behaviour of public figures reflects lower standards in society, D Fewer people dare to contradict the opinions of oth other speakers 5. The writer mentions ‘the book’ in line 61 as live experience, is showing a remarkable vigour. ‘The US is a place of ever greater congregation and migration, to parks, beaches and restaurants, to concerts, rock festivals, ball games. Common | icerest groupe, singing up across the country. | desperately seek escape fromthe digtal dictatorship using Facebook and T ‘destinations but as route maps to meet up with real + Somewhere inthis cut he dao ends reen e eset or el listening and courtesy. Tho Saroe | Nt esaping rea A deep don they toned reserve the quali 1 quai aes of politeness ind personal avoidance are may be unaware oficbue nt someone to tak to, LP _ A anexamy ; aa el fomething else that people wrongly predicted 1 basis 2 woh " theory that people would soon stop talking : con roducing the works of famous writers from earli aan ba about the current state of polj : litical 6 What point d make in th graph? int does the writer it ph + make in the fin: aah al para A Wobed can escape the negative effects ofthe dia i B Some traditional human ni sie an values are eventually bound ¢g C Everybody n in contact whether they re; . re YPedy needs human contact whether they rea realise itor ital D Oni ly those wh¢ who remain polite and courteous will h ill have fyi, Tieng, Brann --. Digitalizada com CamScannerIdioms with keep 1. Read sentences 1-8, Match the idioms in italics with the meanings in the box. let someone know what's happening continue toknow try not to be noticed watch for someone to appear stop yourself smiling or laughing stay calm hope things will turn out well do what they said they would 1 James promised to help me but he didn't keep his word, 2. Everyone else was shouting but somehow Nicole managed to keep her cool 3. Keep an eye out for the waiter. If you see hhim, can you ask for the bill? 4 When people found out what Zoe had done, she kept a low profile for a while, 5 Isit ten already? 'm so busy I can't keep track of the time, 6 While I'm away you can keep me posted ‘on events by email 7 I couldn't keep a straight face when that boy claimed to be the world's best guitarist 8 Ill keep my fingers crossed that you pass your driving test. ‘Quick steps to Reading and Use of English Part 4 + Decide what part of speech the key word is, ‘and what can go with it. + Think about what the question tests and the changes you need to make. + Check you haven't left out or addé information. aa 2 Look at the example in the exam task. Answer these questions. 1. Inthe second sentence, how has ‘constantly’ changed? What part of speech follows it? 2. What change to ‘attempted’ is needed? Singular or plural? 3. Which idiom does ‘profile’ form? Is it positive or negative here? 3 Answer exam questions 1-6 using the clues in brackets (which don't appear in the exam). Examtask or question 1-6, complete the second sentence so that ithas a similar Taeolngt the fs sentence, using the word given Do not change the Yu must oe betwuen three and sik words, including the word Frets an example) Example: 0 Sambhas constantly attempted not to attract attention since the trial began. PROFILE ‘Sam has made constant . ATTEMPTS TO. KEEP_A LOW. PROFILE. since the trial began. 1. The recent appearance of so many friendship websites online has been surprising, ‘SPRUNG (phrasal verb + adverb) It's surprising that so many friendship websites... online. 2 Lisa threatened to resign if they did not increase her salary. UNLESS (reporting structure with that + verb form with unless) Lisa threatened that ea her salary, My internet connection was down so | wasn't able to follow events: they developed, TRACK (structure following prevent + idiom) My internet connection was down, which prevented events as they developed. Although Jake promised to continu 0 le to contact me, he never emailed me again, TOUCH (noun + idiom) Despite Jake's he never emailed me again. ‘Wette sorry we didn't keep our word, the company said FOR (reporting verb and structure with for + pronoun) The company word. Defending himself against such a powerful opponent was a brave thing to do. STAND (pronoun + three -part phrasal verb) Fewas brave of —~ such a powerful opponent. Remember that contractions such as I'd count as two words, except can't (which is short for cannot). (ERR) owrr 2 Reapmve anv use oF enouss Digitalizada com CamScannerking for opi '9 for opinions, suggesting, and (dis)agreeing [Complete the expressions wit eaere ee the expressions withthe words inthe box and then match along feel in long feel inclined just leave move point thoughts That’ 1 hav juhat ws thinking 10 bets tat one for How do you - 7 How do yo : about this one? sk onto the next one? tag0——_— with you there. at are your —_on this one? Ithink I'd be more to 2) asking for opinions b) making suggestions ©) agreeing with someone d) disagreeing politely Quick steps to Speaking Part 3 J. Listen carefully to the instructions. Study the task for 15 seconds. . Discuss each point fully before going on to the next one. |. Listen to what the examiner says after two minutes and prepare to) a decision. Look quickly atthe exam task instructions. What kind of things do you have to discuss? (SHER isten to students Leona and Mia practising this task. ‘Answer these questions. pend about the same amount of time on each ofthe five 1 Dothey s factors? 2. Dothey take turns and 3. Do they reach agreemer effect? speak to each other politely? ‘non which factor has the most positive 4. (RENE isten again and answer the questions. 1. How do thay begin the conversation? 2. Which expressions from Exercise 1 do they use? 3. Which other phrases do they use to ‘express a-d? 4 How do they end the conversation? 5 Work in pairs. Read the first question and discuss the five factors for two minutes. ‘Then read the second question and spend ‘one minute deciding which factor to choose. Here are some things that can help make people's lives happy and a question for you to discuss. First you have some time to look at the task. Now, talk to each other about hhow important these factors might be in making individuals happy with their lives. ight these factors be their How important ‘making individuals happy lives? Success in studies or at work Living a healthy lifestyle Perceiving beauty in nature and the arts Coping with life's problems as they arise Having good relationships with family and friends Now you have about a minute to decide which factor has the most positive effect on human happiness. 6 Compare your decision with other pairs, giving reasons for your choice of most important factor. ‘Adding to what your partner says, or politely disagreeing with them, will give you more to say than if you agree all the time! j SPEAKING unIT 3 EQ Digitalizada com CamScannerRegister 1 Read texts A, Band Cand answer the questions. 1 Which texts written in a formal style? Which is informal? Which is neutral, ie. Nether particulary formal nor informal? 2 Which ofthe following are used in each tex? )phrosal verbs b) longlless comme 2 amemation marks a) passive verb fms ¢) impersonal expressions {) conversational expressions gabbroviations h) very short sentences Seontracted forms j)formal linking expressions in words A ‘Sorry not to get back to you sooner. I've had alot on, what with the new job and staff like that. But we're in luck ~T've just found out I've got the whole of next week ff! Go tell you what: let's get together ‘Monday pm. Let me know asap if that’s OK with you. B am sorry it has taken me so long to reply to ‘you, but I have been very busy because of my ‘new job, among other things. Luckily, though, It seems I don't have 10 work next week, so perhaps te could we meet up after lunch on Monday? Please let me know as soon as you can if that would suit you. ——— c would like to express my apologies for the delay in replying to you. I have been extremely occupied on account of my new position, in addition to other matters. Fortunately, however, it has been announced that the office will be closed next week, which therefore means that I would able to meet you on Monday afternoon. 1 would be grateful if you could inform me as soon as possible whether that is convenient for you. =a UNIT 3 WRITING these grammatically co ndidates with more neutral or inf , it you see each of the formal expressigg| the fund-raising. i the seaside. I missed you for the tasks yOu have to execute. 7 swaken early, in time for breakfast. be able to see me. ‘dinner while watching TV. 2 © Replace the formal expressions” sentences written by exam words or phrases. Where might sons in charge of was one of the per a eee a come with us to 2. Iregret you couldn't 3. They'll give you taining 4 Inmy opinion it’s better to 2 3 ilbe waiting at the station, thus Yor i & Nowadays, most families consume their reac Ws! 3 Lookat the exam task and answer these quest ter extract formal, neutral or informal in style? Give 1 Isthe lett examples. 2. Which sentence in the extr a) ask for advice? b) describe events? act requires you to: <) report a conversation? d) give reasons? You are having problems with one of your flatmates and recenth latmates and recently you mentioned it to your English-speaking penfriend. Here is part of ale your penfriend sent you. ° aaa So what exactly has your flatmate been d So what exc r te been doing — or not doing? Have you tad speaking to thom? Why do you thnk theyre behaving ie atte goto of xp lat sharing, so is there anything | could give Write your letter in 220-260 words. does the writer do each of the following? a) ask the reader for advice i 4 Quickly read the model letter on page 31. In which part of the letter i | b) give a reason for not f) describe ee the main events ©) report what was said 9) thank the reader for their lette ) apologise fornot replying fh). answer the reader's question quickly why" Digitalizada com CamScannerline or not? 6 Read the | model letter again. Answer tl What examples are there of a) in for 2 age? Bynevtal language? Sn reported speech forms does the writer use? 14. Find phrases in Lee's em: bas well as all the ited as a friend hese ail that mean: pomecce fox e short ime “sie noch diference g)n0t ear Aste. ‘reanks for your message ts rest to hear ‘won you. And sorry na to get back to you wntil ‘ow, bat Pee Deen having a quiet weekend: out in oe countryside! ‘etortunataly, We not been go relaxing at home, as from #. Ever elnoe he moved in, cur new ‘state Chatile has refused to tidy up, left both ‘te kxehen and the bathroom in a terrible state, 2d cap It all- has been keeping me awake ‘ext al hours with some of the worst music I've ever beard, Se the other week Jamie (my other flatmate) and bac a word wih him. Charle admitted he'd one elimoet no housework, said he was sorry es explained he hadn't actually fat-shared ‘tore. He promised he'd make mare of an effort ate, thzogh as yet our cat seems to have had tle effect. bo "erent ow He de a want to alk aot, bt T woul be signet be marog ifm {SC en tay pater ht Is oar vation tt hy et deen } 6 on realy well, and threes rarely the oat feat Peat. Seat . Ary ete os Shere migte be something else that’ ~ Whe aud etm mecea ae bm Serta atte i a tw 2090 uP we get i tt Hope to hear from you soon, Beet wishes in and end? How else Quick steps to writing a Part 2 letter + Carefully read the task and any text you are given. * Decide who you are 9} to, why, and whether to use a formal, neutral or ‘= Note down points to include and put them under headings. * Write your letter using a suitable paragraph layout, with the oper and closing on separate lines. 7 You are going to write your own letter. Look at this exam task and answer the questions. 4 Will your friend be with you? How does that affect the content? 2. Should you write in a formal, neutral or an informal style? 3. What points must you include? This is part ofa letter you have received from an English-speaking friend. next summer in your country, though sadly atin your town. Ir sure I'l enjoy my visit even though I don’t speak the language very well -and I'm abit shy, too. But really want to make new friends, s0 please tell me: what are the best ways to meet people there, and why? Write your letter in 220-260 words. Guess what! 'm spending 8 Get ideas for your letter by using these prompts. 1. How old is your penfriend? Where will they be staying? 2. How could they be more confident speaking your language? 3. Why shouldn't they feel shy in your country? 4 Which of these would be good ways for them to meet people? doing lessons at a language school taking part in cultural or sports activities exchanging language conversation checking out websites for making friends 90ing to places where people of the same age hang out 5 Foreach ofthe points you chose in 4 note down atleast one reason 9 Plan your letter Your letter. You may want to organise your text like this: Friendly greeting Paragraph 'é People 1 with reasons ; of meeting people 2 with reasons Friendly close 10 Write your ite your letter, Whe; Unit 2, Wri you have fini; haere Bon page he hour wor aa . in Digitalizada com CamScanner