P.
Kecemerlangan Kimia
(SEM I SESI 20/21)
CHAPTER 1: MATTER
1.1: Atoms and Molecules
1. Given the isotope notation of fluoride ion is 199𝐹 −. Based on the fluoride ion:
i. Define proton number and nucleon number.
ii. Determine the number of subatomic particles.
2. Determine the number of subatomic particles in germanium ion, 7232Ge2+.
3. Mercury ion with oxidation no. +2, has 80 protons and 121 neutrons. Write the isotopic notation
for mercury(ii) ion.
4. An ion Y3+ has 18 electrons and 24 neutrons.
i. Determine the proton number and nucleon number of the element Y.
ii. Write the isotopic notation to represent the element.
5. Copper is a ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. It consists of two
isotopes of masses 63.0amu and 65.0amu in the atomic ratio 3:1. Calculate average atomic mass
of copper.
6. Figure below shows the mass spectrum of element A.
% abundance
37.5
abun
mass/charge
70 72 74
Find the ab ab
percentage abundance of the most abundant isotope, x if the average atomic mass of
element A is 71.00amu.
7. Mass spectrum of metal D shown as below:
Relative Intensity
69
31
54 57 Mass / charge (amu)
i. Calculate the relative atomic mass of metal D.
ii. Based on the RAM in periodic table, predict metal D.
Prepared by: Yuniza Mohamed, Tengku Zuniza Tengku Yahya Shah Verified by: Norazimah Harun
Revised by: FY, CJT, SR, SBAH, NSCMY, NHK, Chemistry Unit, KMPh 2020
P. Kecemerlangan Kimia
(SEM I SESI 20/21)
8. A mixture of isotope of Ne analysed in a mass spectrometer.
Relative Abundance
90.9
8.9
0.2
20 21 22
i. List the isotope of Ne in the mixture.
ii. Calculate the relative atomic mass of Ne.
21
Based on the isotope notation 10𝑁𝑒 ,
complete the following table:
Number of electron
Number of proton
Number of neutron
9. The relative atomic mass of copper is 63.6. How many times is an atom of copper heavier than
one atom of carbon-12.
10. Bromine consists of two isotopes 79Br and 81Br. What is the percentage composition of the 79
Br isotope in the mixture. (The relative atomic mass of bromine 79.9)
1.2: Mole Concept
1. 0.44g hydrocarbon compound was burnt in excess oxygen. 1.21g of carbon dioxide and 0.99g
of water are formed. What is the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon.
2. Compound A consists of element C, H and O. The complete combustion of 4.624g of the
compound A yielded 6.557g of CO2 and 4.026g of H2O. Determine the empirical formula of
compound A.
3. What is the empirical formula of a compound if it contains 9.1g sodium, 20.6g chromium and
22.2g of oxygen?
4. An aqueous ammonia solution with a density of 0.898g/mL contains 28% ammonia by mass.
Calculate the molarity of the solution.
5. A solution containing 38% by mass CaCl2 has a density of 1.18g/mL. Calculate the final molarity
of the solution if 20mL of the solution is diluted using 100mL of water.
6. Given the density of 2.50M aqueous solution of methanol (CH3OH) is 0.954gcm-3. Calculate the
molality of the solution.
7. If an aqueous solution of urea, N2H4CO is 26% w/w and has a density of 1.07gmL-1. Calculate the
molarity and molality of urea solution.
Prepared by: Yuniza Mohamed, Tengku Zuniza Tengku Yahya Shah Verified by: Norazimah Harun
Revised by: FY, CJT, SR, SBAH, NSCMY, NHK, Chemistry Unit, KMPh 2020
P. Kecemerlangan Kimia
(SEM I SESI 20/21)
8. What is the mass of water must be used to prepare a solution of 25.5g CaCl 2 dissolve in water if
the mole fraction of CaCl2 in the solution is 0.105.
9. The dead sea contains approximately 332g of sodium chloride salt per kg of sea water. What is
the mole fraction of sodium chloride in 1.5kg of sea water.
10. Calculate the mass of sodium hydroxide that need to be added to 6.02 x 10 23 water molecules
to produce a solution with a molality of 1.4m and the percent by mass of sodium hydroxide.
1.3: Stoichiometry
1. The following equation refers to the production of aluminium metal from bauxite ore by
electrolysis.
2Al2O3(s) + 3C(s) 4Al(s) + 3CO2(g)
Bauxite ore contains 55% aluminium oxide (Al2O3) by weight. How many grams of the bauxite ore
are required to produce 20.0g of aluminium (Al) metal?
2. At room temperature, 25g of glucose, C6H12O6 undergoes combustion with 5L of oxygen gas to
form carbon dioxide and water. The reaction equation given below:
C6H12O6(g) + 6O2(g) 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(g)
i. Determine the limiting reactant.
ii. Calculate the mass of water vapor produced after the reaction is completed.
3. In experiment, 1.46g of magnesium is added into 160.00mL of 0.50 molL -1 hydrochloric acid. The
reaction involved is:
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
i. Determine the limiting reactant for the above reaction.
ii. Calculate the percentage yield if 672.00mL of hydrogen gas obtained at STP.
4. The following reaction occurs in the Thermit process:
2Al(s) + Fe2O3(s) Al2O3(s) + 2Fe(s)
If the percentage yield of iron, Fe is 68.5%, what is the mass of Fe 2O3 required to produce 120g of
iron.
5. An aqueous solution of Mg(OH)2 is added to an aqueous solution of HCl to form solid MgCl2 and
H2O. If 40.5g of Mg(OH)2 and 35.0g of HCl are used:
i. Calculate the mass of MgCl2 produced after the reaction has completed.
ii. If the percentage yield of MgCl2 is 85%, calculate the actual mass of MgCl2 obtained.
Prepared by: Yuniza Mohamed, Tengku Zuniza Tengku Yahya Shah Verified by: Norazimah Harun
Revised by: FY, CJT, SR, SBAH, NSCMY, NHK, Chemistry Unit, KMPh 2020
P. Kecemerlangan Kimia
(SEM I SESI 20/21)
6. When 1.38g of magnesium is added to 25mL 2.0M hydrochloric acid, hydrogen gas is released
according to the equation below:
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(s) + H2(g)
i. Determine the limiting reactant.
ii. What is the percentage yield if 0.01g of hydrogen gas is obtained from the experiment?
7. Balance the following redox reaction:
MnO4-(aq)+ H2O2(g)+ H+(aq) Mn2+(aq) + O2(g) + H2O(l)
8. For the following redox equation (not balanced), choose a pair of species that undergoes
reduction. Explain.
Br-(aq) + MnO4-(aq) BrO3-(aq) + MnO2(s)
9. Balance the following redox reaction in acidic medium.
ClO-(aq) + S2O32-(aq) Cl-(aq) + SO42- (aq)
10. Balance the following redox equation :
NO3- + CuS + H+ S + H2O + NO + Cu2+
"Good things come to people who wait, but better things come to those who go out and get them"
Prepared by: Yuniza Mohamed, Tengku Zuniza Tengku Yahya Shah Verified by: Norazimah Harun
Revised by: FY, CJT, SR, SBAH, NSCMY, NHK, Chemistry Unit, KMPh 2020
