DEUS PHILIP J.
DURAN
BSCE 3-1
201814619
1. FUNCTIONS OF AN ENGINEER.
ENGINEERS ARE PROFESSIONALS WHO INVENT, DESIGN, ANALYZE, BUILD
AND TEST MACHINES, COMPLEX SYSTEMS, STRUCTURES, GADGETS AND
MATERIALS TO FULFILL FUNCTIONAL OBJECTIVES AND REQUIREMENTS WHILE
CONSIDERING THE LIMITATIONS IMPOSED BY PRACTICALITY, REGULATION,
SAFETY AND COST.
2. ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT.
ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT IS THE APPLICATION OF THE PRACTICE OF
MANAGEMENT TO THE PRACTICE OF ENGINEERING. ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT
IS A CAREER THAT BRINGS TOGETHER THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROBLEM-SOLVING
ABILITY OF ENGINEERING AND THE ORGANIZATIONAL, ADMINISTRATIVE, AND
PLANNING ABILITIES OF MANAGEMENT IN ORDER TO OVERSEE THE OPERATIONAL
PERFORMANCE OF COMPLEX ENGINEERING DRIVEN ENTERPRISES.
3. MANAGEMENT.
MANAGEMENT IS A PROCESS OF PLANNING, DECISION MAKING,
ORGANIZING, LEADING, MOTIVATION AND CONTROLLING THE HUMAN
RESOURCES, FINANCIAL, PHYSICAL, AND INFORMATION RESOURCES OF AN
ORGANIZATION TO REACH ITS GOALS EFFICIENTLY AND EFFECTIVELY.
4. MANAGEMENT PROCESS.
THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS CONSISTS OF FOUR PRIMARY FUNCTIONS
THAT MANAGERS MUST PERFORM: PLANNING, ORGANIZING, LEADING, AND
CONTROLLING.
1. PLANNING
PLANNING MEANS DEFINING PERFORMANCE GOALS FOR THE
ORGANIZATION AND DETERMINING WHAT ACTIONS AND RESOURCES
ARE NEEDED TO ACHIEVE THE GOALS. THROUGH PLANNING,
MANAGEMENT DEFINES WHAT THE FUTURE OF THE ORGANIZATION
SHOULD BE AND HOW TO GET THERE.
2. ORGANIZING
ONCE PLANS ARE MADE, DECISIONS MUST BE MADE ABOUT HOW TO
BEST IMPLEMENT THE PLANS. THE ORGANIZING FUNCTION INVOLVES
DECIDING HOW THE ORGANIZATION WILL BE STRUCTURED
3. LEADING
NEARLY EVERYTHING THAT IS ACCOMPLISHED IN AN ORGANIZATION
IS DONE BY PEOPLE. THE BEST PLANNING AND ORGANIZING WILL
NOT BE EFFECTIVE IF THE PEOPLE IN THE ORGANIZATION ARE NOT
WILLING TO SUPPORT THE PLAN.
4. CONTROLLING
THERE IS A WELL-KNOWN MILITARY SAYING THAT SAYS NO BATTLE
PLAN SURVIVES CONTACT WITH THE ENEMY. THIS IMPLIES THAT
PLANNING IS NECESSARY FOR MAKING PREPARATIONS, BUT WHEN
IT’S TIME TO IMPLEMENT THE PLAN, EVERYTHING WILL NOT GO AS
PLANNED.
5. DECISION MAKING.
A DECISION-MAKING PROCESS IS A SERIES OF STEPS TAKEN BY AN
INDIVIDUAL TO DETERMINE THE BEST OPTION OR COURSE OF ACTION TO MEET
THEIR NEEDS. IT IS THE PROCESS OF MAKING CHOICES BY IDENTIFYING A
DECISION, GATHERING INFORMATION, AND ASSESSING ALTERNATIVE
RESOLUTIONS. USING A STEP-BY-STEP DECISION-MAKING PROCESS CAN HELP
YOU MAKE MORE DELIBERATE, THOUGHTFUL DECISIONS BY ORGANIZING
RELEVANT INFORMATION AND DEFINING ALTERNATIVES.
6. DECISION MAKING PROCESS.
STEP 1: IDENTIFY THE DECISION
YOU REALIZE THAT YOU NEED TO MAKE A DECISION. TRY TO
CLEARLY DEFINE THE NATURE OF THE DECISION YOU MUST MAKE.
THIS FIRST STEP IS VERY IMPORTANT.
STEP 2: GATHER RELEVANT INFORMATION
COLLECT SOME PERTINENT INFORMATION BEFORE YOU MAKE YOUR
DECISION: WHAT INFORMATION IS NEEDED, THE BEST SOURCES OF
INFORMATION, AND HOW TO GET IT. THIS STEP INVOLVES BOTH
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL “WORK.” SOME INFORMATION IS INTERNAL:
YOU’LL SEEK IT THROUGH A PROCESS OF SELF-ASSESSMENT.
OTHER INFORMATION IS EXTERNAL: YOU’LL FIND IT ONLINE, IN
BOOKS, FROM OTHER PEOPLE, AND FROM OTHER SOURCES.
STEP 3: IDENTIFY THE ALTERNATIVES
AS YOU COLLECT INFORMATION, YOU WILL PROBABLY IDENTIFY
SEVERAL POSSIBLE PATHS OF ACTION, OR ALTERNATIVES. YOU CAN
ALSO USE YOUR IMAGINATION AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO
CONSTRUCT NEW ALTERNATIVES. IN THIS STEP, YOU WILL LIST ALL
POSSIBLE AND DESIRABLE ALTERNATIVES.
STEP 4: WEIGH THE EVIDENCE
DRAW ON YOUR INFORMATION AND EMOTIONS TO IMAGINE WHAT IT
WOULD BE LIKE IF YOU CARRIED OUT EACH OF THE ALTERNATIVES
TO THE END. EVALUATE WHETHER THE NEED IDENTIFIED IN STEP 1
WOULD BE MET OR RESOLVED THROUGH THE USE OF EACH
ALTERNATIVE. AS YOU GO THROUGH THIS DIFFICULT INTERNAL
PROCESS, YOU’LL BEGIN TO FAVOR CERTAIN ALTERNATIVES: THOSE
THAT SEEM TO HAVE A HIGHER POTENTIAL FOR REACHING YOUR
GOAL. FINALLY, PLACE THE ALTERNATIVES IN A PRIORITY ORDER,
BASED UPON YOUR OWN VALUE SYSTEM.
STEP 5: CHOOSE AMONG ALTERNATIVES
ONCE YOU HAVE WEIGHED ALL THE EVIDENCE, YOU ARE READY TO
SELECT THE ALTERNATIVE THAT SEEMS TO BE BEST ONE FOR YOU.
YOU MAY EVEN CHOOSE A COMBINATION OF ALTERNATIVES. YOUR
CHOICE IN STEP 5 MAY VERY LIKELY BE THE SAME OR SIMILAR TO
THE ALTERNATIVE YOU PLACED AT THE TOP OF YOUR LIST AT THE
END OF STEP 4.
STEP 6: TAKE ACTION
YOU’RE NOW READY TO TAKE SOME POSITIVE ACTION BY BEGINNING
TO IMPLEMENT THE ALTERNATIVE YOU CHOSE IN STEP 5.
STEP 7: REVIEW YOUR DECISION & ITS CONSEQUENCES
IN THIS FINAL STEP, CONSIDER THE RESULTS OF YOUR DECISION
AND EVALUATE WHETHER OR NOT IT HAS RESOLVED THE NEED YOU
IDENTIFIED IN STEP 1. IF THE DECISION HAS NOT MET THE
IDENTIFIED NEED, YOU MAY WANT TO REPEAT CERTAIN STEPS OF
THE PROCESS TO MAKE A NEW DECISION. FOR EXAMPLE, YOU
MIGHT WANT TO GATHER MORE DETAILED OR SOMEWHAT
DIFFERENT INFORMATION OR EXPLORE ADDITIONAL ALTERNATIVES.
