Socio-Economic Development of Barangay Sta.

Maria Zamboanga City from

2015-2019

An undergraduate thesis proposal submitted to Faculty of the Political Science Department

College of Liberal Arts

Western Mindanao State University

In partial fulfilment of requirements in POLSCI 150B

Presented by:

Sabayton, Anna Marie P.

Abdulgani, Jimwell Ken M.

2019
Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Santa Maria is a barangay in Zamboanga City. Its population as determined by the 2015 Census

was 25,185. This represented 2.92% of the total population of Zamboanga City.According to

the 2015 Census, the age group with the highest population in Santa Maria is 20 to 24, with

2,660 individuals. Conversely, the age group with the lowest population is 80 and over, with

251 individuals. The population of Santa Maria grew from 16,168 in 1990 to 25,185 in 2015, an

increase of 9,017 people. The latest census figures in 2015 denote a positive growth rate of

2.67%, or an increase of 3,259 people, from the previous population of 21,926 in 2010.

Sta. Maria is a major hub of a barangay. The city government designated a Police district for Sta.

Maria that controls other barangays such as Pasonanca, Tumaga, Lunzuran, & San Roque. The

police department is located at Gov. Ramos Rd. As far as the school system is concerned, there

are ten other Barangays in the school district of Sta. Maria. Sta. Maria also has its own fire

department and it's now housed in a brand new building which is shared by the Police

department.

Sta. Maria is located at the northern portion of Zamboanga City. The land area is 388.8702

hectares. The means of transportation are jeepneys, tricycle, pedicabs and taxis. The roads are

concreted and are linked to the neighbouring barangays like Pasonanca to the north, Tumaga in

the east, San Roque in the west and Canelar in the south going to the city proper. They have two

bridges, one at the Gov. Ramos Avenue and one at Gov. Camins Avenue. The infrastructures

available are the Elementary School buildings, one big church, two chapels, a health center.
Schools like Marian Formation Center, Escuela de La Infancia, Mercedarian Catholic School,

Montessori de Zamboanga, Bethany Child Development Center, Zamboanga Educational Park,

Day Care Center, two big funeral parlors, Flea Markets, Public Market (Bagsakan), Department

store and convenience center like LB Marketing, HAPI Convenience Center, Pharmacies,

Material Recovery Facilities, Hotels and Pension House, Restaurants and Carinderias, Sports

Facilities and many other commercial buildings and permanent residential houses and still many

more houses and buildings are to be constructed to accommodate the growing population and to

further develop the communities in the barangay.

Its population as determined by the 2015 Census was 25,185. This represented 2.92% of the

total population of Zamboanga Cityand the total household is 19, 688. There is slightly more

females than males in the population. Population is increased by 3% annually due to migration

and whenever there is breakdown of peace and order in nearby towns and provinces, people

come to the city and in their barangay because of the proximity to the city and market for food

and it, being the barangay near Pasonanca where the source of water comes from abundantly.

The population or demographic situation greatly affects the socio-economic, cultural, and

environmental factors of an area. These factors are not to be taken for granted, but to be studied

and taken into consideration for the present development. All of these factors will help indicate

and identify the root causes for the development of the various challenges and concerns which

will bring great change and further development and progress in the future.

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to determine the socioeconomic status of Barangay Sta. Maria as of 2019.

Specifically, the study sought to answer the following research problems to wit:

3
1. What are the factors that greatly affect the local economy of the people in Barangay Sta.

Maria?

2. What are the benefits of economic development to the people living in barangay Sta.

Maria?

Significance of the Study

The findings of this study will benefit the society, especially those who live in Barangay Sta.

Maria considering that socioeconomic is very important because it examines social and

economic factors and the residents of Sta. Maria are included here.

This study is significant to the following:

Students. The result of this study will provide the students with research material that they can

use to conduct studies of the same concern and substantially add to their previous understanding

on the socio-economic development in barangay Sta. Maria.

Sta. Maria Residents. The study will also help the residents of barangay Sta. Maria to know the

socioeconomic status of their barangay and also the benefits of the developments in their

everyday life.

Government. The study will also help the Government in its preparation to deal with the issues

and demands of population growth, aging and migration. The statistics and predictions resulting

from demographic studies can, for example, aid in the development of adequate school systems,

estimate the required funding for senior services and develop workable healthcare systems. A

wide variety of social outcomes are impacted by demographic processes and distributions.

Scope and Delimitation

have enough knowledge particularly in socioeconomic development of barangay Sta. Maria.

Hence, the researchers have their specific respondents for this study. There are certain

delimitations the respondents should have knowledge about the socioeconomic development of

barangay Sta. Maria, for whom the researchers believe that these qualities are capable enough to

understand the effects of the socioeconomic development in their barangay. The parameter of

this study is limited at Barangay Sta. Maria, Zamboanga City. Moreover, this study focuses on

the benefits and advantages of the economic development to the residents of this barangay. The

gathering of data will encompass the month of December. The research design will be

descriptive-qualitative. There will only be twenty (20) respondents out of the total population

which delimits the study to only a few respondents to gather the data from.

Operational Definition of Terms

The terms are hereby defined operationally as used in the study.

Socio-Economic Development – refers to the impact of the economic growth by means of

livelihood of the people in Barangay Sta. Maria Zamboanga City. This will be evaluated

through the responses of the respondents in the research instrument.

Effects – refers to the impact of the development on the social, economic and culture of the

people in the area of the study. In this particular study, this will be evaluated through the

responses of the respondents. The extent of the effects is studied in three areas namely social,

economic and culture.

5
Residents – refers to the people living in barangay Sta. Maria Zamboanga City.

Benefits – refers to the advantages or help of the socioeconomic development in the said

barangay

Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF THE

STUDY

Related Literature and Studies

There is wealth of literature regarding socio-demographic available in the internet especially

among government agencies who implements Census in order for them to know the growth of

population and households in their barangay or city.

Related Studies
Demography

Demography is the study of human populations – their size, composition and distribution across

space – and the process through which populations change. Births, deaths and migration are the

'big three' of demography, jointly producing population stability or change.

A population’s composition may be described in terms of basic demographic features – age, sex,

family and household status – and by features of the population’s social and economic context –

language, education, occupation, ethnicity, religion, income and wealth. The distribution of

populations can be defined at multiple levels (local, regional, national, global) and with

different types of boundaries (political, economic, geographic). Demography is a central

component of societal contexts and social change.

Demography is very useful for understanding social and economic problems and identifying

potential solutions.

History of Barangay Sta. Maria

Sta. Maria was among the first Spanish settlements. It was founded on February 02, 1857.

In the beginning, the street of Sta. Maria has no name. Even the people living there could not

give a name to their place and no one bothered to give one, so as to identify the place.

One day a quack doctor visited their place and was attracted by a beautiful medicinal

plant, which grew around the place. It had cute yellow flowers and people called it “Yerba Sta.

Maria”. He knew that the herbs were medicinal and wanted to gather some, but due to the

limited time, he just inquired from the rig-driver as to the name of the street, which they were

passing by. The driver could not answer, knowing the place has no name.

7
 Upon his return to gather some herbs/yerba, the quack doctor told the driver and the

neighbourhood, “Why don’t you just call this place/street “Sta. Maria”, to name after the herbs

that grow just along the sides of the street.” They thought and pondered over this and the quack

doctor suggested that the place be called “Sta. Maria”, and everybody approved.

As the barrio of Sta. Maria expanded, so did its population. After the Second World War,

Sta. Maria became so progressive that more business establishments were opened and many

more large and small enterpises had progressed.

Conceptual Framework

EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC
GROWTH IN BARANGAY
STA. MARIA

SOCIOECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT

BENEFITS ON BARANGAY
COMMUNITY

Figure 1. Conceptual Paradigm of the Study

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study is descriptive in nature using qualitative methodology to determine the impact of the

Demographic Data to the community of barangay Sta. Maria. This study involves description,

analysis and interpretation of the data that will be gathered. The researchers will utilize a semi-

structured interview schedule to obtain the needed data for interpretation and analysis.

Primary data will be gathered from the responses of the respondents on the given self–designed

questionnaires. A primary source pertains to responses of the respondents based on the given

statements and or questions posed by the researchers. Secondary data will be gathered from the

various literatures available in the library and internet sources. Secondary refers to the written

documents from the books, article and internet sources.

Research Locale

This study will be conducted in Zamboanga City where majority of the respondents can be

predominantly seen. Sta. Maria is a major hub barangay in Zamboanga City.

9
Sta. Maria is located at the northern portion of Zamboanga City. The means of transportation is

via jeepneys, tricycle, pedicabs and taxis. The roads are concreted and are linked to the

neighbouring barangays like Pasonanca to the north, Tumaga on the east, San Roque in the west

and Canelar in the south going to the city proper.

Santa Maria is situated at approximately 6.9378, 122.0663, in the island of Mindanao. Elevation

at these coordinates is estimated at 17.7 meters or 58.1 feet above mean sea level.

Figure 2. Street Map of Sta. Maria

Respondents

The respondents for this particular study will be the business owners and some of the residents of

barangay Sta. Maria particularly those who have knowledge about the socioeconomic

development of the said barangay.

A total of 15 respondents will be the respondents for this particular study.

Instruments
The instrument that will be used for this particular research will be a self – designed interview

questionnaire composed of two parts: 1) Socio – Demographic profile of the respondents and 2)

Interview proper.

The first part will identify the basic demographic information about the respondents. The second

part will be guide questions or questionnaire proper.

There will be ten (10) questions in the questionnaire which be translated in Chavacano – that

is to highlight the largest speaking dialect in Zamboanga.

The researchers sought the help of research experts to scrutinize and validate the content of the

questionnaires to ensure the reliability and validity of the questions in the procurement of the

needed data for analysis.

Data Gathering Procedure

After the content validation of the instrument, the researchers will communicate with the

respondents through sending of letter asking for appointment for the data gathering. The

communication letter will include information about the objectives of the study and the purpose

of selecting the respondents. After the request will be granted, the researchers will proceed to

the respective offices of the respondents for interview.

Data gathering will be conducted in a month given the difficulty of the researchers to make such

appointment to the heads of office and the committee heads of the different committees for local

governance.

The researchers will tabulate the data gathered. The data gathered will be properly documented,

collated and will be subjected to proper statistical analysis.

11
Sampling Technique

Purposive sampling will be used for this particular research because of the defined criteria in the

selection of the respondents. Purposive sampling technique will be used to ensure that the target

respondents will be achieved depending on the availability of the heads of office and committee

heads.

Statistical Treatment

Data regarding the perceptions of the respondents on the effects of socioeconomic development

in Barangay Sta. Maria Zamboanga City will be described using frequency and percentages.

In order to determine whether there is significant differences or similarities in the perceptions of

the respondents, Chi – Square will be used using 0.05 level of Significance. A summary of

statistical tools is presented.

Table 1. Summary of tools to be used

Questions Statistical Tools

of the people in Barangay Sta. Maria? Percentages

Ethical Considerations
The proposal to do this research was submitted to the research ethics committee of the College of

Liberal Arts of WMSU for scrutiny and approval. This way, it will uphold the ethical standards

encouraged by the University. It was approved.

The consents of the respondents were sought. They were not forced, in any way, to participate.

The data that the respondents provided will be kept confidential, and will be used for academic

purposes only.

Also, the researchers made it a point to be truthful in reporting the results of the said study.

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION FINDINGS, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

13
This chapter presents the data gathered by the researchers on the study entitled, Socio-Economic

Development of Barangay Sta. Maria Zamboanga City. The study is descriptive utilizing

qualitative research design to determine the socioeconomic status of Barangay Sta. Maria

Zamboanga City as of 2019.

Specifically, the study sought to answer the following research problems to wit:

1. What are the factors that greatly affect the local economy of the people in Barangay Sta.

Maria?

2. What are the advantages of the development in barangay Sta. Maria?

Since the study involves description, analysis and interpretation of the data gathered, a self-

designed survey-checklist was used to obtain the needed data for interpretation and analysis.

A. Factor A

Poverty
 Poverty correlates to lack of education. It only has limited access to education. Some

families can’t afford to send their children to school because of poverty. Some have to quit

school in order to earn money to feed their family

B. Factor B

Lack of Education

Education becomes a factor of socioeconomic development because without the foundation

of education, employment possibility is small. The effects of low literacy include limited

opportunities for employment, higher chances of poor health, and dependence on welfare or

charity. Your level of education helps to dictate your employment.

C. Factor C

Unemployment

The impact of unemployment on families include financial problems, poverty and poorer

health. When unemployment rates are high and steady, there are negative impacts on the long-

run economic growth. . As the economy grows, so do opportunities for employment and income

growth. Your employment level dictate your income. When you have low type of work, your

income is also low.

Advantages of Socioeconomic Development in Barangay Sta. Maria

 Improve Living Standards

15
 Standard of living refers to the material basis of well-being, which is reflected in a

person’s consumption level. Because of this, academics and policy analysts often use real

income as a proxy to measure living standard. But this focuses on cash-income alone and

leaves out the possible effects of non-cash income on the well-being of individuals. Non-

cash incomes such as use of stock of consumer durables, goods and services received as

gifts, assistance, health, recreation, etc. affect the people’s standard of living. Thus,

standard of living of an individual or group of individuals is determined by their access to

resources, which comprise of both cash and non-cash income.

Standard of living, in turn, is one of the important determinants of well-being or

happiness. Obviously, improvement of living standard constitutes the most important

objective of plans and programs of both developed and developing countries. Given this

important role in actualizing the overall well-being of their citizens, it has been (and

continues to be) a subject widely studied by various disciplines and agencies-

governmental, non-governmental, multilateral, academic, etc.

 Reduction in Poverty

Economic growth is the most powerful instrument for reducing poverty and improving

the quality of life in developing countries. ... Thus, both the pace and pattern of growth

matter for reducing poverty. A successful strategy of poverty reduction must have at its

core measures to promote rapid and sustained economic growth.

When there's economic progress, more number of people get employed and get good jobs

too. They are able to earn higher in terms of their income too. Thus, they get a good
 salary and can serve the country in a better way. Since more number of people get

employed, there is an evident decrease in the poverty level.

 Better Education

Education in every sense is one of the fundamental factors of development. No country

can achieve sustainable economic development without substantial investment in human

capital. Education enriches people's understanding of themselves and world. It improves

the quality of their lives and leads to broad social benefits to individuals and society.

Education raises people's productivity and creativity and promotes entrepreneurship and

technological advances. In addition it plays a very crucial role in securing economic and

social progress and improving income distribution.

 Higher Incomes

Growth can lead to higher living standards because if GDP rises, there is more money in

the domestic economy. This means that business can make more profits, and therefore

can pay employees higher wages, or even hire more employees. This means that GDP per

capita/ household rises. Therefore the disposable income of workers rises. This means

that they can purchase more goods and services with their income, leading to a rise in

living standards

Ten (10) business owners and five (5) residents of barangay Sta. Maria were selected to

participate in the data gathering. A total of fifteen (15) respondents participated in this particular

study.

17
Frequency and Percentage were used to describe the effects of socioeconomic development and

the benefits of the development in Barangay Sta. Maria.

Profile of the Barangay Sta. Maria Respondents

Table 2.

F %
45 years old and above 8 53.3333%
38 to 44 years old 4 26.6666%
28 to 37 years old 3 20%
Age of the Respondents

Total 15 100%

Interpretation
 Fifty-three percent (or 8) of the respondents belong to the age bracket of 45 years old and

above; 26 % (or 4) of them to 38-44 years old; and the other 20% (or 3) of them to 28-37 years

old.

Analysis

It appears that majority of the respondents of Barangay Sta. Maria who have more knowledge

about the socioeconomic development are middle-aged (technically those whose ages range

from 45 to 65 years old).

Table 3.

Gender of the Respondents

f %
Male 6 40 %

Female 9 60 %

Total 15 100 %

Interpretation

19
Fortypercent (or 6) respondents are male; and 53% (or 8) of them are female.

Analysis

It appears that a great number (that is, more than half) of the respondents who have

knowledge about the Socioeconomic Development of Barangay Sta. Maria are females. As the

data needed concerned the developments or history of the said barangay, most of the chosen

respondents interviewed were women.

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary of Findings

Profile of the Respondents

1. Fifty-three percent of the respondents belong to the age bracket of 45 years old and

above; 26 % to 38-44 years old; and 20% to 28-37 years old.

2. Forty percent are male; and 60% are female.

The study is descriptive in nature employing quantitative methodology aimed to determine the

Socioeconomic Development of Barangay Sta. Maria Zamboanga City. Also, the study would
like to determine the preventive measures which will be employable as perceived by the

selected respondents.

The study sought to answer the following research problems to wit:

1. What are the factors that greatly affect the socioeconomic development in Barangay Sta.

Maria?

2. What are the advantages of the development in barangay Sta. Maria?

Ten (10) Business Owners and five (5) persons from the community were selected to

participate in the data gathering. A total of Fifteen (15) respondents participated in this

particular study.

As per the outcome of the interview conducted with the above-mentioned Business Owners, the

results yielded that the factors that greatly affect the socioeconomic development in Sta. Maria

is brought about by:

1) The introduction of modern technology – this is largely visible in the increase

number of internet cafes in the barangay that cater to the educational as well as

recreational needs of its constituents;

2) Infrastructure – the increased number of government offices, facilities and

structure such as the Health Center, Police Station, Fire Station, schools and

parks, add to the socioeconomic growth of the barangay in terms of the services

that are made conveniently available to the residents;

21
 3) Public market and Convenience Stores – residents have easy access to one of

the basic needs of society close to them. They need not go far for the purchase

of food items since these are available within their barangay;

4) Ecology preservation – the barangay has its garbage disposal system for the

improvement of the barangay’s sanitation as well as pro-environment projects

such as beautification programs to enhance the location’s physical appearance.

5) The existence of basic utilities – the barangay has access to facilities and

utilities that are needed daily such as water, electricity, and internet.

As per the result of the interview conducted with the fifteen (15) residents with regards to the

advantages of the development of Barangay Sta. Maria, the results were:

1. The presence of internet cafes has greatly reduced the problems of students who have

no access to a computer at home. Researches and projects are facilitated by these

cafes;

2. There is an increased number in the employment rate of the barangay since some

residents were hired by the convenience stores found within the barangay;

3. Decrease in poverty is also noted made possible by the jobs offered by the local

businesses.
 4. Internet access that is available in the barangay is aiding those students who are

taking on-line classes during this pandemic.

5. The presence of the Police Station, Health Center, and Fire Sub-Station gives a sense

of security to the local residents.

CONCLUSION

In light of the foregoing findings, the study concluded that:

1. Socioeconomic development is one of the indicators in the fast growth of the local

economy in Zamboanga in particular, and in the region as a whole.

2. The circumstances are always present when there is a socioeconomic development and it

affects the local economy. Further, this hinders local economies to grow.

3. Socioeconomic development is consistent. Were there will be new technologies, new

laws, changes in the physical environment and ecological changes.

23
Recommendation

In light of the foregoing findings and conclusions, the study recommended the following:

Since Socioeconomic Development is one of the indicators in the fast – grow of the local

economy in Zamboanga why not;

 convince people to invest in products and services people need

 provide employment opportunities

 promote new technologies

 address environmental challenges

 innovate impacts socio-economic objectives

BIBLIOGRAPHY

References:

Socioeconomic Development of Barangay Sta. Maria Zamboanga City from 2015-2019

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This study aimed to determine the Socioeconomic Development of Barangay Sta. Maria

Zamboanga City 2015-2019 of the fourth year AB Political Science students of Western

Mindanao State University, enrolled for the first semester S.Y. 2019-2020. The study utilized a

qualitative research design.

The instrument used in gathering of data was a self – designed interview questionnaire composed

of two parts: 1) Socio – Demographic profile of the respondents: name (optional), age, and sex.

2) Interview proper: it contains questions of the Socioeconomic Development in terms of

Livelihood. The data collected were treated for analysis with the use of Statistical Tools such as

Frequency, Percentages, Means, and Discourse Analysis.

It was found out that Socioeconomic development is one of the indicators in the fast growth

of the local economy. Socioeconomic development is consistent. In Socioeconomics, there will

be some circumstances in a developing barangay or country.

Based on the findings of this study, majority of the respondents are middle-aged, female

respondents who have a vast knowledge about the socioeconomic development in Barangay Sta.

Maria Zamboanga City.

It is concluded, that Socioeconomic Development of Barangay Sta. Maria Zamboanga City

2015-2019 is growing fast in terms of local economy and is still developing.

27
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to express their wholehearted gratitude and appreciation to the

persons sent by God who helped them in the completion of this study without any hesitation.

First and foremost to the Almighty God, the omnipotent, who always gives them strength,

knowledge, and courage to do the task that was entrusted to them.

Prof. Jehan L. Ibrahim, the research adviser, for her constant support in sharing her

knowledge and her time, and for patiently understanding and encouraging the researchers not to

give up, and for helping in the preparation of this research study.

Dr. Adrian P. Semorlan, Dean of College of Liberal Arts for the trust and confidence in

allowing the researchers to conduct the study.

To their beloved parents, relatives, friends, brothers and sisters who are always there to

support emotionally, physically, spiritually, and mostly financially. They highly appreciated.

Thank You!
DEDICATION

We would like to dedicate the success of the study to the Almighty God, to our Creator of

the heaven and earth, for the love and comfort, for giving us strength, for enlightening our way,

for providing our needs, and for reminding us that we can make it if we have the faith in Him.

To our beloved parents, relatives, friends, brothers and sisters for being our inspiration in

doing this research study.

And most of all, to our very supportive and enthusiastic Adviser and to the Faculty of the

College of Liberal Arts, Department of Bachelor of Arts in Political Science.

We thank you for being a part of this success GOD BLESS YOU ALL!

This humble work is truly a lifetime treasure.

29
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Title Page ………………………………………………………………………………… i

Approval Sheet ………………………………………………………………………... ii

Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………. iii

Acknowledgement ………………………………………………………………...... iv

Dedication ………………………………………………………………………………. v

Table of Contents …………………………………………………………………… vi

List of Tables ………………………………………………………………………….. vii

List of Figures ………………………………………………………………………… viii

Chapter I INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study …………………………….……………………………………. 1

Statement of the Problem …………………………………………………………… 3

Significance of the Study …………………………………………………………… 3

Scope and Delimitation of the Study ……………………………………………….. 4

Operational Definition of Terms ……………………………………………………….. 4

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES AND CONCEPTUAL

FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY

Review Related Literature ………………………………………………….……………… 6

Related Studies ………………………………………………………………………… 6

Conceptual Framework ………………………………………………………………... 7

Research Design …………………………………………………………………………… 8

Research Locale …………………………………………………………………………… 8

Respondents ……………………………………………………………………………….. 9

Instruments ………………………………………………………………………………... 9

Data Gathering Procedure ………………………………………………………………… 10

Sampling Technique ……………………………………………………………………… 10

Statistical Treatment ……………………………………………………………………… 11

Ethical Considerations ……………………………………………………………………. 12

CHAPTER IV PRESENTATION FINDINGS, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION

OF DATA

Profile of Respondents …………………………………………………………………… 14

Age of the Respondents ………………………………………………………………….. 14

Gender of the Respondents ………………………………………………………………. 15

CHAPTER V SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary of Findings ……………………………………………………………………. 16

Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………………….. 17

Recommendation ……………………………………………………………………….... 17

BIBLIOGRAPHY …………………………………………………………………….... 18

APPENDICES …………………………………………………………………………. 19

CURRICULUM VITAE ................................................................................................. 20

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APPENDIX

Profile of the Barangay Sta. Maria Respondents

Age of the Respondents

F %

45 years old and above8 53.3333%

38 to 44 years old4 26.6666%

28 to 37 years old3 20%

Total15 100%

Gender of the Respondents

F %

Male6 40 %

Female9 60 %

Total15 100 %