Java
Controll Statements and OOP
Ziyati Houssaine
29. September 2020
Java
1
Overview
1. Recalling last session
2. Controll Statements
Ite
for
while
3. OOP in Java
General information
Methods
Return Value
Constructor
4. Conclusion
An Example
2
Recalling last session
Conclusion
Datatypes
• int, long
• float, double
• String
Hello World example
3
Controll Statements
Controll Statements
• if, else, else if
• for
• while
4
If Then Else
1 if ( condition ) {
2 // do something if condition is true
3 } else if ( another condition ) {
4 // do if " else if " condition is true
5 } else {
6 // otherwise do this
7 }
5
If Then Else example
1 public class IteExample {
2
3 public static void main ( String [] args ) {
4 int myNumber = 5;
5
6 if ( myNumber == 3) {
7 System . out . println ( " Strange number " ) ;
8 } else if ( myNumber == 2) {
9 System . out . println ( " Unreachable code " ) ;
10 } else {
11 System . out . println ( " Will be printed " ) ;
12 }
13 }
14
15 }
6
Conditions?
How to compare things:
• == Equal
• != Not Equal
• > Greater Than
• >= Greater or Equal than
Note: You can concatenate multiple conditions
with && (AND) or || (OR)
7
for
1 for ( initial value ; condition ; change ) {
2 // do code while condition is true
3 }
8
for example
1 public class ForExample {
2
3 public static void main ( String [] args ) {
4 for ( int i = 0; i <= 10; i ++) {
5 System . out . print ( " na " ) ;
6 }
7 System . out . println ( " BATMAN ! " ) ;
8 }
9
10 }
9
while
1 while ( condition ) {
2 // do code while condition is true
3 }
10
while example
1 public class WhileExample {
2
3 public static void main ( String [] args ) {
4 int a = 0;
5 while ( a <= 10) {
6 System . out . println ( a ) ;
7 a ++; // Otherwise you would get an endless loop
8 }
9 }
10
11 }
11
OOP in Java
Object Oriented Programming
12
Class Student
1 public class Student {
2
3 // Attributes
4 private String name ;
5 private int m a t r i c u l a t i o n N u m b e r ;
6
8 // Methods
9 public void setName ( String name ) {
10 this . name = name ;
11 }
12
13 public int g e t M a t r i c u l a t i o n N u m b e r () {
14 return m a t r i c u l a t i o n N u m b e r ;
15 }
16
17 }
13
Creation
We learned how to declare and assign a primitive datatype.
1 int a ; // declare a
2 a = 273; // assign 273 to a
The creation of an object works similar.
1 Student example = new Student () ;
2 // create an instance of Student
The object derived from a class is also called instance. The variable is
called the reference.
14
Calling a Method
1 public class Student {
2
3 private String name ;
4
5 public String getName () {
6 return name ;
7 }
8
9 public void setName ( String newName ) {
10 name = newName ;
11 }
12
13 }
The class Student has two methods: void printTimetable() and void
printName().
15
Calling a Method
1 public class Main {
2
3 public static void main ( String [] args ) {
4 Student example = new Student () ; // creation
5 example . setName ( " Ali " ) ; // method call
6 String name = example . getName () ;
7 System . out . println ( name ) ; // Prints " Ali "
8 }
9
10 }
You can call a method of an object after its creation with
reference.methodName();.
16
Calling a Method
1 public class Student {
2
3 private String name ;
4
5 public void setName ( String newName ) {
6 name = newName ;
7 printName () ; // Call own method
8 this . printName () ; // Or this way
9 }
10
11 public void printName () {
12 System . out . println ( name ) ;
13 }
14
15 }
You can call a method of the own object by simply writing
methodName(); or this.methodName();
17
Methods with Arguments
1 public class Calc {
2
3 public void add ( int summand1 , int summand2 ) {
4 System . out . println ( summand1 + summand2 ) ;
5 }
6
7 public static void main ( String [] args ) {
8 int summandA = 1;
9 int summandB = 2;
10 Calc calculator = new Calc () ;
11 System . out . print ( " 1 + 2 = " ) ;
12 calculator . add ( summandA , summandB ) ;
13 // prints : 3
14 }
15
16 }
18
Methods with Return Value
A method without a return value is indicated by void:
1 public void add ( int summand1 , int summand2 ) {
2 System . out . println ( summand1 + summand2 ) ;
3 }
A method with an int as return value:
1 public int add ( int summand1 , int summand2 ) {
2 return summand1 + summand2 ;
3 }
19
Calling Methods with a return value
1 public class Calc {
2
3 public int add ( int summand1 , int summand2 ) {
4 return summand1 + summand2 ;
5 }
6
7 public static void main ( String [] args ) {
8 Calc calculator = new Calc () ;
9 int sum = calculator . add (3 , 8) ;
10 System . out . print ( " 3 + 8 = " + sum ) ;
11 // prints : 3 + 8 = 11
12 }
13
14 }
20
Constructors
1 public class Calc {
2
3 private int summand1 ;
4 private int summand2 ;
5
6 public Calc () {
7 summand1 = 0;
8 summand2 = 0;
9 }
10
11 }
A constructor gets called upon creation of the object
21
Constructors with Arguments
1 public class Calc {
2
3 private int summand1 ;
4 private int summand2 ;
5
6 public Calc ( int x , int y ) {
7 summand1 = x ;
8 summand2 = y ;
9 }
10
11 }
1 [...]
2 Calc myCalc = new Calc (7 , 9) ;
A constructor can have arguments as well!
22
Conclusion
An Example
You want to program an enrollment system, for a programming course.
Your classes are:
student who wants to attend the course
lesson which is a part of the course
tutor the man standing in front
room where your lessons take place
...
23
Class Student
1 public static void main ( String [] args ) {
2 Student peter = new Student () ;
3 peter . changeName ( " Peter " ) ;
4 }
24
