Experiment 6 Lab Manual
American International University- Bangladesh
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
EEE2104: Digital Logic Design Laboratory
Title: Design of a 2 to 4 Decoder and a decimal to BCD Encoder
Introduction:
The purpose of this experiment is to construct encoder and decoder circuits. Encoder and
decoder circuits are very useful in information transmission, conversion, compression and
maintaining the secrecy of any information.
Theory and Methodology:
An encoder is a device or a circuit that converts information from one format or code to
another. A decoder does the reverse operation of the encoder. It undoes the encoding so that
the original information can be retrieved. Both the encoder and decoder are combinational
circuits.
Encoding and decoding are very widely used ideas. They have applications in electronic
circuits, software programs, medical devices, telecommunication and many others. In this
experiment, a very basic 2-to-4 line decoder and a decimal to BCD encoder will be
constructed.
A decoder can convert binary information from n input lines to a maximum of 2 n unique
output lines. The 2-to-4 line decoder will take inputs from two lines and convert them to 4
lines.
A B
D0
D1
D2
D3
2-to-4 line Decoder
Fig.1: 2-to-4 line decoder
The expressions for implementing 2-to-4 line decoder –
D0 = A’B’
© Dept. of EEE, Faculty of Engineering, American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) 1
Experiment 6 Lab Manual
D1 = A’B
D2 = AB’
D3 = AB
Truth table for 2-to-4 line decoder is given below –
A B D0 D1 D2 D3
0 0 1 0 0 0
0 1 0 1 0 0
1 0 0 0 1 0
1 1 0 0 0 1
A decimal to BCD encoder converts a decimal number into Binary Coded Decimal (BCD).
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6D7 D8 D9
Y0
Y1
Y2
Y3
Fig.2: Decimal
Decimal to BCDto Encoder
BCD encoder
The expressions for implementing the decimal to BCD encoder –
Y0 = D1 + D3 + D5 + D7 + D9
Y1 = D2 + D3 + D6 + D7
Y2 = D4 + D5 + D6 + D7
Y3 = D8 + D9
Truth table for decimal to BCD encoder is given below –
Dec. Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0
D0 0 0 0 0
D1 0 0 0 1
D2 0 0 1 0
D3 0 0 1 1
D4 0 1 0 0
D5 0 1 0 1
© Dept. of EEE, Faculty of Engineering, American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) 2
Experiment 6 Lab Manual
D6 0 1 1 0
D7 0 1 1 1
D8 1 0 0 0
D9 1 0 0 1
Priority encoder:
A priority encoder is a circuit or algorithm that compresses multiple binary inputs into a
smaller number of outputs. The output of a priority encoder is the binary representation of the
original number starting from zero of the most significant input bit. They are often used to
control interrupt requests by acting on the highest priority request. If two or more inputs are
given at the same time, the input having the highest priority will take precedence.
In this experiment a 4-to 2 priority encoder with a priority sequence of 2,1,3,0 has been
shown. It means, in this priority encoder 2 has the highest priority and 0 has the lowest. If 2 is
high then other numbers are ignored (even if any of them are high at the same time) and
output would be binary representation of 2, i.e., Y1Y0=10. If 2 is found to be low, then next
priority is given to 1. So, in this case if 1 is high, then 3 and 0 are ignored and output will be
binary representation of 1, i.e., Y1Y0=01 and so on.
Fig .3: 4-to 2 priority encoder with a priority sequence of 2,1,3,0
The expressions for implementing the above priority encoder–
Y0 = A2’.A1 + A3.A2’.A1’
Y1 = A2 + A3.A2’.A1’
Truth table for this priority encoder is given below –
A3 A2 A1 A0 Y1 Y0
x 1 x x 1 0
x 0 1 x 0 1
1 0 0 x 1 1
0 0 0 1 0 0
© Dept. of EEE, Faculty of Engineering, American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) 3
Experiment 6 Lab Manual
Pre-Lab Homework:
Read about the characteristics of encoder and decoder circuits from any book or websites and
use NI Multisim to generate the output of the circuits provided in this lab sheet. Save the
simulation results and bring it to the lab.
Apparatus:
1. NOT Gate - IC 7404 1[pcs]
2. AND Gate - IC 7408 1[pcs]
3. OR Gate - 5 input OR 1[pcs]
4 input OR 2[pcs]
2 input OR 1[pcs]
Precautions:
1. Make sure that all the LEDs and the toggle switches of the trainer board are working
properly.
2. Do not short any connections. Short connection can produce heat (due to high current
flow) which is harmful for the components.
Experimental Procedure:
1. Connect the circuit according to the figures.
2. Use the toggle switches on the trainer board for providing input signal to the circuits.
Connect the outputs to the LEDs on the trainer board.
3. Apply the input signals and observe and note the corresponding output signals.
Simulation and Measurement:
Compare the simulation results with your experimental data and comment on the differences
(if any).
Results/ Findings:
Students will implement the circuit in the Trainer Board and match the theoretically obtained
truth table by matching outputs for individual input configurations. If the practically obtained
truth table does not match they will also investigate the errors.
Reference:
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_logical_organization/combinational_circuits.htm
© Dept. of EEE, Faculty of Engineering, American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) 4
