USEFUL AND
HARMFUL MATERIALS
2. FOOD ADDITIVES, PRESERVATIVES
-Prepared by T. Katie
1. FOOD ADDITIVES
- A substance added to food to add
flavor, texture, and others.
EXAMPLE:
1. Broth cubes
2. Seasonings
3. Sweeteners
4. Monosodium Glutamate (MSG also known as
vetsin)
EXAMPLES
2. PRESERVATIVES
- is either natural or synthetic chemical
that is added to products such as foods,
pharmaceuticals (make up), paints, and
more, to prevent or slow spoilage and
maintain natural colors and flavors.
2 TYPES:
1. NATURAL
2. ARTIFICIAL
NATURAL
PRESERVATIVES
1. Antimicrobial – inhibits the growth of microbes
such as bacteria and fungi
2. Antioxidants – delays or stops the process
of oxidation acting on enzymes
3. Stops aging of cosmetic products
EXAMPLES:
• salt
• lemon juice
• grapefruit seed extract
• Rosemary extract
• sugar
• citric acid (from citrus
fruits)
ARTIFICIAL
PRESERVATIVES
- uses different
chemicals to keep
packaged and fresh food
from spoiling.
EFFECTS OF ADDITIVES
AND PRESERVATIVES
TO HEALTH
Using a lot of preservatives have a negative
impact on your health.
1. Heart Disease - Food preservatives can weaken the heart
tissues
2. Breathing Problems - Some of the preservatives present in
food items such as aspartame, sulfites, and benzoates
aggravate breathing problems.
3. Cancer - One of the most harmful effects of preservatives
on food items is their ability to transform into carcinogen
agents.
- foods with nitrosamines can cause cancer when
mixed with gastric acids.
Synthetic
Materials
-Prepared by T. Katie
WHAT IS
“SYNTHETIC”?
• - Synthetic Materials are created using chemicals.
• - They come from Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, and
Oxygen.
• - They are useful because they can be used as a
substitute for natural materials made from wood or paper.
SYNTHETIC
MATERIALS
1. Plastics
2. Paints
3. Solvents
4. Synthetic fibers
5. Materials from wood
6. Materials from metal
7. Materials and Technology
1. PLASTICS
Plastic is in so much stuff that it’s almost
impossible to picture our lives without it!
Examples of materials that use plastic or is made up of plastic
The chairs you sit on, your smart
phone, toys and pens, car parts,
bike bits, bank notes, washing
machines and even windows.
Why is plastic used to
make so many different
things?
Because it can be put into
any shape quite easily and
it lasts for a long time.
PLASTICS ARE SYNTHETIC
MATERIALS WHICH CAN BE
MADE INTO MANY USEFUL
THINGS
They are used for:
● electronic parts,
● protective coatings,
● electrical devices,
● car bodies,
● furniture,
● boats,
● machine parts,
● floor coverings,
● tableware,
● appliance handles,
● fabrics, and
● paints
HOW MUCH DO
YOU KNOW ABOUT
PLASTIC?
LET’S PLAY TRUE OR FALSE
All plastic can be recycled
TRUE OR FALSE
False - some plastic is either too expensive or impossible to
recycle.
By 2050, there will be more
plastic than fish in the ocean
TRUE OR FALSE
True - we are dumping plastic into the ocean at an alarming
rate.
Plastic eventually breaks
down and vanishes.
TRUE OR FALSE
False - it just breaks down to smaller pieces.
2. PAINTS
Paint is a mixture of four basic ingredients:
1. pigments,
2. resins,
3. solvents, and
4. additives
USES OF PAINTS
1. To make our house and buildings
colourful and beautiful.
2. Used to protect from wear and
tear
3. To prevent iron from rusting
4. To make wooden parts of the
house water resistant
Volatile compounds in paints can cause:
1. Headaches,
2. Eye irritation,
3. Nausea,
4. Dizziness, and fatigue.
5. Central nervous system, liver, and
kidney damage.
3. SOLVENTS
- A liquid that dissolves substances.
EXAMPLES OF SOLVENTS
1. Water – a universal solvent because it
dissolves almost all kinds of solid.
2. Thinner – to mix with paint, it dissolves the
solid material in paint
3. Kerosene – able to remove other petroleum
products, such as chain grease
EXAMPLES OF SOLVENTS
4. Gasoline – as a solvent for oils and fats.
5. Acetone – used to dissolve or remove nail
polish
6. Muriatic Acid – used to remove stains in
bathroom tiles but must be handled carefully.
4. SYNTHETIC FIBERS
- Synthetic fabrics, such as nylon, rayon, and
polyester, are produced entirely from
chemicals.
- Synthetic fabrics are useful because they
have improved properties compared to
natural materials.
NYLON
Plastic raincoats, for
example, are waterproof,
and stretchy keeps its
original shape.
5. MATERIALS FROM WOOD
• Wood has been used as a building material
for thousands of year
• Used to build houses, shelters, and boats, but
it is widely used in making furniture and home
decor.
• Used to produce paper, books, magazines, boxes,
and more.
6. MATERIALS FROM METALS
METALS
- are hard and
shiny elements that can
be melted and made into
different shapes.
