Assignment 10
1. Prove that the following two matrices have same characteristic polyno-
mial and same minimal polynomial but are not similar.
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
2. Prove that the following two matrices have same characteristic polyno-
mial, minimal polynomial, rank, and same dimension eigenspaces.
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
We will see that these two matrices are not similar because they are
two different Jordan Canonical Forms!
3. Which of the following matrices diagonalizable over R?
1 2 3 1 2 3 0 1 2 0 1 0
0 4 5 2 1 4 0 0 1 −1 0 0
0 0 6 3 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
4. For each of the following matrices A ∈ Mn (R), test A for diagonaliz-
ability, and if A is diagonalizable, then find an invertible matrix P and
a diagonal matrix D such that P −1 AP = D.
3 1 0 1 1 1 4 0 1
1 2 1 3 0 −2 0 3 0 0 1 0 2 3 2
0 1 3 1 1 3
0 0 4 0 1 2 1 0 4
1
5. Let A be an n×n real matrix with A2 = A. Then which of the following
statements are true?
(a) A is diagonalizable over R
(b) the eigenvalues of A are either 0 or 1
(c) rank (A)= trace (A)
(d) rank (I − A)= trace (I − A)
6. Let A be a 4 × 4 real matrix with
dim E2 = 2, dim E4 = 1, and rank(A) = 3.
Then which of the following statements are true?
(a) 0, 2, and 4 are the eigenvalues of A
(b) A is diagonalizable over R
(c) determinant (A)=0
(d) trace (A) = 8
7. Let T be the linear operator on Mn (R) defined by T (A) = At , the
transpose of A. Then which of the following statements are true?
(a) ±1 are the only eigenvalues of T
(b) mT (x) = (x − 1)(x + 1)
(c) T is diagonalizable over R
(d) T has n2 linearly independent eigenvectors
(e) ∃ a basis B of Mn (R) such that [T ]B is diagonal
8. Let T : P3 (R) → P3 (R) be the linear map defined by
T (a0 + a1 x + a2 x2 + a3 x3 ) = a3 + a2 x + a1 x2 + a0 x3 .
Then which of the following statements are true?
(a) ±1 are the only eigenvalues of T
(b) mT (x) = (x − 1)(x + 1)
(c) T is diagonalizable over R
(d) E1 = span {1 + x3 , x + x2 }
(e) E−1 = span {1 − x3 , x − x2 }
2
(f) B = {1 + x3 , x + x2 , 1 − x3 , x − x2 } is a basis of P3 (R) and
1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0
[T ]B =
0 0 −1
0
0 0 0 −1
λ 0 0 0 0 1
9. Let A = 1 λ 0 and P = 0 1 0. Then which of the following
0 1 λ 1 0 0
statements are true?
(a) P is the elementary row matrix obtained by interchanging 1st and
3rd rows of the identity matrix.
(b) P A is the matrix obtained by interchanging 1st and 3rd rows of A.
(c) P is the elementary column matrix obtained by interchanging 1st
and 3rd columns of the identity matrix.
(d) AP is the matrix obtained by interchanging 1st and 3rd columns
of A.
(e) P −1 = P
λ 1 0
(f) P −1 AP = 0 λ 1 = At
0 0 λ
λ1 0 0 λ3 0 0
(g) P −1 0 λ2 0 P = 0 λ2 0
0 0 λ3 0 0 λ1
10. Prove that any two diagonal matrices having same eigenvalues with
same multiplicity are similar.
11. Let e1 , . . . , en be the standard basis of Rn . Let T , T t , and P are the
linear operators on Rn defined by
T (ei ) = λei + ei+1 , ∀ 1 ≤ i < n, and T (en ) = λen
T t (ei ) = ei−1 + λei , ∀ 1 < i ≤ n, and T t (e1 ) = λe1
P (ei ) = en−i+1 , ∀ 1 ≤ i ≤ n.
• Find the matrices [T ], [T t ], and [P ] of the above linear maps with
respect to the standard basis of Rn . Observe that [T t ] = [T ]t
• Prove that P −1 ◦ T ◦ P = T t .
• Conclude that [P ]−1 [T ][P ] = [T ]t
