Analogue and Digital Communication Lab

(EL-323)

LABORATORY MANUAL

ENGR. IHTISHAM KHALID &ENGR. MUHAMMAD ASIM

IMPLEMENTATION OF AMPLITUDE SHIFT KEYING

(LAB # 13)
Student Name: ______________________________________________

Roll No: ________________Section: ____

Date performed: _____________, 2016

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NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF COMPUTER AND EMERGING SCIENCES, ISLAMABAD

Prepared by: Engr. M. Asim, Engr. Ihtisham Khalid Version: 2.01

Last Edited by: Engr. M. Asim, Engr. Ihtisham Khalid
Verified by: Dr. Shahzad Saleem Updated: Fall 2016
 Lab #
Analogue and Digital National University Roll No: __________
Communication Lab
(EL323)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad Fall 2016
13
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Lab # 13: IMPLEMENTATION OF AMPLITUDE SHIFT KEYING
Learning Objectives:
1. To understand the operation theory of amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation
2. To understand the signal waveform of the ASK modulation
3. To implement the ASK modulator by using MC1496
4. To understand the methods of testing and adjusting the ASK modulation circuit

Equipment Required:
1. ETEK Function Generator Board
2. ETEK DA-2000-06 Board
3. Oscilloscope

ASK Modulator

In the wireless digital communication, it is not easy to transmit the digital data directly. This is
because it needs to pass through the modulator and modulate the carrier signal in order to send the
signal effectively. One of the easiest ways is to use the different data streams to change the
amplitude of carrier, this kind of modulation is called amplitude modulation, and we call it as
amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation in digital communication.

ASK modulation signal can be expressed as

x ASK ( t )= A i cos ¿

In this equation, the values of amplitude Ai have M types of possible changes, the ω c denote the
cutoff frequency. If we choose M=2, the x ASK ( t ) signal will transmit the binary signal, therefore, the
values of A are A1=0 and A2=A, A is the arbitrary constant so we can obtain the binary ASK
modulated signal waveform as shown in figure-1. When input logic is one, then the signal is
transmitted out; when the input logic is 0, then no signal is transmitted, so this is aslo called on-off
keying (OOK), this type of method is used in the past time.

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 Lab #
Analogue and Digital National University Roll No: __________
Communication Lab
(EL323)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad Fall 2016
13
____________________________________________________________________________________

Figure-1: ASK modulated signal waveform

Figure-2: The basic block diagram of ASK modulator

Figure-2 is the basic block diagram of ASK modulator, the balanced modulator can meet the
objectives of amplitude modulation, and bandpass filter will remove the high frequency signal to
make the ASK signal waveform perfect. We use the MC1496 to implement the balanced modulator
in this experiment.

Figure-3: The internal circuit diagram of MC1496

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 Lab #
Analogue and Digital National University Roll No: __________
Communication Lab
(EL323)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad Fall 2016
13
____________________________________________________________________________________

Figure-3 is the internal circuit diagram of MC1496, where D 1, R1, R2, R3, Q7 and Q8 comprise a
current scope, it provides DC bias current to Q 5 and Q6. The Q5 and Q6 comprise a differential
amplifier which is used to drive the Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 to become double differential amplifiers. The
data signal is inputted between pin 1 and pin 4. The carrier signal is inputted between pin 8 and pin
10. The gain of balanced modulator is inputted between pin 2 and pin 3, which is controlled by the
resistor between pin 2 and pin 3. The range of the bias current of the amplifier is determined by the
resistor connected at the pin 5.

Figure-4: The circuit diagram of ASK modulator by using MC1496

Figure-4 is the circuit diagram of ASK modulator, where MC1496 comprises a balanced modulator.
The carrier signal and data signal are single ended inputs. The carrier signal is inputted at pin 10 and
the data signal is inputted at pin 1. R14 and R15 determine the gain and the bias current of this circuit,
respectively. If we adjust VR1 or the data signal amplitude, it can prevent the ASK modulation
signal from distortion. Slighting adjusting VR2 will avoid the asymmetric of the signal waveform.
The pin 12 of balanced modulator will send the output signal to uA741. The C 4, R18, R19 and R20
comprise a bandpass filter to remove the high frequency signal so that the ASK signal waveform
will become more perfect.

Experiment: ASK Modulator

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 Lab #
Analogue and Digital National University Roll No: __________
Communication Lab
(EL323)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad Fall 2016
13
____________________________________________________________________________________
1. Refer to figure 11-4 or ETEK DA-2000-06 module.
2. At the data signal input terminal, input 2.5 V amplitude, 2.5 V offset (i.e. high is 5 V, low is 0 V),
100 Hz square wave frequency. Then from the carrier signal input terminal, input 1V amplitude and
20 KHz sine wave frequency.
3. At the ASK modulation signal output terminal (ASK O/P), by using oscilloscope, observe on the
output signal waveform. Adjust VR1 and observe on the ASK modulated signal waveform
distortion occurs. Then adjust VR2 to avoid the asymmetry of the signal. Finally record the output
signal in Table-1.
4. Change the data signal frequency to 500 Hz and 1 KHz, the others remain the same. By using
oscilloscope, observe on the output signal waveform and record the measured results in Table-1.
5. At the data signal input terminal, input 2.5 V amplitude, 2.5 V offset (i.e. high is 5 V, low is 0 V), 1
KHz square wave frequency. Then at the carrier signal input terminal, input 1 V amplitude and 20
KHz sine wave frequency.
6. At the ASK modulation signal output terminal (ASK O/P), by using oscilloscope, observe on the
output signal waveform. Adjust VR1 and observe on the ASK modulated signal waveform
distortion occurs. Then adjust VR2 to avoid the asymmetry of the signal. Finally record the output
signal in Table-2.
7. Change the carrier signal frequencies to 50 KHz and 100 KHz, the others remain the same. By using
oscilloscope, observe on the output signal waveform and record the measured results in Table-2.
8. At the data signal input terminal, input 2.5 V amplitude, 2.5 V offset (i.e. high is 5 V, low is 0 V), 1
KHz square wave frequency. Then at the carrier signal input terminal, input 1 V amplitude and 100
KHz sine wave frequency.
9. At the ASK modulation signal output terminal (ASK O/P), by using oscilloscope, observe on the
output signal waveform. Adjust VR1 and observe on the ASK modulated signal waveform
distortion occurs. Then adjust VR2 to avoid the asymmetry of the signal. Finally record the output
signal in Table-3.
10. Change the carrier signal amplitude to 1.5 V and 2 V, the others remain the same. By using
oscilloscope, observe on the output signal waveform and record the measured results in Table-3.
11. At the data signal input terminal, input a bipolar signal of 1 V p-p amplitude, 200 Hz square wave
frequency. Then at the carrier signal input terminal, input 1 V amplitude and 100 KHz sine wave
frequency.
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Page 5 of 12
 Lab #
Analogue and Digital National University Roll No: __________
Communication Lab
(EL323)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad Fall 2016
13
____________________________________________________________________________________
12. At the ASK modulation signal output terminal (ASK O/P), by using oscilloscope, observe on the
output signal waveform. Adjust VR1 and observe on the ASK modulated signal waveform
distortion occurs. Then adjust VR2 to avoid the asymmetry of the signal. Finally record the output
signal in Table-4.
13. Change the data signal amplitude to 2 V p-p and 3 Vp-p, the others remain the same. By using
oscilloscope, observe on the output signal waveform and record the measured results in Table-4.
14. At the data signal input terminal, input a bipolar signal of 1 V p-p amplitude, 200 Hz square wave
frequency. Then at the carrier signal input terminal, input 1 V amplitude and 20 KHz sine wave
frequency.
15. At the ASK modulation signal output terminal (ASK O/P), by using oscilloscope, observe on the
output signal waveform. Adjust VR1 and observe on the ASK modulated signal waveform
distortion occurs. Then adjust VR2 to avoid the asymmetry of the signal. Finally record the output
signal in Table-5.
16. Change the carrier signal frequency to 80 KHz and 200 KHz, the others remain the same. By using
oscilloscope, observe on the output signal waveform and record the measured results in Table-5.

Table-1:
The measured results of ASK output signal waveforms by varying the data signal frequency (V c=1V, fc=20
KHz)
Data Signal Data Signal Waveforms ASK Output Signal Waveforms
Frequencie
s

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 Lab #
Analogue and Digital National University Roll No: __________
Communication Lab
(EL323)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad Fall 2016
13
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100 Hz

500 Hz

1 KHz

Table-2:
The measured results of ASK output signal waveforms by varying the carrier signal frequency (V c=1 V,
fData=1 KHz)
Carrier Carrier Signal Waveforms ASK Output Signal Waveforms
Signal
Frequencie
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Page 7 of 12
 Lab #
Analogue and Digital National University Roll No: __________
Communication Lab
(EL323)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad Fall 2016
13
____________________________________________________________________________________
s
20 KHz

50 KHz

100 KHz

Table-3:
The measured results of ASK output signal waveforms by varying the carrier signal amplitude (f c=100
KHz, fData=1 KHz)
Carrier Carrier Signal Waveforms ASK Output Signal Waveforms
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Page 8 of 12
 Lab #
Analogue and Digital National University Roll No: __________
Communication Lab
(EL323)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad Fall 2016
13
____________________________________________________________________________________
Signal
Amplitude
1V

1.5 V

2V

Table-4:
The measured results of ASK output signal waveforms by varying the carrier signal amplitude (f c=100
KHz, fData=200 Hz, Vc=1V)

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Page 9 of 12
 Lab #
Analogue and Digital National University Roll No: __________
Communication Lab
(EL323)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad Fall 2016
13
____________________________________________________________________________________
Data Data Signal Waveforms ASK Output Signal Waveforms
Signal
Amplitude
1 Vp-p

2 Vp-p

3 Vp-p

Table-5:
The measured results of ASK output signal waveforms by varying the carrier signal amplitude (f Data=200
Hz, Vc=1V, Vp-p=1V)
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Page 10 of 12
 Lab #
Analogue and Digital National University Roll No: __________
Communication Lab
(EL323)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad Fall 2016
13
____________________________________________________________________________________
Carrier Data Signal Waveforms ASK Output Signal Waveforms
Signal
Frequencie
s
20 KHz

100 KHz

200 KHz

Student's feedback (Try giving useful feedback, e.g. did this lab session help you in learning, how to
improve student's learning experience, was the staff helpful, etc):

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 Lab #
Analogue and Digital National University Roll No: __________
Communication Lab
(EL323)
of Computer and Emerging Sciences
Islamabad Fall 2016
13
____________________________________________________________________________________
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Student'sSignature: _________________________________

Correctness of

TOTAL
AWARDED

Attitude

Neatness

Conclusion
Originality
Initiative
MARKS

TOTAL 10 10 10 20 20 30 100

EARNED

Lab Instructor's Comments:_______________________________________________________

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Lab Instructor's Signature: _________________________________

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