Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Principles of Communication Systems

Lab # 8
ASK Modulation

Submitted by group:
1 Ahmed Zaman (Fa20-epe-078)
2 Shahzeb Afridi (Fa20-epe-049)
3 Hassan Khan (Fa20-epe-068)

Submitted to Lab Engineer: Usman Ali

Subject Teacher: Dr. Imadad Khan

A P C
Total Marks 1 5 4
Obtained Marks
Experiment 8
ASK Modulation
1.1Statement of problem:
Generate baseband and carrier modulated digital signals using ASK at different data rates.
Verify whether the data rate with constant pulse amplitude depends on the bandwidth of the
modulated wave or its power.
1.2Literature Background:
Amplitude Shift Keying ASK is a type of Amplitude Modulation which represents the binary
data in the form of variations in the amplitude of a signal.
Any modulated signal has a high frequency carrier. The binary signal when ASK modulated,
gives a zero value for Low input while it gives the carrier output for High input.
The following figure represents ASK modulated waveform along with its input.

To find the process of obtaining this ASK modulated wave, let us learn about the working of the
ASK modulator.

ASK Modulator
The ASK modulator block diagram comprises of the carrier signal generator, the binary sequence
from the message signal and the band-limited filter. Following is the block diagram of the ASK
Modulator.

The carrier generator, sends a continuous high-frequency carrier. The binary sequence from the
message signal makes the unipolar input to be either High or Low. The high signal closes the
switch, allowing a carrier wave. Hence, the output will be the carrier signal at high input. When
there is low input, the switch opens, allowing no voltage to appear. Hence, the output will be
low.
The band-limiting filter, shapes the pulse depending upon the amplitude and phase
characteristics of the band-limiting filter or the pulse-shaping filter.

ASK Demodulator

There are two types of ASK Demodulation techniques. They are −

 Asynchronous ASK Demodulation/detection

 Synchronous ASK Demodulation/detection
The clock frequency at the transmitter when matches with the clock frequency at the receiver, it
is known as a Synchronous method, as the frequency gets synchronized. Otherwise, it is known
as Asynchronous.
 Block Diagram:
Mixer Circuit
Message Signal ASK Signal

Carrier Signal

1.3 Procedure:
Mat lab Code :
%% Lab#8
clc
clear all
close all
%% Binary Generation
x=[1 0 0 1 1 0 1];
disp('the binary information at transmitter')
disp(x)
%% Binary to Digital Conversion
bp=0.000001; %bit period
bit=[];
for(n=1:1:length(x))
if x(n)==1;
se=ones(1,100)
else x(n)==0;
se=zeros(1,100)
end
bit=[bit se]
end
%plotting
t1=bp/100:bp/100:100*length(x)*(bp/100);
subplot(2,1,1)
plot(t1,bit)
%% ASK Modulation
A1=10
A2=5
br=1/bp %bit rate
f=10*br
t2=bp/99:bp/99:bp;
ss=length(t2)
m=[]
for(i=1:1:length(x))
if x(i)==1
y=A1*cos(2*pi*f*t2) %max value of carrier signal
else
y=A2*cos(2*pi*f*t2) %min value of carrier signal
end
m=[m y]
end
%plotting
t3=bp/99:bp/99:bp*length(x)
subplot(2,1,2)
plot (t3,m)

1.4 Analysis:

Digital Signal
1
Amplitude

0.5

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Time 10 -6

ASK Modulated Signal

10

5
Amplitude

-5

-10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Time 10 -6
 Figure Analysis:
This figure is basically representing the amplitude shift keying modulation as the
amplitude of the digital signal falls the amplitude of the shifted signal also falls
the 1 in f=digital signal is represented by 10 in Ask signal and the 0 level in
digital signal is represented by 5 amplitude in ASK signal.

Hardware Implementations:

Figure Analysis:
This figure represents the frequency modulated wave and it shows the behavior as follows
as the amplitude was decreasing the spacing between the 2 consecutive troughs increased
ad as the amplitude started to rise again the distance/spacing between 2 consecutive troughs
start to decrease and this phenomenon tells us that the frequency of the signal has been
changed.

Figure Analysis:
This figure is basically a trainer that helps us in ASK modulation. This trainer contains a
frequency mixer that helps us generate a modulated signal at output from a digital signal.
 Figure Analysis:
This figure is the demonstration of the output signal on a frequency sensitive device. The
peaks are representing 0nes (max amp) and the Zeros (min amp) in this waveform.
Question and Answers:
1. Why we use ASK?
A digital modulation technique in which the amplitude of the carrier wave is altered
according to the modulating signal (bit stream) is known as Amplitude Shift Keying
(ASK). It is the easiest and straightforward digital modulation scheme.
2. Where we use ASK?
Amplitude shift keying (ASK) is a popular modulation technique used in digital data
communication for a large number of low-frequency RF applications
3 What are the advantages and disadvantages of ASK?
Advantages of ASK modulation.
➨It offers high bandwidth efficiency.
➨It has simple receiver design.
➨ASK modulation can be used to transmit digital data over optical fiber.
➨ASK modulation and ASK demodulation processes are comparatively inexpensive.
➨Its variant OOK is used at radio frequencies to transmit morse codes.
Disadvantages of ASK modulation.
➨It offers lower power efficiency.
➨ASK modulation is very susceptible to noise interference. This is due to the fact that
noise affects the amplitude. Hence another alternative modulation technique such as
BPSK which is less susceptible to error than ASK is used.
Conclusion:
By performing this experiment we conclude that the phase and frequency of the carrier wave are
maintained at a constant level and only its amplitude is varied in accordance with the digitalized
modulating signal. It is associated with two levels only.