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Chapter 1 - Lesson 3 - Sketching The Graph of A Circle

The document provides examples for finding the equation of a circle given its center and radius in both standard and general form. In Example 1, the center is (-4, 5) and radius is 13 units, so the standard form equation is (x + 4)2 + (y - 5)2 = 169. In Example 2, the center is (-3, -2) and radius is 3√5 units, so the general form equation is x2 + y2 + 6x + 4y - 32 = 0. Steps shown include using the radius and center coordinates to set up and solve the standard equation (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2.

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391 views11 pages

Chapter 1 - Lesson 3 - Sketching The Graph of A Circle

The document provides examples for finding the equation of a circle given its center and radius in both standard and general form. In Example 1, the center is (-4, 5) and radius is 13 units, so the standard form equation is (x + 4)2 + (y - 5)2 = 169. In Example 2, the center is (-3, -2) and radius is 3√5 units, so the general form equation is x2 + y2 + 6x + 4y - 32 = 0. Steps shown include using the radius and center coordinates to set up and solve the standard equation (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2.

Uploaded by

haduken
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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P (x, y)

C
(h, k)
How to sketch the graph
of a circle?
Example 1.
Sketch the graph of Circle S whose equation is
(x – 3)² + (y – 5)² = 16.
Step 1. Determine the center and Step 2. Graph the circle on the
radius of the circle. Cartesian plane.
(x – 3)² + (y – 5)² = 16 y
8

(h = 3) (k = 5) r² = 16 6
S r
r² = 16 → r = √16 → r = 4 units 4 (3, 5)
2 x
Thus, the center of the circle is at -2 2 4 6 8
0
(3, 5) and the radius is 4 units.
-2
Example 2. Sketch the graph of a circle whose equation is
x² + y² + 4x – 2y – 11 = 0.
x² + y² + 4x – 2y – 11 = 0 y
(x² + 4x) + (y² – 2y) – 11 = 0
6
(x² + 4x) + (y² – 2y) =11
(x² + 4x + 4) + (y² – 2y + 1) =11 + 4 +1 4

(x² + 4x + 4) + (y² – 2y + 1) =16 2


(x + 2)² + (y – 1)² =16 (-2, 1) x
-6 -4 -2 0 2

(x + 2)² + (y – 1)² =16 -2

(h = -2) (k = 1) r² = 16 → r = √16 = 4
Therefore, the center of the given circle is located at (-2, 1)
and its radius is 4 units long.
Determine (a) coordinates of the center, (b) radius of each
circle, and (c) graph and label the circle on the Cartesian Plane.
1. Circle H: (x – 9)² + (y – 6)² = 4

a. (x – 9)² + (y – 6)² = 4 c. H (9, 6) y


12
(h = 9) (k = 6) r=2
10
➢ The center of the circle is at 8
the coordinates (9, 6) 6
r=2
H(9, 6)

4
b. (x – 9)² + (y – 6)² = 4
2
r² = 4 x
r = √4 → r = 2 ➢ The is 2
radius 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
2. Circle O: (x – 1)² + (y + 4)² = 49
Solution:
c. O(1, -4) r=7
a. (x – 1)² + (y + 4)² = 49 y
(h = 1) (k = -4) 2
x
➢ The center of the circle is at -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8

the coordinates (1, -4) -2

-4
b. (x – 1)² + (y + 4)² = 49 -6
r² = 49 -8
r = √49 → r = 7 -10
The radius is 7 units far from center
Transform each of the equation into center-radius form, then
graph the circle on the Cartesian Plane.
1. x² + y² +8x – 14y + 1 = 0 y
15
Solution:
x² + 8x + y² - 14y = -1 10
r=8
(x² + 8x + 16) + (y² - 14y + 49) = -1 + 16 + 49 C(-4, 7) 5

(x + 4)² + (y – 7)² = 64 x
-15 -10 -5 0 5
(h = -4) (k = 7) r² = 64
C(-4, 7) r = √64 = 8 -5

The center is at (-4, 7) and the radius is 8 units far from the center.
2. y² + x² - 2x + 12y – 12 = 0
Solution:
y² + x² - 2x + 12y – 12 = 0 y
-3 0 3 6 9
(x² - 2x) + (y² + 12y) = 12 x
-3
(x² - 2x + 1) + (y² + 12y + 36) = 12 + 1 + 36
r=7
(x² - 2x + 1) + (y² + 12y + 36) = 49 -6
C(1, -6)

(x – 1)² + (y + 6)² = 49 -9

(h = 1) (k = -6) r² = 49 -12

C(1, -6) r = √49 = 7

The center of the circle is at (1, -6) and the radius is 7 units from it.
r

C
(h, k)
Example 1: Find the equation of a circle in standard form whose
center is at (-4, 5) and has a radius of 13 units.
Solution:
Step 1. center: (-4, 5) → h = -4 and k = 5, r = 13
Step 2. (x – h)² + (y – k)² = r²
Step 3. (x – (-4))² + (y – 5)² = 13²
Step 4. (x + 4)² + (y – 5)² = 169

Therefore, the equation of the circle in standard form is


(x + 4)² + (y – 5)² = 169
Example 2. Find the equation of a circle in general form whose center is
at (-3, -2) and has a radius of 3√5 units.
Solution:
Given: (-3, -2) → h = -3 and k = -2, r = 3√5
(x – h)² + (y – k)² = r² → x² + y² + Dx + Ey + F = 0
(x – (-3))² + (y – (-2))² = (3√5)²
(x + 3)² + (y + 2)² = (3)²(√5)²
(x + 3)² + (y + 2)² = 45
x² + 6x + 9 + y² + 4y + 4 = 45
x² + y² + 6x + 4y + 9 + 4 – 45 = 0
x² + y² + 6x + 4y – 32 = 0
Therefore, the equation of the circle in standard form is x² + y² + 6x + 4y – 32 = 0.

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