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Non-Finite Verb Forms Guide

This document discusses non-finite verb forms in English including infinitives, gerunds, and participles. It provides examples of how each form is used including: 1) Infinitives are used after modal verbs and expressions like "made" or "helped." There are simple, continuous, perfect, and passive infinitive forms. 2) Gerunds act as nouns or adjectives and are used after prepositions, verbs of preference, and expressions like "avoid" or "risk." There are simple, perfect, and passive gerund forms. 3) Participles can be present (-ing form) or past (V3 form) and are used in constructions like "

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105 views4 pages

Non-Finite Verb Forms Guide

This document discusses non-finite verb forms in English including infinitives, gerunds, and participles. It provides examples of how each form is used including: 1) Infinitives are used after modal verbs and expressions like "made" or "helped." There are simple, continuous, perfect, and passive infinitive forms. 2) Gerunds act as nouns or adjectives and are used after prepositions, verbs of preference, and expressions like "avoid" or "risk." There are simple, perfect, and passive gerund forms. 3) Participles can be present (-ing form) or past (V3 form) and are used in constructions like "

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Ioana Paucean
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NON FINITE VERB FORMS

INFINITIVE GERUND PARTICIPLE


(Present -> V-ing)
(Past -> V3)
Infinitive: Short infinitive: to
Long infinitive: to

Infinitive Forms: Simple: to write


Continuous: to be writing
Perfect: to have written
Passive Voice: TO BE+V3: to be written

Short Infinitive:
After: 1) Modal Verbs
e.g: He can dance well

2) MAKE, LET, HELP (both forms)


e.g: He made me laugh.
Let me go!
I helped carry/to carry the leggage.

3) sensitive: SEE, HEAR, FEEL


e.g: I saw her cry.
He heard me laugh.
I felt her tramble.

4) after the expressions:


HAD BETTER (warning)
WOULD RATHER (preferance)
WOULD SOONER
e.g: You had better go than stay.
I would rather go than stay. (one subject)
I prefer going TO stay.

WOULD RATHER + short inf. (1 subject)


WOULD RATHER + subjunctive (2 subjects)
-> V2 (present)
-> HAD + V3 (past)
e.g: I’d rather you went home.

Gerund (V-ing):
1) has a substantival or adjectival form
e.g: Reading is fun.
Washing machine.

2) it is used after all prepositions


e.g: I am afraid of walking in the darkness.

3) after verbs of preference: love, like, hate, enjoy, dislike


e.g: I love dancing. (general meaning)
Obs! When preceded by the verb would + Infinitive
Difference in meaning: e.g: I would love to dance with you (particular)

4) after verbs: ADMIT, AVOID, CONTINUE, START, DENY, INVOLVE, MEAN,


MISS, POSTPONE, RISK, RESIST, RECOLLECT, SAVE, SUGEST,
UNDERSTAND

5) after some expresions: DON’T MIND, CAN’T HELP, IT’S WORTH/NOT, IT’S
NO USE
Gerund Forms: Simple: writing
Perfect: having written
Passive Voice: being written

- Verbs with -ing and infinitive –


REMEMBER: I remembered to lock the door.
I remembered locking the door.

FORGET: I forgot to lock the door.


I forgot locking the door.

REGRET: We regret to tell you…


I regret telling you…

GO ON: I went on to be the Prime Minister. (with different thing)


(continue) I went on being the Prime Minister. (with the same thing)

TRY: I tried to play chess. (to see if you can or not)


Try playing chess. (to see if you like it)

STOP: I stopped to look in the mirror. (with this purpose)


I stopped looking in the mirror. (to cease an action)

MEAN: I meant to write to you, but I didn’t had time


mean = want/wish/intend + Infinitive
involve/imply + Gerund
This task means working harder.
S1=S2 S1≠S2
Infinitive I want to go home. (N) I want you to go home. (Akk)

Gerund I preffer going home earlier. I preffer your going home earlier.

Participle Going to school, I met her. I met her going to school.

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